References on the Administration of Selected Enzyme Inhibitors Using
ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

Note: See also the reference lists on Antidepressents, Antihypertensives, Antivirals, Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors, and NSAIDs

1. 1400W

P8887 Hu,A.H., Jiao,X.Y., Gao,E.H., Li,Y.H., Sharifi-Azad,S., Grunwald,Z., Ma,X.L., Sun,J.Z. Tonic beta-adrenergic drive provokes proinflammatory and proapoptotic changes in aging mouse heart. REJUVENATION RESEARCH 2008; 11(-1-):215-226. >>> 1400W; Isoproterenol bitartrate; SC; Mice; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (iNOS); animal info (C57BL/6, 3, 20 months old); ischemia (myocardial).

P8870 Chirino,Y.I., Trujillo,J., Sanchez-Gonzalez,D.J., Martinez-Martinez,C.M., Cruz,C., Bobadilla,N.A., Pedraza-Chaverri,J. Selective iNOS inhibition reduces renal damage induced by cisplatin. TOXICOLOGY LETTERS 2008; 176(-1-):48-57. >>> 1400W; cisplatin; Saline; SC; Rat; 2001; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (iNOS); animal info (male, Wistar, 230-275g.).

P8466 Zhang,P., Xu,X., Hu,X.L., van Deel,E.D., Zhu,G.S., Chen,Y.J. Inducible nitric oxide synthase deficiency protects the heart from systolic overload-induced ventricular hypertrophy and congestive heart failure. Circulation Research 2007; 100(-7-):1089-1098. >>> 1400W; Saline; SC; Mice; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; animal info (2-3 months old, CS7BL16).

P7221 Perez-Asenio,F.J., Hurtado,O., Burguete,M.C., Moro,M.A., Salom,J.B., Lizasoain,I., Torregrosa,G., Leza,J.C., Alborch,E., Castillo,J., Knowles,R.G., Lorenzo,P. Inhibition of iNOS activity by 1400W decreases glutamate release and ameliorates stroke outcome after experimental ischemia. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2005; 18(-2-):375-384. >>> 1400W; IP; Rat; 2-72 hours; Controls received mp w/ saline or no treatment.

P6534 Hu,D.E., Dyke,S.O.M., Moore,A.M., Thomsen,L.L., Brindle,K.M. Tumor cell-derived nitric oxide is involved in the immune-rejection of an immunogenic murine lymphoma. Cancer Research 2004; 64(-1-):152-161. >>> 1400W; PBS; SC; Mice; 2001; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (iNOS); cancer (lymphoma).

P5175 Sharp,B.R., Jones,S.P., Rimmer,D.M., Lefer,D.J. Differential response to myocardial reperfusion injury in eNOS-deficient mice. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2002; 282(--):H2422-H2426. >>> 1400W; IP; Mice (knockout); ; Cardiovascular; enzyme inhibitor; 1400W is an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor.

P5028 Koarai,A., Ichinose,M., Sugiura,H., Yamagata,S., Hattori,T., Shirato,K. Allergic airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophil infiltration is reduced by a selective iNOS inhibitor, 1400W, in mice. Pulmonary Pharmacology&Therapeutics 2000; 13(--):267-275. >>> 1400W; Saline; SC; mice; 1003D; 26 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology; 1400 W is a selective inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) inhibitor; asthma.

P4279 Rudd,M.A., Trolliet,M., Hope,S., Scribner,A.W., Daumerie,G., Toolan,G., Cloutier,T., Loscalzo,J. Salt-induced hypertension in Dahl salt-resistant and salt-sensitive rats with NOS II inhibition. Am.J.Physiol.(Heart Circ.Physiol.46) 1999; 277(--):H732-H739. >>> AMT; 1400W; Ethylisourea, S-; Rat; 12 days; Cardiovascular; agents are NOS II inhibitors; AMT is 2-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-methyl-4H-1,3-thiazine; S-ethylisourea is also known as EIT; enzyme inhibitors; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor;.

P3742 Thomsen,L.L., Scott,J.M.J., Topley,P., Knowles,R.G., Keerie,A.-J., Frend,A.J. Selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibits tumor growth in vivo: studies with 1400W, a novel inhibitor. Cancer Res. 1997; 57(--):3300-3304. >>> 1400W; Water, sterile; SC; mice; 2002; 6, 12, 13 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by measurement of 1400W in plasma and tumor samples; stress/adverse reaction: unexpected symptoms in 2 mice in high dose group (12 mg/kg/h), not clear if compound toxicity or bacterial infection (see pg. 3303); cancer; 1400W is N-(3-(aminomethyl)benzyl)acetamidine, a NO synthase inhibitor.

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2. 9050

P6687 Lee,B.J., Singh,A., Chiang,P., Kemp,S.J., Goldman,E.A., Weinhouse,M.I., Vlasuk,G.P., Rosenthal,P.J. Antimalarial activities of novel synthetic cysteine protease inhibitors. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2003; 47(-12-):3810-3814. >>> 9050; Cremophor, RH40; SC; Mice; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of IP injections vs. SC mp; half-life (p. 3812), 87.1 min (injection) and 56.2 min (infusion); 12.5% cremophor used; agent is a novel synthetic cysteine protease enzyme inhibitor with antimalarial properties; pump model not listed.

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3. AG-490

P6904 Qiu,J., Cafferty,W.B.J., McMahon,S.B., Thompson,S.W.N. Conditioning injury-induced spinal axon regeneration requires signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation. Journal of Neuroscience 2005; 25(-7-):1645-1653. >>> AG-490; Saline; CSF/CNS (sciatic nerve); Rat; 2004; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (JAK2); silastic tubing and a gortex nerve cuff used.

P3017 Meydan,N., Grunberger,T., Dadi,H., Shahar,M., Arpaia,E., Lapidot,Z., Leeder,J.S., Freedman,M., Cohen,A., Gazit,A., Levitzki,A., Roifman,C.M. Inhibition of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia by a Jak-2 inhibitor. Nature 1996; 1996(--):645-648. >>> AG-490; SC; mice (SCID); no duration posted; controls received no treatment or mp with DMSO; cancer; ALZET not specifically mentioned, but confirmed pump paper via author; AG-490 is a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) tynorphin inhibitor.

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4. AG 1296

P7818 Dell,S., Peters,S., Muether,P., Kociok,N., Joussen,A.M. The role of PDGF receptor inhibitors and PI3-kinase signaling in the pathogenesis of corneal neovascularization. INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY&VISUAL SCIENCE 2006; 47(-5-):1928-1937. >>> AG 1296; wortmannin; LY294002; PBS; IP; Mice; 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 6); enzyme inhibitor (PDGF receptor kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase); animal info (male, C57BL/6,7-10wk old 20g.).

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5. AK275

P2615 Bartus,R.T., Baker,K.L., Heiser,A.D., Sawyer,S.D., Dean,R.L., Elliott,P.J., Straub,J.A. Postischemic administration of AK275, a calpain inhibitor, provides substantial protection against focal ischemic brain damage. J.Cereb.Blood Flow Metab. 1994; 14(-4-):537-544. >>> AK275; Dye, Evans-Blue fluorescent; CSF, artificial; DMSO; CSF/CNS (occipital cortex); rat; 2001D; 17-25 hours; controls received vehicles; functionality of mp verified by in vitro tests; dose-response (pg. 542); enzyme inhibitor; pumps coated w/ paraffin to decrease delivery volume; "supracortical perfusion method": PE-10 tubing inserted 3 mm along surface of occipital cortex (pg. 539); ischemia (cerebral).

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6. AMT

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7. AY9944

P8476 Fliesler,S.J., Vaughan,D.K., Jenewein,E.C., Richards,M.J., Nagel,B.A., Peachey,N.S. Partial rescue of retinal function and sterol steady-state in a rat model of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. PEDIATRIC RESEARCH 2007; 61(-3-):273-278. >>> AY9944; PBS; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2ML4; 4 weeks; Controls received no treatment; enzyme inhibitor (3 beta-hydroxysterol-d7-reductase); teratology; animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, GD7).

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8. AZD1152

P8504 Wilkinson,R.W., Odedra,R., Heaton,S.P., Wedge,S.R., Keen,N.J., Crafter,C., Foster,J.R., Brady,M.C., Bigley,A., Brown,E., Byth,K.F., Barrass,N.C., Mundt,K.E., Foote,K.M., Heron,N.M., Jung,F.H., Mortlock,A.A., Boyle,F.T., Green,S. AZD1152, a selective inhibitor of Aurora B kinase, inhibits human tumor xenograft growth by inducing apoptosis. Clinical Cancer Research 2007; 13(-12-):3682-3688. >>> AZD1152; SC; Mice; 2001D; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (p. 3684); comparison of IV or IP injections; enzyme inhibitor (aurora B kinase); cancer; xenograft; animal info (male, 8-12 weeks old, Swiss athymic).

P7964 Mortlock,A.A., Foote,K.M., Heron,N.M., Jung,F.H., Pasquet,G., Lohmann,J.J., Warin,N., Renaud,F., Savi,C.D., Roberts,N.J., Johnson,T., Dousson,C.B., Hill,G.B., Perkins,D., Hatter,G., Wilkinson,R.W., Wedge,S.R., Heaton,S.P., Odedra,R., Keen,N.J., Crafter,C., Brown,E., Thompson,K., Brightwell,S., Khatri,L., Brady,M.C., Kearney,S., McKillop,D., Rhead,S., Parry,T., Green,S. Discovery, synthesis, and in vivo activity of a new class of pyrazoloquinazolines as selective inhibitors of aurora B kinase. J.Med.Chem. 2007/3/21; Online only(--):-. >>> AZD1152; Tris buffer; SC; Mice; 2001D; 48 hours; Enzyme inhibitor (aurora kinase); cancer; animal info (male, Swiss, nu/nu); PK data; xenograft; tumor cells on dorsal flank.

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9. Acetazolamide

P4773 Bagnis,C., Marshansky,V., Breton,S., Brown,D. Remodeling the cellular profile of collecting ducts by chronic carbonic anhydrase inhibition.. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 2001; 280(--):F437-F448. >>> Acetazolamide; SC;; rat;; 2 weeks;; Functionality of mp verified by aspiration of remaining contents after explant; enzyme inhibitor; Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor;.

P1765 Hott,M., Marie,P.J. Carbonic anhydrase activity in fetal rat bone resorbing cells: inhibition by acetazolamide infusion. J.Dev.Physiol. 1989; 12(--):277-281. >>> Acetazolamide; Tris buffer; SC; rat (pregnant); 7 days; teratology.

P0821 Lonnerholm,G., Wistrand,P.J., Barany,E. Carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes in the rat kidney. Effects of chronic acetazolamide treatment. Acta Physiol.Scand. 1986; 126(-1-):51-60. >>> Acetazolamide; Water; SC; rat; 2ML2; 2-9 weeks; mp replaced every other week; controls were sham operated; one control received mp w/ saline; stress/adverse reaction (4 animals died during replacement of mp); drug free interval between pumps; long-term study.

P0675 Kenny,A.D. Role of carbonic anhydrase in bone: partial inhibition of disuse atrophy of bone by parenteral acetazolamide. Calcif.Tissue Int. 1985; 37(-2-):126-133. >>> Acetazolamide sodium; Sodium hydroxide; SC; rat; 1701; 8 days; comparison of twice daily sc injec vs. mp infusion vs. admin. in diet; dose-response data; continuous infusion gave greatest protection against bone loss with smallest doses.

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10. Alaproclate

P2654 Brodin,K., Ogren,S.-O., Brodin,E. Clomipramine and clonazepam increase cholecystokinin levels in rat ventral tegmental area and limbic regions. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1994; 263(--):175-180. >>> Nortriptyline; Amitriptyline; Clomipramine; Alaproclate; Clonazepam; Alcohol; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; antidepressant; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; dose-response (Table 1; pg. 177); enzyme inhibitor; clonazepam is a benzodiazepene; the others are monoamine uptake inhibitors.

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11. Aliskiren

P8773 Lu,H., Rateri,D.L., Feldman,D.L., Charnigo,RJ Jr, Fukamizu,A., Ishida,J.J., Oesterling,E.G., Cassis,L.A., Daugherty,A. Renin inhibition reduces hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis in mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2008; 118(-3-):984-993. >>> Aliskiren; PBS; SC; Mice; 2004; 4, 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma Aliskiren levels; dose-response (fig. 1); long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; no stress (see pg. 985); enzyme inhibitor (Renin); cardiovascular; animal info (male, C57BL/6, Ldlr -/-, 6-8 wks old, 30g.).

P7691 Shagdarsuren,E., Wellner,M., Braesen,J.H., Park,J.K., Fiebeler,A., Henke,N., Dechend,R., Gratze,P., Luft,F.C., Muller,D.N. Complement activation in angiotensin II - Induced organ damage. Circulation Research 2005; 97(-7-):716-724. >>> Aliskiren; SC; Rat (transgenic); 3 weeks; Aliskiren plasma levels; animal info (Sprague-Dawley); renin inhibitor.

P7690 Pilz,B., Shagdarsuren,E., Wellner,M., Fiebeler,A., Dechend,R., Gratze,P., Meiners,S., Feldman,D.L., Webb,R.L., Garrelds,I.M., Danser,A.H.J., Luft,F.C., Mueller,D.N. Aliskiren, a human renin inhibitor, ameliorates cardiac and renal damage in double-transgenic rats. Hypertension 2005; 46(-3-):569-576. >>> Aliskiren; SC; Rat (transgenic); 3 weeks; Blood pressure taken; cardiovascular; animal info (male, DTGR, 5.5 weeks old).

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12. Allylglycine

P8384 Shekhar,A., Johnson,P.L., Sajdyk,T.J., Fitz,S.D., Keim,S.R., Kelley,P.E., Gehlert,D.R., DiMicco,J.A. Angiotensin-II is a putative neurotransmitter in lactate-induced panic-like responses in rats with disruption of GABAergic inhibition in the dorsomedial hypothalamus. Journal of Neuroscience 2006; 26(-36-):9205-9215. >>> Allylglycine, L-; CSF/CNS (Dorsomedial hypothalamus); Rat; 2002; 12 days; Controls received no treatment to contralateral DMH or no treatment at all; funcionality of mp verified by examination of brain sections; enzyme inhibitor (glutamic acid decarboxylase); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 300-350g); cannula tip placement at reactive site confirmed with Bicuculline methiodide injection; Animal model of panic disorder.

P4987 Shekhar,A., Keim,S.R. LY354740, a potent group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist prevents lactate-induced panic-like response in panic-prone rats. Neuropharmacology 2000/4/27; 39(-7-):1139-1146. >>> Allylglycine, L-; CSF/CNS (dorsomedial hypothalamus); rat; 2002; ; functionality of mp verified by glutamic acid decarboxylase activity assay; peptides; GABA synthesis inhibitor; cannula patency verified by dye injection.

P4218 Shekhar,A., Keim,S.R. The circumventricular organs form a potential neural pathway for lactate sensitivity: implications for panic disorder. J.Neurosci. 1997; 17(-24-):9726-9735. >>> Allylglycine, L-; CSF/CNS (hypothalamus); rat; 2002; 14 days; enzyme inhibitor.

P3433 Shekhar,A., Keim,S.R., Simon,J.R., McBride,W.J. Dorsomedial hypothalamic GABA dysfunction produces physiological arousal following sodium lactate infusions. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 1996; 55(-2-):249-256. >>> Allylglycine; CSF, artificial;; CSF/CNS (dorsomedial hypothalamus); CSF/CNS (paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus); rat; 2002; 14 days; controls received mp w/ aCSF or d-allylglycine; dl-(racemic), l-(active), and d-(inactive) isomers of allylglycine used.

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13. Aminoguanidine

P7565 Xia,W., Wang,Y., Appleyard,R., Smythe,G.A., Murrell,G.A.C. Spontaneous recovery of injured Achilles tendon in inducible nitric oxide synthase gene knockout mice. INFLAMMATION RESEARCH 2006; 55(-1-):40-45. >>> Aminoguanidine, HCl; IP; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Enzyme inhibitor (no synthase); animal info (8-12 wk. old, male); therapeutic treatment (tendon healing); achilles tendon transection.

P6941 Jung,T.Y., Pashia,M.E., Nishimoto,S.Y., Faddis,B.T., Chole,R.A. A possible role for nitric oxide in osteoclastogenesis associated with cholesteatoma. OTOLOGY&NEUROTOLOGY 2004; 25(-5-):661-668. >>> Aminoguanidine; SC; Mice; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; enzyme inhibitor (NOS II).

P5471 Inuzuka,S., Koga,S., Nishikido,M., Miyata,Y., Kanda,S., Shimokawa,I., Tanaka,M., Saito,Y., Kanetake,H. Donor-specific blood transfusion prolongs cardiac allograft survival in rats by low nitric oxide production and elevated serum levels of prostaglandin E-2. Immunology Letters 2002; 83(-2-):119-124. >>> Aminoguanidine; Saline; IV (jugular); Rat; ; Aminoguanidine is an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase.

R0140 Li,J, Billiar,T.R. Nitric oxide IV. determination of nitric oxide protection and toxicity in liver. Am.J.Physiol. 1999; 276(--):G1069-G1073. >>> L-NMMA; L-NAME; Aminoguanidine; IV (hepatic portal);; rat;; ; nitric oxide synthase inhibitors;.

P5594 Sinz,E.H., Kochanek,P.M., Dixon,C.E., Clark,R.S.B., Carcillo,J.A., Schiding,J.K., Chen,M., Wisniewski,S.R., Carlos,T.M., Williams,D., DeKosky,S.T., Watkins,S.C., Marion,D., Billiar,T.R. Inducible nitric oxide synthase is an endogenous neuroprotectant after traumatic brain injury in rats and mice. J Clin.Invest 1999; 104(-5-):647-656. >>> Aminoguanidine; Lysine, L-N-iminoethyl-; saline; SC; rat; 5 days; controls received mp with vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (nitric oxide synthase).

P4418 Schaffer,M.R., Tantry,U., Thornton,F.J, Barbul,A. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in wounds: pharmacology and effect on accumulation of collagen in wounds in mice.. Eur.J.Surg. 1999; 165(--):262-267. >>> L-NMMA; Aminoguanidine hemisulphate; MITU;; PBS;; IP;; mice;; 10 days;; control received mp w/vehicle; comparison of IP injections vs. mp; wound healing study; MITU is S-methyl isothiouronium, a competitive NO synthase inhibitor..

P4241 Ou,J., Carlos,T.M., Watkins,S.C., Saavedra,J.E., Keefer,L.K., Kim,Y.-M., Harbrecht,B.G., Billiar,T.R. Differential effects of nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and selective inducible NOS inhibition on hepatic necrosis, apoptosis, ICAM-1 expression, and neutrophil accumulation during endotoxemia. Nitric Oxide: Biology&Chemistry 1997; 1(-5-):404-416. >>> Aminoguanidine; Lysine, L-N6-(1-imino-ethyl)-; V-PYRRO/NO; L-NAME; L-NMA; Saline; IV (jugular); IV (gastric); rat; 2001D; 16 hours; controls received mp w/vehicle; good methods (p. 406); nitric oxide synthase inhibitors; PE10 catheter tubing inserted in gastric vein; some animals implanted with one pump for gastric vein and one for jugular vein; NMA is NG-monomethyl-L-arginine.

P4424 Worrall,N.K, Chang,K., Suau,G.M, Allison,W.S, Misko,T.P, Sullivan,P.M, Tilton,R.G, Williamson,J.R, Ferguson,Jr.,T.B. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase prevents myocardial and systemic vascular barrier dysfunction during early cardiac allograft rejection.. Circulation Research 1996/3; 78(--):769-779. >>> Aminoguanidine;; NaCl;; IV (jugular); rat;; 2ML1;; ; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; cardiovascular; silicon catheter used;.

P3437 Sorrells,D.L., Friend,C., Koltuksuz,C., Courcoulas,A., Boyle,P., Garrett,M., Watkins,S., Rowe,M.I., Ford,H.R. Inhibition of nitric oxide with aminoguanidine reduces bacterial translocation after endotoxin challenge in vivo. Arch Surg 1996; 131(--):1155-1163. >>> Aminoguanidine; SC; rat; 2ML1; 42 hours; controls received mp w/ saline.

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14. Amlexanox

P1677 Sanjar,S., Aoki,S., Boubekeur,K., Burrows,L., Colditz,I., Chapman,I., Morley,J. Inhibition of PAF-induced eosinophil accumulation in pulmonary airways of guinea pigs by anti-asthma drugs. Jpn.J.Pharmacol. 1989; 51(--):167-172. >>> Amlexanox; Azelastine; Cromoglycate; Ibudilast; Oxatomide; Tranilast; Aminophylline; Dexamethasone; Ketotifen; Saline, bacteriostatic; SC; guinea-pig; 2001; 6 days; no comment posted.

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15. Apocynin

P8461 Chan,E.C., Datla,S.R., Dilley,R., Hickey,H., Drummond,G.R., Dusting,G.J. Adventitial application of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin in vivo reduces neointima formation and endothelial dysfunction in rabbits. Cardiovascular Research 2007; 75(-4-):710-718. >>> Apocynin; DMSO; IA (carotid); Rabbit; 2001; ; Controls received mp w/vehicle, or no treatment; enzyme inhibitor (NADPH oxidase); cardiovascular; animal info (male, New Zealand White, 3-4kg); 0.1% DMSO; mp attached to catheter to hollow, nonoclusive silastic collar around common cartoid artery.

P8325 Armando,I., Wang,X.Y., Villar,V.A.M., Jones,J.E., Asico,L.D., Escano,C., Jose,P.A. Reactive oxygen species-dependent hypertension in dopamine D2 receptor-deficient mice. Hypertension 2007; 49(-3-):672-678. >>> Apocynin; spironolactone; Saline; DMSO; SC; Mice; 7, 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (NADPH Oxidase); antihypertensive; animal info (C57BL/6J, 6-8 months old); 12.5% DMSO.

P7575 Zhan,G.X., Serrano,F., Fenik,P., Hsu,R., Kong,L.H., Pratico,D., Klann,E., Veasey,S.C. NADPH oxidase mediates hypersomnolence and brain oxidative injury in a murine model of sleep apnea. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2005; 172(-7-):921-929. >>> Apocynin; DMSO; SC; Mice; 1002; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or PBS; long-term study; pumps replaced; enzyme inhibitor (NADPH oxidase); animal info (male, C57BL/6J, 10 wk old).

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16. Aprotinin

P5676 Ito,H., Hayashi,I., Izumi,T., Majima,M. Bradykinin inhibits development of myocardial infarction through B-2 receptor signalling by increment of regional blood flow around the ischaemic lesions in rats. British Journal of Pharmacology 2003; 138(-1-):225-233. >>> FR-190997; aprotinin; SBTI; Saline; water; HCl; IV (vena cava, cervical vein); Rat; 2001D; 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; FR-190997 (a nonpeptide mimic of bradykinin beta 2 agonist) was infused into the vena cava; aprotinin infused into the cervical vein; SBTI&aprotinin are plasma kallikrein inhibitors from soybeans.

P4270 Frautschy,S.A., Horn,D.L., Sigel,J.J., Harris-White,M.E., Mendoza,J.J., Yang,F., Saido,T.C., Cole,G.M. Protease inhibitor coinfusion with amyloid beta-protein results in enhanced deposition and toxicity in rat brain. Journal of Neuroscience 1998/10/15; 18(-20-):8311-8321. >>> Amyloid protein, beta; Aprotinin; Leupeptin;; HEPES;; CSF/CNS;; rat; 2004;; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; ALZET brain infusion kit used; beta-amyloid protein infused alone, or concomitantly with aprotinin or leupeptin; enzyme inhibitors.

P3324 Yosipiv,I.V., El-Dahr,S.S. Developmental regulation of ACE gene expression by endogenous kinins and angiotensin II. Am.J.Physiol.(Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol.38) 1995; 269(--):F172-F179. >>> Aprotinin; Hoe 140; Losartan; SC; rat; 5,7 days; controls received mp w/saline.

P3035 Morin,N.J., Frau,A., Nonclercq,D., Toubeau,G., Zanen,J., Heuson-Stiennon,J.-A., Bergeron,M.G., Beauchamp,D., Laurent,G. Potentiation of gentamicin nephrotoxicity in the rat by infusion of aprotinin. Exp.Molecular Path. 1994; 60(--):197-213. >>> Aprotinin; IV; rat; 2ML1; 8 days; controls received mp with saline; immunology; toxicology.

P3268 Majima,M., Yoshida,O., Mihara,H., Muto,T., Mizogami,S., Kuribayashi,Y., Katorim,M., Oh-ishi,S. High sensitivity to salt in kininogen-deficient brown Norway Katholiek rats. Hypertension 1993; 22(--):705-714. >>> Kininogen, bovine; Hoe 140; Aprotinin; Saline; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/saline.

P1987 Ivy,G.O. Protease inhibitors as a model for NCL disease, with special emphasis on the infantile and adult forms. Am.J.Med.Genet. 1992; 42(--):555-560. >>> E-64C; Aprotinin; Chloroquine; Leupeptin; CSF/CNS; rat; 2002; 2 weeks; no comment posted.

P1964 Majima,M., Katori,M., Hanazuka,M., Mizogami,S., Nakano,T., Nakao,Y., Mikami,R., Uryu,H., Okamura,R., Mohsin,S.S.J., Oh-ishi,S. Suppression of rat deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension by kallikrein-kinin system. Hypertension 1991; 17(-6-):806-813. >>> Aprotinin; Saline; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; no comment posted.

P1673 Pakzad,R. Influence of the trypsin inhibitors aprotinin (Trasylol) and TLCK, administered locally by osmotic minipumps, on the gelatinolytic activity of acrosin and the transport of spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract of rabbits. Z.Mikrosk.-Anat.Forsch. 1989; 103(-6-):957-966. >>> Lysine chloromethyl ketone, N-a-tosyl-L-; Aprotinin; intrauterine; rabbit; 6 days; German with English summary (p. 957); trypsin inhibitors; tissue perfusion (uterus).

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17. B-428

P3535 Xing,R.H., Mazar,A., Henkin,J., Rabbani,S.A. Prevention of breast cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis by antiestrogen tamoxifen alone or in combination with urokinase inhibitor B-428. Cancer Res. 1997; 57(--):3585-3593. >>> B-428; Saline; DMSO; BSA; IP; rat; 2ML4; 2ML2; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (urokinase); cancer; B-428 is an anti-proteolytic agent; pump model listed as 2MN4 is 2ML4.

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18. B10720512; B10721325; B10720440; B10720511; B10715817

P7902 Husen,B., Huhtinen,K., Poutanen,M., Kangas,L., Messinger,J., Thole,H. Evaluation of inhibitors for 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in vivo in immunodeficient mice inoculated with MCF-7 cells stably expressing the recombinant human enzyme. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY 2006; 248(-1-2-):109-113. >>> Estrone; B10720512; B10721325; B10720440; B10720511; B10715817; DMSO; propanediol; SC; Mice (nude); 1002; 4 weeks; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (ovariectomy); dose-response (fig. 5); pumps replaced after 2 weeks; enzyme inhibitor (17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase); cancer (breast carcinoma); animal info (female, Crl: NU/NU, 10-11 wk old); 50% DMSO.

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19. BE16627B

P4811 Kiyama,T., Onda,M., Tokunaga,A., Efron,D.T., Barbul,A. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition on colonic anastomotic healing in rats.. JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY 2001; 5(--):303-311. >>> BE16627B; DMSO; ethylene glycol; SC; Rat; 1003D; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor; vehicle mix was 50:50 ratio; BE16627B is a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;.

R0225 Watson,S.A., Tierney,G. Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors. BioDrugs 1998; 9(-4-):325-335. >>> BE16627B; Mice; 3 weeks; Cancer (fibrosarcoma; colon); ALZET pumps mentioned on p. 332.

P2788 Naito,K., Kanbayashi,N., Nakajima,S., Murai,T., Arakawa,K., Nishimura,S., Okuyama,A. Inhibition of growth of human tumor cells in nude mice by a metalloproteinase inhibitor. Int.J.Cancer 1994; 58(--):730-735. >>> BE16627B; Doxorubicin HCl; DMSO; Ethylene glycol; SC; mice (nude); 2001; 2002; 3 weeks, 18 days; controls received vehicle or no treatment; pumps replaced; stress/ adverse reaction: skin inflammation and necrosis around delivery site in mice treated with Adriamycin (pg. 733); BE166278B animals were fine; stability verified for 18 days by assay; cancer; enzyme inhibitor; BE16627B is a metalloproteinase inhibitor; 2002 replaced w/ 2001 after 20 days; adriamycin is doxorubicin HCl.

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20. BMS-191563

P4759 Muthalif,M.M, Benter,I.F., Khandekar,Z, Gaber,L, Estes,A, Malik,S, Parmentier,J.-H, Manne,V, Malik,K.U. Contribution of Ras GPase/MAP kinase and cytochrome P450 metabolites to deoxycorticosterone-salt-induced hypertension.. Hypertension 2000; 35(-part 2-):457-463. >>> FPT III; BMS-191563; PD-98059; IP; Rat; 2ML1; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (uninephrectomy); cardiovascular; antihypertensive; enzyme inhibitor; FPT III and BMS-191563 are Ras farnesyl transferase enzyme inhibitors; PD-98059 is an MEK enzyme inhibitor; MEK is MAP (mean arterial pressure) kinase kinase inhibitor;.

P4758 Muthalif,M.M, Karzoun,N.A, Gaber,L, Khandekar,Z, Benter,I.F., Saeed,A.E, Parmentier,J.-H, Estes,A, Malik,K.U. Contribution of Ras GTPase/Mitogen-activated protein kinase and cytochrome P450 metabolites.. Hypertension 2000; 36(--):604-609. >>> Angiotensin II; FPT III; BMS-191563;; Acetic acid;; IP;; rat;; 6 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (graph p. 605); antihypertensive; enzyme inhibitor; FPT III and BMS - 191563 are Ras farnesyl transferase inhibitors infused along with Angiotensin II; Acetic acid vehicle was 0.001 N..

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21. BVT.2733

P5736 Alberts,P., Engblom,L., Edling,N., Forsgren,M., Klingstrom,G., Larsson,C., Ronquist-Nii,Y., Ohman,B., Abrahmsen,L. Selective inhibition of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 decreases blood glucose concentrations in hyperglycaemic mice. Diabetologia 2002; 45(-11-):1528-1532. >>> BVT.2733; Cyclodextrin, 2-beta-hydroxypropl- (molecusol); SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Functionality of mp verified by BVT.2733 plasma levels, p.1530; BVT.2733 is an enzyme inhibitor (11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehdrogenase type I).

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22. Bafilomycin A1

P3388 Sundquist,K., Larson,E.K., Marks Jr,S.C. Altering tooth eruption by blocking bone resorption - the local delivery of bafilomycin A1. Connective Tissue Res. 1995; 32(-1-4-):159-163. >>> Bafilomycin A1; DMSO; Saline; bone; dog; 2002; no duration posted; contralateral controls received mp w/vehicle; tissue perfusion (bone crypts of mandibular fourth molar).

P3359 Marks Jr,S.C., Sundquist,K.T. Bafilomycin A1 in bone resorption and tooth eruption in dogs. Eur.J.Oral Sci. 1995; 103(--):231-235. >>> Bafilomycin A1; DMSO; Saline; bone; dog; 1, 3, 4 weeks; tissue perfusion (bone crypts of mandibular fourth molar); pumps replaced at 2 weeks.

P2976 Sundquist,K.T., Marks Jr,S.C. Bafilomycin A1 inhibits bone resorption and tooth eruption in vivo. J.Bone and Min.Res. 1994; 9(-10-):1575-1582. >>> Bafilomycin A1; DMSO; Saline; bone; dog; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ vehicle or no treatment; tissue perfusion (bone crypts of mandibular fourth molar); stability verified in vitro for 2 weeks at 37 degrees C; enzyme inhibitor; dogs given prophylactic im penicillin for first postoperative week; local infusion used because systemic delivery may cause lethal side effects; bafilomycin A1 is a specific inhibitor of vacuolar H+-ATPases.

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23. Benzylguanine, 06

P7702 Guarnieri,M., Biser-Rohrbaugh,A., Tyler,B.M., Gabikian,P., Bunton,T.E., Wu,Q.Z., Weingart,J., Carson Sr,B.S. Toxicity of intracranial and intraperitoneal O6-benzyl guanine in combination with BCNU delivered locally in a mouse model. Cancer Chemother.Pharmacol. 2002/11; 50(-5-):392-396. >>> Benzylguanine, 06-; Propylene glycol; ethanol; IP; CSF/CNS (parietal lobe); Mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; dose-response (table 2); comparison of IP injection vs. mp; stability verified by 14 days at 37 C, UV spectra analysis; good methods (p. 393); cancer (glioma brain); toxicology; animal info (female, BALB/C, 6-12 weeks old); 10% ETOH.

P4297 Kreklau,E.L., Kurpad,C., Williams,D.A., Erickson,L.C. Prolonged inhibition of O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase in human tumor cells by O6-benzylguanine in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1999; 291(-3-):1269-1275. >>> Benzylguanine, 06-;; PEG 400; PBS;; SC;; mice (NOD/SCID);; 1003D;; 24 hours;; controls received mp w/ vehicle; cancer; "The four groups were comprised of control animals and those implanted s.c. w/ one, two, three Alzet pumps... per mouse" (p. 1270); enzyme inhibitor;.

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24. Bromphenacyl Bromide, 4

P2767 Nakamura,S. Effects of phospholipase a2 inhibitors on the antidepressant-induced axonal regeneration of noradrengeric locus coeruleus neurons. Microscopy Res.and Tech. 1994; 29(--):204-210. >>> Desipramine HCl; Mepacrine HCl; Bromphenacyl bromide, 4-; Saline; DMSO; CSF/CNS (cortex); rat; 2002; >2 weeks; antidepressant; mepacrine and 4-bromphenacyl bromide are phospholipase a2 inhibitors; 2 pumps implanted: one delivered just desipramine to one hemisphere, while the other infused desipramine and pla2 inhibitors to the other hemisphere.

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25. Buthionine Sulfoximine

P8236 Lecanu,L., Greeson,J., Papadopoulos,V. Beta-amyloid and oxidative stress jointly induce neuronal death, amyloid deposits, gliosis, and memory impairment in the rat brain. Pharmacology 2006; 76(-1-):19-33. >>> Amyloid protein, beta 42; ferrous sulfate; buthionine sulfoximine; CSF, artificial; water, distilled; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; stability verified by 14 days in mp at 37 C; animal info (male, Long-Evans, 3-4 month old, 300-325 grams); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease).

P4244 Hu,B.H., McFadden,S.L., Salvi,R.J., Henderson,D. Intracochlear infusion of buthionine sulfoximine potentiates carboplatin ototoxicity in the chinchilla. Hear.Res. 1999; 128(--):125-134. >>> Sulfoximine, L,S-buthionine; Hank's solution; ear (cochlea); chinchilla; 2ML4; 14 days; good methods (p. 127); "BSO infusion itself caused no long-term functional or morphological changes." (p. 125); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P2913 Malaker,K., Hurwitz,S.J., Bump,E.A., Griffith,O.W., Lai,L.L., Riese,N., Coleman,C.N. Pharmacodynamics of prolonged treatment with L,S-buthionine sulfoximine. Int.J.Radiat.Oncol.Biol.Phys. 1994; 29(-2-):407-412. >>> Sulfoximine, L,S-buthionine; SC; mice (nude); no duration posted; agent is a glutathione depletor; cancer.

P3757 Somfai-Relle,S., Suzukake,K., Vistica,B.P., Vistica,D.T. Reduction in cellular glutathione by buthionine sulfoximine and sensitization of murine tumor cells resistant to L-phenylalanine mustard. Biochem.Pharmacol. 1984; 33(-3-):485-490. >>> Sulfoximine, DL-buthionine-S,R-; PBS; IP; mice; 2001; no duration posted; comparison of injections vs. mp; sulfoximine is an enzyme inhibitor; cancer; immunology.

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26. CGP-29287

P1622 Wood,J.M., Jobber,R.A., Baum,H.-P., de Gasparo,M., Nussberger,J. Biochemical effects of prolonged renin inhibition in marmosets. J.Hypertens. 1989; 7(-8-):615-618. >>> CGP-29287; Methylcellulose; Saline; IP; monkey (marmoset); 2002; 7 days; dose-response; CGP-29287 is a renin inhibitor.

P1292 Wood,J.M., Baum,H.-P., Jobber,R.A., Neisius,D. Sustained reduction in blood pressure during chronic administration of a renin inhibitor to normotensive marmosets. J.Cardiovasc.Pharmacol. 1987; 10(-7-):S96-S98. >>> CGP-29287; IP; monkey (marmoset); 2002; 14 days; dose-response; only high dose affected bp; mp removed after delivery.

P1114 Wood,J.M., Jobber,R.A., Baum,H.-P., Hofbauer,K.G. Comparison of chronic inhibition of renin and converting enzyme in the marmoset. Clin.and Exper.-Theory and Practice 1987; A9(-2/3-):337-343. >>> CGS-14831; CGP-29287; Saline; IP; monkey; 2002; 7 days; CGS-14831 is a convert. enzyme inhibitor; CGP-29287 is a renin inhibitor; controls received 3 mps w/saline; 2 experiments; limited solubility of CGP-29287 necessitated use of 3 mp's for infusion.

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27. CGP-40215A

P3645 Bacchi,C.J., Brun,R., Croft,S.L., Alicea,K., Buhler,Y. In vivo trypanocidal activities of new S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase inhibitors. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. 1996; 40(-6-):1448-1453. >>> CGP-40215A; Water, distilled; SC; mice; 2001; 2002; no duration posted; comparison of daily IP injections vs. mp; CGP 40215A is an antiparasitic and a bicyclic analog of methylglyoxal bis (guanylhydrazone) (MGBG); agent inhibits polyamine synthesis enzyme.

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28. CGS-14831

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29. CGS-15855A

P1291 Altar,C.A., Berner,B., Beall,P., Carlsen,S.F., Boyar,W.C. Dopamine release and metabolism after chronic delivery of selective or nonselective dopamine autoreceptor agonists. Mol.Pharmacol. 1988; 33(--):690-695. >>> CGS-15855A; Apomorphine; Dopamine, antagonists; Ascorbic acid; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 2, 14 days; comparison of ip injections vs. mp infusion; functionality of mp verified by serum, brain levels; stability verified at 14 days by HPLC.

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30. CGS-22652

P2678 Boussairi,E.H., Sacquet,J., Benzoni,D., Sassard,J. Blood pressure effects of thromboxane A2 blockade in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin.Exp.Pharmacol.Physiol. 1993; 20(--):679-687. >>> CGS-22652; DMSO; Sodium hydroxide; SC; rat; 2002; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of oral administration, sc injections and mp; stability verified by preliminary study; CGS 22652 is a thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor and TxA2 prostaglandin H2 receptor.

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31. CGS-26303

P7315 Emoto,N., Raharjo,S.B., Isaka,D., Masuda,S., Adiarto,S., Jeng,A.Y., Yokoyama,M. Dual ECE/NEP inhibition on cardiac and neurohumoral function during the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure in rats. Hypertension 2005; 45(-6-):1145-1152. >>> CGS-24592; CGS-26303; temocapril; NaHCO3; SC; Rat; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (ACE, Neutral endopeptidase, ECE); antihypertensive.

P5255 Tikkanen,I., Tikkanen,T., Cao,Z., Allen,T.J., Davis,B.J., Lassila,M., Casley,D., Johnston,C.I., Burrell,L.M., Cooper,M.E. Combined inhibition of neutral endopeptidase with angiotensin converting enzyme or endothelin converting enzyme in experimental diabetes. J Hypertens 2002/4; 20(-4-):707-714. >>> CGS-26303; Rat; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality verified by CGS-26303 plasma levels; antihypertensive; enzyme inhibitor; CGS-26303 is a combined neutral endopeptidase inhibitor and endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor.

P5127 Pham,D., Jeng,A.Y., Plante,S., Escher,E., Battistini,B. Inhibition of endothelin-converting enzyme for protection against neointimal proliferation following balloon angioplasty of the rat carotid artery. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2002; 80(--):450-457. >>> CGS-26303; CGS-24592; CGS-26393; Sodium hydroxide; Sodium carbonate; IP; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma drug levels; dose-response (p. 454); cardiovascular; enzyme inhibitors (neutral endopeptidase, endothelin-converting enzyme).

P4698 Feldman,D.L, Mogelesky,T.C, Chou,M., Jeng,A.Y. Attenuation of puromycin aminonucleoside-induced glomerular lesions in rats by CGS 26303, a dual neutral endopeptidase/endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor.. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 2000; 36(-Suppl. 1-):S342-S345. >>> CGS-26303; Sodium bicarbonate; SC; Rat; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; CGS 26303 is an endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ECE).

P3435 Caner,H.H., Kwan,A.L., Arthur,A., Jeng,A.Y., Lappe,R.W., Kassell,N.F., Lee,K.S. Systemic administration of an inhibitor of endothelin-converting enzyme for attenuation of cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. J.Neurosurg. 1996; 85(--):917-922. >>> CGS-26303; Sodium bicarbonate buffer; IP; Rabbit; 2ML1; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ vehicle; CGS 26303 is an endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor; 4 pumps implanted in each animal.

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32. CGS 27023A

P4285 Prescott,M.F., Sawyer,W.K., Von Linden-Reed,J., Jeune,M., Chou,M., Caplan,S.L., Jeng,A.Y. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase inhibition on progression of atherosclerosis and aneurysm in LDL receptor-deficient mice overexpressing MMP-3, MMP-12, and MMP-13 and on restenosis in rats after balloon injury. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1999/6/30; 878(--):179-190. >>> CGS 27023A;; DMSO; SC;; rat;; 2ML2; 2ML4;; 9-47 days; cardiovascular; enzyme Inhibitor; CGS 27023A is an orally active hydroxamic acid matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor.

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33. CP-690550

P8819 Kudlacz,E., Conklyn,M., Andresen,C., Whitney-Pickett,C., Changelian,P. The JAK-3 inhibitor CP-690550 is a potent anti-inflammatory agent in a murine model of pulmonary eosinophilia. European Journal of Pharmacology 2008; 582(-1-3-):154-161. >>> CP-690550; Water, distilled; ethanol; SC; Mice; 2001; 2002; 3, 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma agent levels; dose-response (Fig. 6); enzyme inhibitor (Janus Kinase 3 (JAK-3)); animal info (female, Balb/c wt, IL-4 -/-, 4-6 wks old); 5% EtOH used.

P6672 Kudlacz,E., Perry,B., Sawyer,P., Conklyn,M., McCurdy,S., Brissette,W., Flanagan,M., Changelian,P. The novel JAK-3 inhibitor CP-690550 is a potent immunosuppressive agent in various murine models. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION 2004; 4(-1-):51-57. >>> CP-690550; PEG 300; ethanol; water; SC; Mice; 2002; 2004; 21,28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; agent is a small molecule inhibitor of JAK-3; enzyme inhibitor (Jak3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor); Immunosuppressant.

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34. Calphostin C

P7899 Almela,P., Cerezo,M., Milanes,M.V., Laorden,M.L. Role of PKC in regulation of Fos and TH expression after naloxone induced morphine withdrawal in the heart. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2006; 372(-5-):374-382. >>> Calphostin C; Water, Milli-Q; DMSO; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 378); enzyme inhibitor (protein kinase c); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 220-240g.); mp primed 5 hours in 37 celsius saline; 0.06% DMSO; "Animals infused with calphostin c showed no untoward effects: their weights were equivalent to those of vehicle injected groups, and the rats showed no behavioural changes." (pg.378).

P7499 Benavides,M., Laorden,M.L., Marin,M.T., Milanes,M.V. Role of PKC-alpha, gamma isoforms in regulation of c-Fos and TH expression after naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal in the hypothalamic PVN and medulla oblongata catecholaminergic cell groups. Journal of Neurochemistry 2005; 95(-5-):1249-1258. >>> Calphostin C; DMSO; water; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 220-240 g); agent is a selective PKC inhibitor; 0.06% DMSO used.

P5457 Cerezo,M., Laorden,A.L., Milanes,A.V. Inhibition of protein kinase C but not protein kinase A attenuates morphine withdrawal excitation of rat hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. European Journal of Pharmacology 2002; 452(-1-):57-66. >>> HA-1004; calphostin C; Water, sterile; DMSO; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor; HA-1004 is a protein kinase A - selective inhibitor; calphostin-C is a protein kinase C - selective inhibitor.

P4570 Chen,C-L, Chen,H., Zhu,D-M, Uckun,F.M. Quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography-based detection method for calphostin C, a naturally occurring perylenequinone with potent antileukemic activity.. Journal of Chromatography B 1999; 724(--):157-162. >>> Calphostin C;; DMSO; Tween 80; PBS;; mice;; 1007D;; 7 days;; functionality of mp verified by in vitro incubation and HPLC analysis; cancer; enzyme inhibitor (protein kinase C inhibitor);.

P2315 Hermenegildo,C., Felipo,V., Minana,M.-D., Romero,F.J., Grisolia,S. Sustained recovery of Na+-K+-ATPase activity in sciatic nerve of diabetic mice by administration of H7 or calphostin C, inhibitors of PKC. Diabetes 1993; 42(--):257-262. >>> H7; Calphostin C; DMSO; Water; SC; mice; 3,7,10 or 14 days; controls were nondiabetic mice and untreated diabetic mice; comparison of bolus ip injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 259,260); enzyme inhibitor; calphostin C and H7 are PKC inhibitors; "treatment [w/ mp] did not produce any untoward effect nor affect the blood glucose levels." (pg. 260); H7 is unstable after 4 hours; Calphostin C is stable for 2 weeks.

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35. Candoxatrilat

P2519 Zhao,L., Hughes,J.M.B., Winter,R.J.D. Reversal of pulmonary vascular remodelling following hypoxic exposure: no effect of infusion of atrial natriuretic factor and neutral endopeptidase inhibitor. Cardiovasc.Res. 1994; 28(--):519-523. >>> Atrial natriuretic factor; Candoxatrilat; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 7,14 days; enzyme inhibitor; candoxatrilat also called UK 73,967 and neutral endopeptidase 24.11 inhibitor; peptides.

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36. DMAG, 17-

P8635 Milkiewicz,M., Doyle,J.L., Fudalewski,T., Ispanovic,E., Aghasi,M., Haas,T.L. HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha play a central role in stretch-induced but not shear-stress-induced angiogenesis in rat skeletal muscle. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON 2007; 583(-2-):753-766. >>> DMAG, 17-; Dextrose, sterile; SC; IM (extensor digitorum longus); Rat; 2002; 7, 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (Hsp 90); post op. care (butorphanol); ischemia (muscle); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 200-250g); agent also known as NSC 707545, a geldanamycin derivative.

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37. DMPPO

P4231 Eddahibi,S., Raffestin,B., Le Monnier de Gouville,A.-C., Adnot,S. Effect of DMPPO, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats. Br.J.Pharmacol. 1998; 125(--):681-688. >>> DMPPO; PEG; Saline; Dimethylacetamide, N-N-; IV (jugular); rat; 2002; 15 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor.

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38. Donepezil

P8796 Van Dam,D., Coen,K., De Deyn,P.P. Cognitive evaluation of disease-modifying efficacy of donepezil in the APP23 mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. Psychopharmacology 2008; 197(-1-):37-43. >>> Donepezil, HCL; Saline; IP; Mice (transgenic); 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; good methods (pg. 39); enzyme inhibitor (acetyl cholinesterase); animal info (transgenic APP23); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease).

P8363 Potier,B., Jouvenceau,A., Epelbaum,J., Dutar,P. Age-related alterations of GABAergic input to CA1 pyramidal neurons and its control by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat hippocampus. Neuroscience 2006; 142(-1-):187-201. >>> Donepezil; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 30 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; enzyme inhibitor (cholinesterase); animal info (Sprague-Dawley, 3-4 or 25-28 months old).

R0189 Woodruff-Pak,D.S., Lander,C., Geerts,H. Nicotinic cholinergic modulation: Galantamine as a prototype. CNS DRUG REVIEWS 2002; 8(-4-):405-426. >>> Donepezil; galantamine; Rat; 35 days; Enzyme inhibitor (acetyl cholinesterase); aricept; reminyl; p. 410, 414.

P5354 Luine,V.N., Mohan,G., Tu,Z., Efange,S.M.N. Chromaproline and Chromaperidine, nicotine agonists, and Donepezil, cholinesterase inhibitor, enhance performance of memory tasks in ovariectomized rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 2002; 74(-1-):213-220. >>> Donepezil; chromaproline; chromaperidine; SC; Rat; 2002; 11, 25 days; Controls received empty gelatin capsules similar size and shape as pumps from Lilly; pumps replaced after 2 wks; enzyme inhibitor; chromaproline and chromaperidine are nicotinic agonists; donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; behavioral testing.

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39. Doxorubicin

P7394 Guarnieri,M., Carson,B.S., Khan,A., Penno,M., Jallo,G.I. Flexible versus rigid catheters for chronic administration of exogenous agents into central nervous system tissues. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 2005; 144(-2-):147-152. >>> Doxorubicin; carboblatin; Dextrose solution; saline; CSF/CNS (parenchyma); Rat; 2001; ; Animal info (F, Fischer, 220 g); Functionality of mp verified by pump examination, post infusion; stability verified by previous studies, 14 days; good methods (p. 148); cancer (glioma); brain tissue distribution; Plastics One cannula used (stainless steel); "replacement of rigid infusion tubes [cannulae] with flexible tubing increases the reliability of local CNS drug infusions. Rigid catheters [cannulae] may allow backflow of the infused drug along the path of the catheters into the subdural space." (P. 147).

P7120 Khan,A., Jallo,G.I, Liu,Y.J, Carson,B.S., Guarnieri,M. Infusion rates and drug distribution in brain tumor models in rats. Journal of Neurosurgery (Pediatrics 1) 2005; 102(--):53-58. >>> Carboplatin; doxorubicin; transferrin-doxorubicin; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2ML1; 2001; 7 days; Cancer (glioma, gliosarcoma); brain tissue distribution; CNS infusion rate study; "...the use of long-term intratumoral infusions significantly increase survival in comparison with bolus injections and conventional systemic treatments." P. 53; flexible tipped cannula components were from Plastics One; in some cases the tubing/cannula were left empty after implantation to allow the tissue to seal before fluid flow.

P6033 Boengler,K., Pipp,F., Fernandez,B., Ziegelhoeffer,T., Schaper,W., Deindl,E. Arteriogenesis is associated with an induction of the cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (carp). Cardiovascular Research 2003; 59(-3-):573-581. >>> Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; doxorubicin; transforming growth factor-B1; IA (femoral); Rabbit; 2ML1; 24 hours; Cardiovascular.

P5729 Boengler,K., Pipp,F., Fernandez,B., Richter,A., Schaper,W., Deindl,E. The ankyrin repeat containing SOCS box protein 5: a novel protein associated with arteriogenesis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2003; 302(-1-):17-22. >>> Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; Transforming Growth Factor-B; Doxorubicin; IA (femoral); Rabbit; 2ML1; 24 hours; Cardiovascular; peptides; MCP-1 is monocyte chemoattractant protein 1.

R0221 Frydman,B., Basu,H.S. Prostate-specific antigen: a diagnostic marker and a tool for targeted delivery of drugs to prostate tumours. Expert Opin.Ther.Parents 2002; 12(-7-):1035-1046. >>> Doxorubicin, heptapeptide conjugate; Mice (nude); 10 days; Cancer (prostate); ALZET pumps mentioned on pg. 1039.

P2389 Slate,D.L., Fraser-Smith,E.B., Rosete,J.D., Freitas,V.R., Kim,Y.N., Casey,S.M. Modulation of doxorubicin efficacy in P388 leukemia following co-administration of verapamil in mini-osmotic pumps. Invivo 1993; 7(--):519-524. >>> Doxorubicin; Verapamil; PBS; IP; mice; 2001; 7 days; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; dose-response (table, p. 520); comparison of i.p. injections vs. mp; cancer; authors used ALZET pumps to "..mimic prolonged i.v. coadministration in the clinic and to compare the efficacy and toxicity of this delivery scheme with more traditional bolus i.p. regimens.".

P2007 Rodgers,K.E., Girgis,W., diZerega,G.S. Effect of tolmetin sodium dihydrate on adhesion formation by intraperitoneal administration of antineoplastic agents. Cancer Chemother.Pharmacol. 1992; 29(--):248-251. >>> Doxorubicin HCl; Mitoxantrone; Tolmetin sodium; Bleomycin; Cisplatin; Methotrexate; PBS; IP; rat; 2ML1; 7 days; Antibiotic; cancer; no stress (see p249).

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40. Dutasteride

P8636 Shao,T.C., Li,H., Ittmann,M., Cunningham,G.R. Effects of dutasteride on prostate growth in the large probasin-large T antigen mouse model of prostate cancer. Journal of Urology 2007; 178(-4-):1521-1527. >>> Dutasteride; DMSO; PEG 400; SC; Mice (transgenic); 2004; 4, 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of oral admin. vs. mp; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; no stress (see pg. 1522); enzyme inhibitor (5a-reductase); cancer (prostate); animal info (male, LPB-Tag, tg, wt, 6-7 and 10-11 wks old); 40% DMSO; "Dutasteride greatly decreased prostate tumor growth... without significant negative effects." p. 1526.

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41. E-64

P8142 Iores-Marcal,L.M., Viel,T.A., Buck,H.S., Nunes,V.A., Gozzo,A.J., Cruz-Silva,I., Miranda,A., Shimamoto,K., Ura,N., Araujo,M.S. Bradykinin release and inactivation in brain of rats submitted to an experimental model of Alzheimer's disease. Peptides 2006; 27(-12-):3363-3369. >>> Amyloid protein, beta (1-40), human; E-64; HEPES; E-64; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; brain tissue distribution; peptides; animal info (male, Wistar, 3 mo. old); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); cathepsin B inhibitor.

P6627 Doh-ura,K., Ishikawa,K., Murakami-Kubo,I., Sasaki,K., Mohri,S., Race,R., Iwaki,T. Treatment of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy by intraventricular drug infusion in animal models. JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY 2004; 78(-10-):4999-5006. >>> Quinacrine; chloroquine; amphotericin B; E-64d; pentosan polysulfate; PBS; water, distilled; DMSO; SC; CSF/CNS; Rat; mice; dog; 2 months; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 2); no stress (see pg. 5004); stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 5002) PPS at highest dose (20mg/kg/day) showed hemorrhage in the SC area surrounding the mp; enzyme inhibitor (cysteine protease [E-64d]); 25% DMSO for E-64d.

P4944 Layton,G.T., Harris,S.J., Bland,F.A., Lee,S.R., Fearn,S., Kaleta,J., Wood,M.L., Bond,A., Ward,G. Therapeutic effects of cysteine protease inhibition in allergic lung inflammation: Inhibition of allergen-specific T lymphocyte migration. INFLAMMATION RESEARCH 2001; 50(--):400-408. >>> E-64; DMSO; Water; SC; mice; 2001; 7 days; functionality of mp verified by lung tissue protease levels; immunology; enzyme inhibitor; E64 is a cysteine protease inhibitor; vehicle was 50% DMSO, 50% water..

P4382 Conway,J.G., Trexler,S.J., Wakefield,J.A., Marron,B.E., Emerson,D.L., Bickett,D.M., Deaton,D.N., Garrison,D., Elder,M., McElroy,A., Willmott,N., Dockerty,A.J.P., McGeehan,G.M. Effect of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors on tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis. Clin.Exp.Metastasis 1996; 14(--):115-124. >>> E-64; GI168; GI173; GI179; GI184;; DMSO; Saline; EtOH; Buffer, sodium citrate; Tappsol HPB-20;; SC;; mice;; 2001; 2002;; 2, 7, 14 days;; controls received mp w/ vehicle; cancer; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors; mice received 2 pumps each; enzyme inhibitors.

P3263 Karran,E.H., Dodgson,K., Harris,S.J., Markwell,R.E., Harper,G.P. A simple in vivo model of collagen degradation using collagen-gelled cotton buds: the effects of collagenase inhibitors and other agents. Inflamm.Res. 1995; 44(--):36-46. >>> Collagenase inhibitor A; Collagenase inhibitor B; Collagenase inhibitor C; tempol; Superoxide dismutase-PEG; Cytochalasin B; Pepstatin; APMSF; TLCK; SBTI; Leupeptin; E-64; Methylamine; SC; Rat; 2001; 2ML1; 7 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; no stress (see pg. 39); immunology; pumps connected with catheter tubing to 14C-collagen-gelled cotton buds.

P2096 Redwood,S.M., Liu,B.C.S., Weiss,R.E., Hodge,D.E., Droller,M.J. Abrogation of the invasion of human bladder tumor cells by using protease inhibitor(s). Cancer 1992; 69(-5-):1212-1219. >>> E-64; PBS; IV (jugular); mice (nude); no duration posted; cancer; immunology; enzyme inhibitor (cysteine protease).

P0943 Tamai,M., Matsumoto,K., Omura,S., Koyama,I., Ozawa,Y., Hanada,K. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of cysteine proteinases by est, a new analog of E-64. J.Pharmacobiodyn. 1986; 9(-8-):672-677. >>> E-64; EST; IP; rat; no duration posted; muscular dystrophy; refers to previous work done w/mp only; E-64 and EST are cysteine protease inhibitors.

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42. Ethylisourea, S

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43. Etodolac

P4989 Kollman-Bauerly,K.A., Thomas,D.L., Adrian,T.E., Lien,E.L., Vanderhoof,J.A. The role of eicosanoids in the process of adaptation following massive bowel resection in the rat. JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION 2001; 25(--):275-281. >>> Etodolac; Guaiaretic acid, nordihydro-; DMSO; SC; rat; 2002; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; etodolac is a cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX II) enzyme inhibitor administered by 2002 pump in 70% DMSO vehicle; Eicosanoids; Nordihydroguaiaretic acid is a lipoxygenase inhibitor administered in 2ML2 pump in 70% DMSO vehicle..

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44. Etoposide

P5213 Peng,D., Qian,C., Sun,Y., Barajas,M.A., Prieto,J. Transduction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using recombinant adeno- associated virus (rAAV): in vitro and in vivo effects of genotoxic agents. J Hepatol. 2000/6; 32(-6-):975-985. >>> Etoposide; IP; Rat; 1 week; Functionality of mp verified by measuring etoposide concentration in tumor tissue; cancer; etoposide (VP-16) is a chemotherapeutic agent.

P2546 de Haan,G., Engel,C., Dontje,B., Loeffler,M., Nijhof,W. Hemotoxicity by prolonged etoposide administration to mice can be prevented by simultaneous growth factor therapy. Cancer Res. 1995; 55(--):324-329. >>> Erythropoietin; Colony-stimulating factor, G; Etoposide; SC; mice; 7 days; dose-response curves (pg. 326-328); cancer; peptides; etoposide is VP-16-213; EPO and VP-16-213 given in same pump initially, but this inactived the G-CSF; multiple pumps per animal (1-2) for G-CSF/VP-16 mice.

P2305 Claessen,A.M.E., Bloemena,E., Bril,H., Meijer,C.J.L.M., Scheper,R.J. Locoregional administration of etoposide, but not of interleukin 2, facilitates active specific immunization in guinea pigs with advanced carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1992; 52(--):2440-2446. >>> Interleukin-2; Etoposide; SC; guinea-pig; 2001; 2002; 1 and 2 weeks; comparison of local injections vs. mp (table, p. 2442); cancer.

P1471 Claessen,A.M., Valster,H., Bril,H., Meyer,S., Scheper,R.J. Cell-mediated immunity is enhanced by cytostatic drugs continuously released at the site of antigenic stimulation. Cancer Immunol.Immunother. 1989; 28(--):131-135. >>> Etoposide; Fluorouracil, 5-; SC; guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; comparison of sc injections vs. mp infusion; cancer/immunology; VP-16-213 is etoposide.

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45. FPT III

P6396 Benter,I.F., Juggi,J.S., Khan,I., Akhtar,S. Inhibition of Ras-GTPase, but not tyrosine kinases or Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, improves recovery of cardiac function in the globally ischemic heart. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY 2004; 259(-1-2-):35-42. >>> FPT III; KN-93; Genistein; Saline; IP; Rat; 2ML1; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (tyrosine kinase, CaMKII); cardiovascular; ischemia (cardiac).

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46. Fadrozole

P6744 Hoyk,Z., Parducz,A., Garcia-Segura,L.M. Dehydroepiandrosterone regulates astroglia reaction to denervation of olfactory glomeruli. Glia 2004; 48(-3-):207-216. >>> Fadrozole; Sodium chloride; SC; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (aromatase).

P6375 Tamada,H., Shimizu,Y., Inaba,T., Kawate,N., Sawada,T. The effects of the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole hydrochloride on fetuses and uteri in late pregnant rats. Journal of Endocrinology 2004; 180(-2-):337-345. >>> Fadrozole, hydrochloride; Saline; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; FAD plasma levels taken; teratology.

P6708 Huddleston,G.G., Michael,R.P., Zumpe,D., Clancy,A.N. Estradiol in the male rat amygdala facilitates mounting but not ejaculation. PHYSIOLOGY&BEHAVIOR 2003; 79(-2-):239-246. >>> Fadrozole; Saline; SC; Rat; 2004; 8 weeks; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume; long-term study; pumps replaced after 26 days; enzyme inhibitor (aromatase); post op. care (penicillin, banamine); fadrozole is also termed CGS-15949A.

P5903 McCullough,L.D., Blizzard,K., Simpson,E.R., Oez,O.K., Hurn,P.D. Aromatase cytochrome P450 and extragonadal estrogen play a role in ischemic neuroprotection. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-25-):8701-8705. >>> Fadrozole; Saline; SC; Mice (transgenic); 2002; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; fadrozole is a selective aromatose inhibitor; ischemia (cerebral).

P6710 Tamada,H., Mizuta,Y., Kawate,N., Inaba,T., Sawada,T. Delayed implantation induced by fadrozole hydrochloride in rats. Contraception 2003; 68(-1-):65-68. >>> Fadrozole HCL; Saline; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (aromatase); teratology.

P4889 Fusani,L., Gahr,M., Hutchison,J.B. Aromatase inhibition reduces specifically one display of the ring dove courtship behavior. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2001; 122(--):23-30. >>> Fadrozole; Saline; SC; bird (pigeon); 1007D; 6 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma androgen and estrogen levels, residual volume; enzyme inhibitor; fadrozole is a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor; plasma androstenedione, 5a-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, estrone, 17B -estradiol level:. Aromatase operates on these compounds, indicates aromatase activity..

P4660 Cooper,T.T, Clancy,A.N., Karom,M, Moore,T.O, Albers,H.E. Conversion of testosterone to estradiol may not be necessary for the expression of mating behavior in male Syrian hamsters.. Hormones and Behavior 2000; 37(--):237-245. >>> Fadrozole;; Saline;; SC;; hamster;; 2004; 2002;; 8 weeks;; Controls received empty mp; functionality of mp verified by weighing residual fluid; long-term study, pumps replaced every 2 or 4 weeks; enzyme inhibitor (nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor);.

P3821 Vagell,V.E., McGinnis,M.Y. The role of aromatization in the restoration of male rat reproductive behavior. J.Neuroendocrinology 1997; 9(--):415-421. >>> Fadrozole HCI; Propylene glycol; ETOH; CSF/CNS; rat; 2002; 14 days; controls received propylene glycol.

P2659 Clancy,A.N., Zumpe,D., Michael,R.P. Intracerebral infusion of an aromatase inhibitor, sexual behavior and brain estrogen receptor-like immunoreactivity in intact male rats. Neuroendocrinology 1995; 61(--):98-111. >>> Fadrozole; Saline; SC; CSF/CNS (cerebral cortex); CSF/CNS (lateral preoptic area); CSF/CNS (medial preoptic area); rat; 2002; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ saline or no operation; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; long-term study, pumps replaced every 10-14 days; bilateral delivery via Y-connector; 2 pumps implanted concomitantly--1 for sc delivery, and one for delivery to the brain.

P2974 Selvaraj,N., Bhatnagar,A.S., Moudgal,N.R. Is there a role for estrogen in follicular maturation in the primate?. Endocrine 1995; 3(--):245-249. >>> Fadrozole HCI; Saline; monkey; 2002; 11 days; controls received mp with saline.

P3385 Shetty,G., Bhatnagar,A.S., Moudgal,N.R. Blockade of estrogen synthesis with an aromatase inhibitor affects luteal function of the pseudopregnant rat. J.Steroid Biochem.Molec.Biol. 1995; 55(-3/4-):347-353. >>> Fadrozole HCI; Estradiol-3-benzoate; SC; rat; 2002; 3 days; no comment posted.

P2658 Clancy,A.N., Michael,R.P. Effects of testosterone and aromatase inhibition on estrogen receptor-like immunoreactivity in male rat brain. Neuroendocrinology 1994; 59(--):552-560. >>> Fadrozole; Water; SC; rat; 2002; no duration posted; Fadrazole is a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor; rats received benzathine&procaine penicillin G im, prophylactically.

P2973 Selvaraj,N., Shetty,G., Vijayalakshmi,K., Bhatnagar,A.S., Moudgal,N.R. Effect of blocking oestrogen synthesis with a new generation aromatase inhibitor CGS 16949A on follicular maturation induced by pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin in the immature rat. J.Endocrinol. 1994; 142(--):563-570. >>> Fadrozole HCI; Saline; rat; 2002; no duration posted; controls received mp with saline.

P3081 Zumpe,D., Michael,R.P. Combined effects of Depo-Provera and fadrozole on the sexual behavior of intact male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Physiol.Behav. 1994; 56(-4-):665-669. >>> Fadrozole; SC; monkey; 2ML4; 8 weeks; controls received mp with water; pumps replaced with opposite treatment (control or fadrozole) pump after 4 weeks; mp implanted in flank.

P2209 Zumpe,D., Bonsall,R.W., Michael,R.P. Effects of the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole, on the sexual behavior of male cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis). Horm.Behav. 1993; 27(--):200-215. >>> Fadrozole; Water; SC; monkey; 2ML4; 4,12 weeks; controls received mp/water; long-term study, pumps replaced every 3 weeks; stability verified by plasma levels; pumps implanted in flank.

P2208 Bonsall,R.W., Clancy,A.N., Michael,R.P. Effects of the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, fadrozole, on sexual behavior in male rats. Horm.Behav. 1992; 26(--):240-254. >>> Fadrozole; Water; SC; rat; 2002; 6 weeks; 14 days; controls received mp w/water; long-term study, pumps replaced every 14 days; stability verified by measuring residual solution in pumps; CGS 16949A is fadrozole.

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47. Fasudil

P8694 Ito,T., Ohtori,S., Hata,K., Inoue,G., Moriya,H., Takahashi,K., Yamashita,T. Rho kinase inhibitor improves motor dysfunction and hypoalgesia in a rat model of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Spine 2007; 32(-19-):2070-2075. >>> Fasudil hydrochloride hydrate; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Enzyme inhibitor (Rho-kinase); animal info (6 week, male, Sprague-Dawley, 200-250g); pain; silastic tubing used; neuroprotection.

P8286 Ying,H., Biroc,S.L., Li,W.W., Alicke,B., Xuan,J.A., Pagila,R., Ohashi,Y., Okada,T., Kamata,Y., Dinter,H. The Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil inhibits tumor progression in human and rat tumor models. MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS 2006; 5(-9-):2158-2164. >>> Fasudil; Saline; SC; Mice (nude); 21 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cancer (lung).

P6997 Wesselman,J.P.M., Kuijs,R., Hermans,J.J.R., Janssen,G.M.J., Fazzi,G.E., van Essen,H., Evelo,C.T.A., Struijker-Boudier,H.A.J., De Mey,J.G.R. Role of the Rhoa/Rho kinase system in flow-related remodeling of rat mesenteric small arteries in vivo. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH 2004; 41(-3-):277-290. >>> Fasudil; SC; Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ physiological saline; functionality of mp verified by fasudil and hydroxyfasudil plasma levels; enzyme inhibitor (rho kinase); cardiovascular.

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48. Finasteride

P3139 Tutrone Jr,R.F., Ball,R.A., Ornitz,D.M., Leder,P., Richie,J.P. Benign prostatic hyperplasia in a transgenic mouse: a hormonally responsive investigatory model. Urol.Repro.Biol. 1993; 149(-3-):697-700. >>> Testosterone; Finasteride; SC; mice; 30 days; controls received sham castration; replacement therapy (castration); enzyme inhibitor; finasteride is Proscar, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor.

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49. Fluoromethylhistidine, A

P5589 Langlais,P.J., McRee,R.C., Nalwalk,J.A., Hough,L.B. Depletion of brain histamine produces regionally selective protection against thiamine deficiency-induced lesions in the rat. METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE 2002; 17(-3-):199-210. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp with vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; "... this is the first report of the effectiveness of chronic ICV administration of FMH in depleting histamine and histidine decarboxylase activity within the thalamus." (p.206).

P5304 Fujiwara,K., Karasuyama,M., Murata,I., Tanabe,T., Yabuuchi,M., Inoue,Y., Tsuru,D. Immunoelectron-microscopic demonstration of histamine depletion in the gastric enterochromaffin-like cells of rats treated with alpha- fluoromethylhistidine. Cell Tissue Res 2001/11; 306(-2-):295-300. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 12 or 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology.

P3696 Andersson,K., Zhao,C.-M., Chen,D., Sundler,F., Hakanson,R. Effect of a-fluoromethylhistidine-evoked histamine depletion on ultrastructure of endocrine cells in acid-producing mucosa of stomach in mouse, rat and hamster. Cell Tissue Res. 1996; 286(--):375-384. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; SC; rat; mice; hamster; 2ML1; 1003D; 24 hours; controls received mp w/ saline; agent is histidine decarboxylase inhibitor; smaller pumps used in mice and hamsters.

P2168 Andersson,K., Chen,D., Hakanson,R., Mattsson,H., Sundler,F. Enterochromaffin-like cells in the rat stomach: effect of a-fluoromethylhistidine-evoked histamine depletion. Cell Tissue Res. 1992; 270(--):7-13. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 24 hours; enzyme inhibitor (histidine decarboxylase); pumps primed in saline at 37C for 4 hours.

P2067 Andersson,K., Hakanson,R., Mattsson,H., Ryberg,B., Sundler,F. Hyperplasia of histamine-depleted enterochromaffinlike cells in rat stomach using omeprazole and a-fluoromethylhistidine. Gastroenterology 1992; 103(--):897-904. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 6 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced every 6 days.

P2403 Orthen-Gambill,N., Salomon,M. FMH-induced decrease in central histamine levels produces increased feeding and body weight in rats. Physiol.Behav. 1992; 51(--):891-893. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 13 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor; a-fluoromethylhistidine inhibits histamine synthesis.

P0789 Krishna,A., Terranova,P.F., Matteri,R.L., Papkoff,H. Histamine and increased ovarian blood flow mediate LH-induced superovulation in the cyclic hamster. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1986; 76(-1-):23-29. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; Luteinizing hormone; Albumin, bovine serum; PBS; SC; hamster; 2001; 5 days; Multiple pumps per animal (2) in some groups-one pump per agent; comparison of fluromethylhistidine or cimetidine injections vs. mp infusion; peptides; ovine LH used.

P0648 Lagunoff,D., Ray,A., Rickard,A. Effect on mast cell histamine of inhibiting histamine formation in vivo with a-fluoromethylhistidine. Biochem.Pharmacol. 1985; 34(-8-):1205-1209. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; Balanced salt solution; SC; rat; 2001; 2ML2; 6 or 14 days; comparison of single iv injec vs. mp infusion.

P0333 Bouclier,M., Jung,M.J., Gerhart,F. Histamine receptor blockade (H2) versus inhibition of histamine synthesis in stress ulceration in rats. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1983; 90(--):129-132. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; IP; rat; 2001; 2 weeks; no comment posted.

P0906 Bouclier,M., Jung,M.J., Gerhart,F. Effect of prolonged inhibition of histidine decarboxylase on tissue histamine concentrations. Experientia 1983; 39(-11-):1303-1305. >>> Fluoromethylhistidine, a-; Water; IP; rat; 2001; 21 days; controls were sham operated; pumps replaced every 7 days; comparison of ip injection vs. ip mp infusion.

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50. Fluvastatin

P3443 Corsini,A., Bernini,F., Quarato,P., Donetti,E., Bellosta,S., Fumagalli,R., Paoletti,R., Soma,V.M.R. Non-lipid-related effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors. Cardiology 1996; 87(--):458-468. >>> Mevalonate; Fluvastatin; Saline, physiological; IP; perivascular (arterial collar); 5 days; tissue perfusion (lesion site-carotid collar); enzyme inhibitor (HMG-CoA reductase).

P3457 Soma,M.R., Parolini,C., Donetti,E., Fumagalli,R., Paoletti,R. Inhibition of isoprenoid biosynthesis and arterial smooth-muscle cell proliferation. J.Cardiovasc.Pharmacol. 1995; 25(-S 4-):S20-S24. >>> Mevalonate; Fluvastatin; IP; perivascular (arterial collar); rabbit; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ saline; tissue perfusion (carotid artery collar); cardiovascular; enzyme inhibitor (HMG-CoA reductase).

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51. H7

P5245 Tokuyama,S., Ho,I.K., Yamamoto,T. A protein kinase inhibitor, H-7, blocks naloxone-precipitated changes in dopamine and its metabolites in the brains of opioid-dependent rats. Brain Res Bull. 2000/7/15; 52(-5-):363-369. >>> Morphine; Butorphanol; H7; Saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor; dependence; H7 is a protein kinase C inhibitor; tygon tubing used; one week recovery period; guide cannula with stylet used to ensure patency; concomitant infusion of H7 and opioids performed by mixing agents in the same pump.

P4172 Tokuyama,S., Zhu,H., Wakabayashi,H., Feng,Y.Z., Ho,I.K. The role of glutamate in the locus coeruleus during opioid withdrawal and effects of H-7, a protein kinase inhibitor, on the action of glutamate in rats. J.Biomed.Sci. 1998; 5(--):45-53. >>> Morphine; Butorphanol; H7; Saline; CSF/CNS; rat; 2001; 3 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; cannula placement verified by presence of CSF; stylets were placed in guide cannula to maintain patency; one week recovery period; agents infused singly or concomitantly; dependence.

P3332 Tokuyama,S., Feng,Y., Wakabayashi,H., Ho,I.K. Possible involvement of protein kinases in physical dependence on opioids: studies using protein kinase inhibitors, H-7 and H-8. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1995; 284(--):101-107. >>> Morphine HCl; Butorphanol tartrate; H7; H8; CSF/CNS; rat; 2001; 3 days; controls received mp w/saline; dependence; stylet maintained cannula patency during 1 week recovery period; opioid&H7 or H8 given concomitantly.

P2981 Felipo,V., Minana,M.-D., Cabedo,H., Perez-Minguez,F., Llombart-Bosch,A., Grisolia,S. H7, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, inhibits tumour cell division in mice bearing ascitic Ehrlich's carcinoma. Eur.J.Cancer 1994; 30A(-4-):525-527. >>> H7; DMSO; Water; SC; mice; 2002; no duration posted; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; stability verified earlier up to 24 hours in vivo at 37 degrees C; enzyme inhibitor; half-life of H7 in sciatic nerve of diabetic mice is about 1 hour; cancer.

P2769 Narita,M., Feng,Y., Makimura,M., Hoskins,B., Ho,I.K. A protein kinase inhibitor, h-7, inhibits the development of tolerance to opioid antinociception. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1994; 271(--):543-545. >>> Morphine; Butorphanol; H7; Saline; CSF/CNS; rat; 2001; 3 days; controls received mp w/saline; tolerance; enzyme inhibitor; H7 administered alone or concomitantly w/morphine and butorphanol in the same pump; one week recovery allowed after icv surgery.

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52. HA-1004

P8249 Almela,P., Cerezo,M., Gonzalez-Cuello,A., Milanes,M.V., Laorden,M.L. Differential involvement of 3', 5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in regulation of Fos and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the heart after naloxone induced morphine withdrawal. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2007; 374(-4-):293-303. >>> HA-1004; Water, sterile; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (protein kinase A); cardiovascular; tolerance; dependence; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 220-240g).

P6875 Benavides,M., Laorden,M.L., Milanes,M.V. Involvement of 3',5';-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase in regulation of Fos expression and tyrosine hydroxylase levels during morphine withdrawal in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and medulla oblongata catecholaminergic cell groups. Journal of Neurochemistry 2005; 92(-2-):246-254. >>> HA-1004; Water, sterile; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 249); enzyme inhibitor (cAMP-dependent protein kinase); dependence.

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53. HOE 140

P6558 Aartsen,W.M., Hilgers,R.H.P., Schiffers,P.M.H., Daemen,M.J.A.P., De Mey,J.G.R., Smits,J.F.M. Changes in vascular distensibility during angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition involve bradykinin type 2 receptors. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH 2004; 41(-1-):18-27. >>> Hoe 140; Saline; SC; Mice; 2002; 14 days; No stress (see pg.20); cardiovascular.

P6544 Buffin-Meyer,B., Younes-Ibrahim,M., El Mernissi,G., Cheval,L., Marsy,S., Grima,M., Girolami,J.P., Doucet,A. Differential regulation of collecting duct Na+,K+-ATPase and K+ excretion by furosemide and piretanide: Role of bradykinin. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2004; 15(-4-):876-884. >>> Furosemide; dexmethasone; diretanide; aldosterone; Hoe 140; Saline; SC; IP; Rat; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (adrenalectomy); solution was a pH 9.0; a third group was adrenalectomized and given dexamethasone and aldosterone by a SC ALZET pump; in a fifth set of experiments Hoe140 was infused SC.

P6425 Duguay,D., Der Sarkissian,S., Kouz,R., Ongali,B., Couture,R., deBlois,D. Kinin B2 receptor is not involved in enalapril-induced apoptosis and regression of hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rat aorta: possible role of B1 receptor. British Journal of Pharmacology 2004; 141(-4-):728-736. >>> Hoe 140; enalpril; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; blood pressure taken.

P6404 Jover,B., Stuit,L., Mimran,A. Systemic and renal effect of chronic omapatrilat in sodium-restricted, one-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats. Journal of Hypertension 2004; 22(-2-):383-388. >>> Hoe 140; SC; Rat; 2001; 1 week; Cardiovascular; antihypertensive; Hoe140 is a bradykinin B2-receptor antagonist.

P5899 Kurisu,S., Ozono,R., Oshima,T., Kambe,M., Ishida,T., Sugino,H., Matsuura,H., Chayama,K., Teranishi,Y., Iba,O., Amano,K., Matsubara,H. Cardiac angiotensin II type 2 receptor activates the kinin/NO system and inhibits fibrosis. Hypertension 2003; 41(-1-):99-107. >>> Angiotensin II; HOE 140; L-NAME; Saline; SC; Mice (transgenic); 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (no); cardiovascular; HOE140 is a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist; L-NAME is a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; table on p. 101 for weights, blood pressure, heart rate, etc..

P5721 Yamaguchi-Sase,S., Hayashi,I., Okamoto,H., Nara,Y., Matsuzaki,S., Hoka,S., Majima,M. Amelioration of hyperalgesia by kinin receptor antagonists or kininogen deficiency in chronic constriction nerve injury in rats. INFLAMMATION RESEARCH 2003; 52(-4-):164-169. >>> Hoe 140; bradykinin, des-Arg9-Leu8-; Saline; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; Kinin B, and B2 receptor antagonists.

P5674 Tschope,C., Seidl,U., Reinecke,A., Riester,U., Graf,K., Schultheiss,H.P., Hilgenfeldt,U., Unger,T. Kinins are involved in the antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in experimental diabetic nephropathy. INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 2003; 3(-3-):335-344. >>> Hoe 140; Ramipril; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Antihypertensive; Hoe 140 is a B2-receptor antagonist also called icatibant; agents infused together in same pump in some animals..

P5875 Shiuchi,T., Cui,T.X., Wu,L., Nakagami,H., Takeda-Matsubara,Y., Iwai,M., Horiuchi,M. ACE inhibitor improves insulin resistance in diabetic mouse via bradykinin and NO. Hypertension 2002; 40(-3-):329-334. >>> Hoe 140; IP; Mice; 1002; 14 days; Hoe140 is a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist.

P5013 Rouleau,J.L., Kapuku,G., Pelletier,S., Gosselin,H., Adam,A., Gagnon,C., Lambert,C., Meloche,S. Cardioprotective effects of ramipril and losartan in right ventricular pressure overload in the rabbit - Importance of kinins and influence on angiotensin II type 1 receptor signaling pathway. Circulation 2001; 104(--):939-944. >>> Bradykinin, Lys-Leu8-des-Arg9; HOE 140;; SC; rabbit; 20 days; cardiovascular; Lys-(leu8)desArg bradykinin is a bradykinin B1 receptor blocker, HOE 140 is a bradykinin B2 receptor blocker.

P4977 Nakamura,Y., Ono,H., Zhou,X.Y., Frohlich,E.D. Angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonism and ACE inhibition produce similar renoprotection in N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester/spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2001; 37(--):1262-1267. >>> Hoe 140; SC; rat; 2ML4; 3 weeks; antihypertensive; Hoe 140 is an Icatibant agent (bradykinin receptor antagonist); 9 groups, mp used only in 1 group; bradykinin antagonist;.

P4927 Gorlach,C., Hortobagyi,T., Hortobagyi,S., Benyo,Z., Relton,J., Whalley,E.T., Wahl,M. Bradykinin B-2, but not B-1, receptor antagonism has a neuroprotective effect after brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 2001; 18(-8-):833-838. >>> Hoe 140; B9858; Saline; SC; rat; mice; 2001D; 24 hours; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; agents given in separate pumps to prevent interaction of the drugs; 2 pmps per animal;.

P4625 Kim,S., Zhan,Y., Izumi,Y, Yasumoto,H, Yano,M., Iwao,H. In vivo activation of rat aortic platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptors by angiontensin II and hypertension.. Arterioscler.Thromb.Vasc.Biol. 2000; 20(--):2539-2545. >>> Hoe 140;; Saline;; SC;; rat;; 4 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; antihypertensive; cardiovascular;.

P5105 Murakami,H, Yayama,K, Miao,R.Q., Wang,C, Chao,L, Chao,J. Kallikrein gene delivery inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell growth and neointima formation in the rat artery after balloon angioplasty. Hypertension 1999; 34(--):164-170. >>> Hoe 140; IP; rat; 2002; 2ML2; up to 14 days; cardiovascular; Hoe 140 is icatibant, a specific bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist; first experiment used 2ML2 pumps, second used 2002 pumps.

P4470 Hirawa,N., Uehara,Y., Suzuki,T, Kawabata,Y., Numabe,A., Gomi,T., Ikeda,T., Kizuki,K., Omata,M. Regression of glomerular injury by kallikrein infusion in Dahl salt-sensitive rats is a bradykinin B2-receptor-mediated event.. Nephron 1999; 81(--):183-193. >>> Hoe 140; Kallikrein;; Saline;; IV (jugular);; rat;; 2002;; 4 weeks;; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; pumps replaced every 2 weeks; rat urinary kallikrein used; kallikrein infused IV and Hoe 140 infused SC;.

P4503 Mukai,H, Fitzgibbon,W.R, Ploth,D.W, Margolius,H.S. Effect of chronic bradykinin B2 receptor blockade on blood pressure of conscious Dahl salt-resistant rats.. British Journal of Pharmacology 1998; 124(--):197-205. >>> Hoe 140;; NaCl;; SC;; rat;; 2001; 2002;; 1, 3 weeks;; controls received mp w/vehicle; pump replaced after one week; cardiovascular;.

P4455 MacLaughlin,M, Monserrat,A.J, Muller,A, Matoso,M, Amorena,C. Role of kinins in the renoprotective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in experimental chronic renal failure. Kidney Blood Press Res. 1998; 21(--):329-334. >>> Hoe 140; Saline, physiological;; SC;; rat;; 2002;; 14 weeks;; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; long-term study, pumps replaced every other week;.

P4015 Demeilliers,B., Jover,B., Mimran,A. Contrasting renal effects of chronic administrations of enalapril and losartan on one-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats. J.Hypertens. 1998; 16(--):1023-1029. >>> Hoe 140; SC; rat; 2001; no duration posted; no comment posted.

P3724 Blais,C.Jr, Couture,R., Drapeau,G., Colman,R.W., Adam,A. Involvement of endogenous kinins in the pathogenesis of peptidoglycan-induced arthritis in the lewis rat. Arthritis Rheum. 1997; 40(-7-):1327-1333. >>> Hoe 140; Bradykinin, Lys-Leu8-des-Arg9; Saline, sterile; SC; rat; 1007D; 6 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; agents administered singly and in combination.

P3536 Gohlke,P., Kuwer,I., Schnell,A., Mall,G., Unger,T. Blockade of bradykinin b2 receptors prevents the increase in capillary density induced by chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1997; 29(-2-):478-482. >>> Hoe 140; Saline; SC; rat; 14 weeks; controls received mp w/ saline; long-term study, pumps replaced every 2 weeks; cardiovascular; Hoe 140 is icatibant.

P4010 Rumble,J.R., Komers,R., Cooper,M.E. Kinins or nitric oxide, or both, are involved in the antitrophic effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors on diabetes-associated mesenteric vascular hypertrophy in the rat. J.Hypertens. 1996; 14(--):601-607. >>> Hoe 140; SC; rat; 2002; no duration posted; comparison of sc injections vs. mp; bradykinin receptor antagonist.

P3355 Jover,B., Herizi,A., Mimran,A. Chronic kinin blockade and effect of ramipril in renal adaptation to sodium restriction. Hypertension 1996; 27(--):79-84. >>> Hoe 140; Dextrose solution; SC; rat; 9 days; controls received mp w/vehicle.

P3826 Kohzuki,M., Kanazawa,M., Liu,P.F., Kamimoto,M., Yoshida,K., Saito,T., Yasujima,M., Sato,T., Abe,K. Kinin and angiontensin II receptor antagonists in rats with chronic renal failure: chronic effects on cardio- and renoprotection of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. J.Hypertens. 1995; 13(--):1785-1790. >>> Hoe 140; IP; rat; 2002; 4 weeks; controls received cilazapril; comparison of ip injections vs mp; antihypertensive; cardiovascular.

P2889 Madeddu,P., Parpaglia,P.P., Demontis,M.P., Varoni,M.V., Fattaccio,M.C., Anania,V., Glorioso,N. Early blockade of bradykinin B2-receptors alters the adult cardiovascular phenotype in rats. Hypertension 1995; 25(--):453-459. >>> Hoe 140; Saline, physiological; IP; rat; rat (pregnant); 8 weeks; controls received mp with vehicle; long-term study, pumps replaced.

P2888 Madeddu,P., Parpaglia,P.P., Demontis,M.P., Varoni,M.V., Fattaccio,M.C., Anania,V., Glorioso,N. Effects of kinin blockade on the blood pressure of salt-loaded pregnant rats. Hypertension 1995; 25(-part2-):823-827. >>> Hoe 140; IP; rat (pregnant); rat; no duration posted; controls received mp with vehicle; teratology.

P2759 Cachofeiro,V., Maeso,R., Rodrigo,E., Navarro,J., Ruilope,L.M., Lahera,V. Nitric oxide and prostaglandins in the prolonged effects of losartan and ramipril in hypertension. Hypertension 1995; 26(--):236-243. >>> Hoe 140; SC; rat; 1 week; enzyme inhibitor.

P7708 Gohlke,P., Linz,W., Scholkens,B.A., Kuwer,I., Bartenbach,S., Schnell,A., Unger,T. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition improves cardiac function. Role of bradykinin. Hypertension 1994/4; 23(-4-):411-418. >>> Hoe 140; Saline, physiological; SC; Rat; 14 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced every 2 weeks; cardiovascular; animal info (SHR, stroke prone, 6 weeks old, male).

P3687 Tomiyama,H., Kushiro,T., Abeta,H., Ishii,T., Takahashi,A., Furukawa,L., Asagami,T., Hino,T., Saito,F., Otsuka,Y., Kurumatani,H., Kobayashi,F., Kanmatsuse,K., Kajiwara,N. Kinins contribute to the improvement of insulin sensitivity during treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. Hypertension 1994; 23(--):450-455. >>> Hoe 140; Bradykinin; Saline, normal; SC; IV (inferior vena cava); rat; 2002; 2 weeks, 13 days; controls received mp w/ normal saline; first agent is a kinin antagonist; several pump experiments conducted; PE-10 tubing used for IV infusion.

P3272 Madeddu,P., Parpaglia,P.P., Demontis,M.P., Varoni,M.V., Fattaccio,M.C., Glorioso,N. Chronic inhibition of bradykinin b2-receptors enhances the slow vasopressor response to angiotensin II. Hypertension 1994; 23(--):646-652. >>> Angiotensin II; Hoe 140; IP; rat; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/saline; stability verified by injection of AII-pump infusate; peptides; agents given singly or together.

P3269 Majima,M., Mizogami,S., Kuribayashi,Y., Katori,M., Oh-ishi,S. Hypertension induced by a nonpressor dose of angiotensin II in kininogen-deficient rats. Hypertension 1994; 24(--):111-119. >>> Angiotensin II; Kininogen, bovine; Hoe 140; Saline; SC; rat; 2001; 2002; 2 weeks, 7 days; controls received mp w/saline; peptides; low molecular weight kininogen used.

P2761 Madeddu,P., Glorioso,N., Varoni,M.V., Demontis,M.P., Fattaccio,M.C., Anania,V. Cardiovascular effects of brain kinin receptor blockade in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1994; 23(-1-):I189-I192. >>> Hoe 140; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; rat; 2002; 2 weeks; infusion started 5 days after cannula placement.

P2744 da Silva,V.J.D., da Silva,S.V., Salgado,M.C.O., Salgado,H.C. Chronic converting enzyme inhibition facilitates baroreceptor resetting to hypertensive levels. Hypertension 1994; 23(-1 Supp-):I68-I72. >>> Enalapril; Hoe 140; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; comparison of oral dosing vs. mp; enzyme inhibitor; enalapril is an antihypertensive.

P3374 Madeddu,P., Anania,V., Parpaglia,P.P., Demontis,M.P., Varoni,M.V., Fattaccio,M.C., Glorioso,N. Chronic kinin receptor blockade induces hypertension in deoxycorticosterone-treated rats. Br.J.Pharmacol. 1993; 108(--):651-657. >>> Hoe 140; Saline, physiological; SC; rat; 2ML4; 6 weeks; controls received mp w/saline; long-term study, pumps replaced after 28 days; agent bradykinin antagonist; author states, "...osmotic pump implantation might have amplified the functional importance of B1 receptors&stimulated the generation of T-kinin" (p. 655) but concludes that this is unlikely.

P2929 Rudichenko,V.M., Carretero,O.A., Beierwaltes,W.H. Neither endogenous nor exogenous bradykinin stimulates aldosterone in vivo. Endocrinology 1993; 133(-6-):2469-2473. >>> Hoe 140; SC; rat; 1007D; 7 days; controls received mp with saline.

P2760 Madeddu,P., Parpaglia,P.P., Demontis,M.P., Varoni,M.V., Fattaccio,M.C., Tonolo,G., Troffa,G., Glorioso,N. Bradykinin B2-receptor blockade facilitates deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension. Hypertension 1993; 21(--):980-984. >>> Hoe 140; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML4; 4 weeks; no comment posted.

P2729 Gohlke,P., Lamberty,V., Kuwer,I., Bartenbach,S., Schnell,A., Linz,W., Scholkens,B.A., Wiemer,G., Unger,T. Long-term low-dose angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor treatment increases vascular cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate. Hypertension 1993; 22(-5-):682-687. >>> Hoe 140; Sodium chloride; SC; rat; 14 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study, pumps replaced every 2 weeks.

P2175 Bao,G., Gohlke,P., Unger,T. Role of bradykinin in chronic antihypertensive actions of ramipril in different hypertension models. J.Cardiovasc.Pharmacol. 1992; 20(-9-):S96-S99. >>> Hoe 140; Saline; SC; rat; 2002; 6 weeks; long-term study, pumps replaced every 2 weeks; hoe 140 is a bradykinin antagonist; concomitant oral administration of ramipril.

P2174 Bao,G., Gohlke,P., Qadri,F., Unger,T. Chronic kinin receptor blockade attenuates the antihypertensive effect of ramipril. Hypertension 1992; 20(--):74-79. >>> Hoe 140; Saline; SC; rat; 2002; 6 weeks; controls received mp w/saline; long-term study, pumps replaced every 2 weeks; oral ace-inhibitor ramipril administered concomitantly.

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54. Hirudin

P7249 Lay,A.J., Liang,Z., Rosen,E.D., Castellino,F.J. Mice with a severe deficiency in protein C display prothrombotic and proinflammatory phenotypes and compromised maternal reproductive capabilities. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2005; 115(-6-):1552-1561. >>> Hirudin; IP; Mice (transgenic); 3 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; no stress (see pg. 1555); enzyme inhibitor (thrombin); cardiovascular; immunology.

P7220 Iwaki,T., Cruz,D.T., Martin,J.A., Castellino,F.J. A cardioprotective role for the endothelial protein C receptor in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in the mouse. Blood 2005; 105(-6-):2364-2371. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; hirudin; Saline, isotonic; IP; Mice; 1003D; 24-72 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; multiple pumps per animal (2); "In order to mimic the conditions of endotoxin shock more closely than the usual bolus LPS injection methods, we used a continual intraperitoneal exposure model in mice with the aid of osmotic pumps" (p. 2370).

P6815 Wang,J., Zheng,H., Ou,X., Albertson,C.M., Fink,L.M., Herbert,J.M., Hauer-Jensen,M. Hirudin ameliorates intestinal radiation toxicity in the rat: support for thrombin inhibition as strategy to minimize side-effects after radiation therapy and as countermeasure against radiation exposure. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS 2004; 2(-11-):2027-2035. >>> Hirudin; Saline; IP; Rat; 2ML2; 16 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor thrombin; cancer (abdominal, pelvic); toxicology; scrotal hernia created via orchiectomy w/ a loop of ileum sutured to inside of scrotum.

P6789 Mhatre,M., Nguyen,A., Kashani,S., Pham,T., Adesina,A., Grammas,P. Thrombin, a mediator of neurotoxicity and memory impairment. NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING 2004; 25(-6-):783-793. >>> Thrombin; hirudin; Saline; BSA; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig 1); no stress (see pg. 784); "Administration of thrombin and hirudin alone or simultaneously was well tolerated by the rats." (p. 784); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); "hirudin has a relatively short half-life (60-90) minutes, therefore it was administered by continuous ICV infusion." (p. 784.).

P4419 Gerdes,C, Faber-Steinfeld,V, Yalkinoglu,Ö, Wohlfeil,S. Comparison of the effects of the thrombin inhibitor r-hirudin in four animal models of neointima formation after arterial injury. Arterioscler.Thromb.Vasc.Biol. 1996/10; 16(--):1306-1311. >>> Hirudin, r-;; Saline, sterile;; IV (jugular);; rat;; 2ML2; 3, 14 days;; controls received mp w/vehicle; comparision of SC injetions vs. mp; cardiovascular; arterial injury; thrombin inhibitor.

P3662 Hadoke,P.W.F., Wadsworth,R.M., Wainwright,C.L., Butler,K.D., Giddings,M.J. Subcutaneous infusion of r-hirudin does not inhibit neointimal proliferation after angioplasty of the subclavian artery in cholesterol-fed rabbits. Coronary Artery Disease 1996; 7(--):599-608. >>> Hirudin, r-; Mannitol; SC; rabbit; 2ML4; 2001D; 28 days; controls received no drug; cardiovascular; animals received 1-2 pumps each.

P3651 Rodgers,K.E., Girgis,W., Campeau,J.D., diZerega,G.S. Reduction of adhesion formation by intraperitoneal administration of a recombinant hirudin analog. J.Invest.Surgery 1996; 9(--):385-391. >>> Hirudin, recomb. analog; injury site; rabbit; 2ML1; 7 days; controls received mp w/ PBS; tissue perfusion (injury site); immunology; peptides; rabbits were given IM morphine for postoperative pain; wound healing.

P3199 Hampl,V., Archer,S.L., Bach,R., Nelson,D.P., Weir,E.K. Chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension: is thrombin involved?. Am.Rev.Respir.Dis. 1993; 148(--):1043-1048. >>> Hirudin, recomb.; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML4; 24 days; controls received mp with saline; no stress (see pg. 1044) no inflammation; immunology; hirudin is CGP-39393, and it is a thrombin inhibitor.

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55. Hoe140

P6558 Aartsen,W.M., Hilgers,R.H.P., Schiffers,P.M.H., Daemen,M.J.A.P., De Mey,J.G.R., Smits,J.F.M. Changes in vascular distensibility during angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition involve bradykinin type 2 receptors. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH 2004; 41(-1-):18-27. >>> Hoe140; Saline; SC; Mice; 2002; 14 days; No stress (see pg.20); cardiovascular.

P6544 Buffin-Meyer,B., Younes-Ibrahim,M., El Mernissi,G., Cheval,L., Marsy,S., Grima,M., Girolami,J.P., Doucet,A. Differential regulation of collecting duct Na+,K+-ATPase and K+ excretion by furosemide and piretanide: Role of bradykinin. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 2004; 15(-4-):876-884. >>> Furosemide; dexmethasone; diretanide; aldosterone; Hoe140; Saline; SC; IP; Rat; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (adrenalectomy); solution was a pH 9.0; a third group was adrenalectomized and given dexamethasone and aldosterone by a SC ALZET pump; in a fifth set of experiments Hoe140 was infused SC.

P6425 Duguay,D., Der Sarkissian,S., Kouz,R., Ongali,B., Couture,R., deBlois,D. Kinin B2 receptor is not involved in enalapril-induced apoptosis and regression of hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rat aorta: possible role of B1 receptor. British Journal of Pharmacology 2004; 141(-4-):728-736. >>> Hoe140; enalpril; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; blood pressure taken.

P6404 Jover,B., Stuit,L., Mimran,A. Systemic and renal effect of chronic omapatrilat in sodium-restricted, one-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rats. Journal of Hypertension 2004; 22(-2-):383-388. >>> Hoe140; SC; Rat; 2001; 1 week; Cardiovascular; antihypertensive; Hoe140 is a bradykinin B2-receptor antagonist.

P5899 Kurisu,S., Ozono,R., Oshima,T., Kambe,M., Ishida,T., Sugino,H., Matsuura,H., Chayama,K., Teranishi,Y., Iba,O., Amano,K., Matsubara,H. Cardiac angiotensin II type 2 receptor activates the kinin/NO system and inhibits fibrosis. Hypertension 2003; 41(-1-):99-107. >>> Angiotensin II; HOE140; L-NAME; Saline; SC; Mice (transgenic); 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (no); cardiovascular; HOE140 is a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist; L-NAME is a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; table on p. 101 for weights, blood pressure, heart rate, etc..

P5674 Tschope,C., Seidl,U., Reinecke,A., Riester,U., Graf,K., Schultheiss,H.P., Hilgenfeldt,U., Unger,T. Kinins are involved in the antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in experimental diabetic nephropathy. INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 2003; 3(-3-):335-344. >>> Hoe140; Ramipril; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Antihypertensive; Hoe 140 is a B2-receptor antagonist also called icatibant; agents infused together in same pump in some animals..

P5721 Yamaguchi-Sase,S., Hayashi,I., Okamoto,H., Nara,Y., Matsuzaki,S., Hoka,S., Majima,M. Amelioration of hyperalgesia by kinin receptor antagonists or kininogen deficiency in chronic constriction nerve injury in rats. INFLAMMATION RESEARCH 2003; 52(-4-):164-169. >>> Hoe140; bradykinin, des-Arg9-Leu8-; Saline; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; Kinin B, and B2 receptor antagonists.

P5875 Shiuchi,T., Cui,T.X., Wu,L., Nakagami,H., Takeda-Matsubara,Y., Iwai,M., Horiuchi,M. ACE inhibitor improves insulin resistance in diabetic mouse via bradykinin and NO. Hypertension 2002; 40(-3-):329-334. >>> Hoe140; IP; Mice; 1002; 14 days; Hoe140 is a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist.

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56. Huperzine

P5187 Filliat,P., Foquin,A., Lallement,G. Effects of chronic administration of huperzine A on memory in guinea pigs. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 2002; 25(-1-):9-24. >>> Huperzine A; Saline; HCl; SC; Guinea-pig; 2001; 6 days; Toxicology; enzyme inhibitor; huperzine is an alkaloid, reversible Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease).

P5528 Lallement,G., Demoncheaux,J.P., Foquin,A., Baubichon,D., Galonnier,M., Clarencon,D., Dorandeu,F. Subchronic administration of pyridostigmine or huperzine to primates: Compared efficacy against soman toxicity. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 2002; 25(-3-):309-320. >>> Pyridostigmine; huperzine; SC; Monkey; 2ML1; 6 days; Enzyme inhibitor (acetylcholinesterase); toxicology.

P4806 Lallement,G., Foquin,A., Dorandeu,F., Baubichon,D., Carpentier,P. Subchronic administration of various pretreatments of nerve agent poisoning. II. Compared efficacy against soman toxicity. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 2001; 24(-2-):165-180. >>> Pyridostigmine; Huperzine; Physostigmine; Scopolamine;; SC;; guinea-pig;; 6 days;; Controls received sham operation; enzyme inhibitor; these are poisons known to be acetylcholinesterase inhibitors; doses inhibited 30% of AChE activity; Physostigmine was infused alone or together with Scopolamine; toxicology.

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57. IDN-1965

P6457 Hayakawa,Y., Chandra,M., Miao,W.F., Shirani,J., Brown,J.H., Dorn,GW II, Armstrong,R.C., Kitsis,R.N. Inhibition of cardiac myocyte apoptosis improves cardiac function and abolishes mortality in the peripartum cardiomyopathy of G alpha q transgenic mice. Circulation 2003; 108(-24-):3036-3041. >>> IDN-1965; DMSO; SC; Mice (pregnant); mice (transgenic); 1002; 25 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 14 days; enzyme inhibitor (polycaspase); cardiovascular; teratology; 50% DMSO; "Continuous subcutaneous delivery of this potent polycaspase inhibitor is sufficient to suppress effector caspase activity" (p.3037).

P5615 Wencker,D., Chandra,M., Nguyen,K., Miao,W.F., Garantziotis,S., Factor,S.M., Shirani,J., Armstrong,R.C., Kitsis,R.N. A mechanistic role for cardiac myocyte apoptosis in heart failure. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2003; 111(-10-):1497-1504. >>> IDN-1965; DMSO; Water; IP; mice; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; vehicle combination was 50% DMSO, 50% water; IDN-1965 is a caspase inhibitor; liver injury; 24 hour recovery period after surgery; "continuous administration of IDN-1965 via an osmotic minipump (a delivery equaling .36 mg/kg/h), however, was extremely effective in reducing liver injury..." p. 817;.

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58. Irinotecan

P5136 Morales,C., Zurita,M., Vaquero,J. Antitumoral effect of irinotecan (CPT-11) on an experimental model of malignant neuroectodermal tumor. Journal of Neuro-oncology 2002; 56(--):219-226. >>> Irinotecan (CPT-11); Saline; IP; rat; 2004; 28 days; functionality of mp verified by residual content; comparison of IP and intratumoral injections vs. mp; no stress (see p. 222): animals tolerated the pumps: no infections or peritoneal fibrosis were observed; cancer; enzyme inhibitor (topoisomerase I); animals with pumps showed less toxicity: "schedules of continuous administration of CPT-11 were more efficacious and less toxic..." (p. 223).

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59. K252a

P8028 Obata,K., Katsura,H., Sakurai,J., Kobayashi,K., Yamanaka,H., Dai,Y., Fukuoka,T., Noguchi,K. Suppression of the p75 neurotrophin receptor in uninjured sensory neurons reduces neuropathic pain after nerve injury. Journal of Neuroscience 2006; 26(-46-):11974-11986. >>> Antibody, anti-NGF; antibody, anti-P75NTR; K252a; DMSO; saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, lumbar); Rat; 2001; ; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 200-250 grams); nerve injury; silastic tubing used; K252a in 50% DMSO; behavioral testing.

P5764 Liang,F.-Q., Allen,G., Earnest,D. Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the circadian regulation of the suprachiasmatic pacemaker by light. J Neurosci 2000; 20(-8-):2978-2987. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; K252a; CSF, artificial; BSA; DMSO; CSF/CNS (suprachiasmatic nucleus); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of acute injections vs. mp p.2979; enzyme inhibitor (tyrosine kinase); BDNF was recombinant human; dissolved in a CSF&0.1% BSA; K252a was dissolved in DMSO; guide cannula used with a stylet; 3-day recovery period before pump implantation.

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60. KN-92 And KN-93

P7196 Ogawa,A., Dai,Y., Yamanaka,H., Iwata,K., Niwa,H., Noguchi,K. Ca2+/calmodulin-protein kinase II alpha in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis contributes to neuropathic pain following inferior alveolar nerve transection. Experimental Neurology 2005; 192(-2-):310-319. >>> KN-93; KN-92; DMSO; CSF/CNS (medulla); Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ KN-92; enzyme inhibitor (calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II); peptides; cannula placement confirmed by dissection.

P5307 Fang,L., Wu,J., Lin,Q., Willis,W.D. Calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II contributes to spinal cord central sensitization. J Neurosci. 2002/5/15; 22(-10-):4196-4204. >>> KN-92; KN-93; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor; KN-93 is a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor; 5-day recovery period.

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61. KT5823

P6277 Leamey,C.A., Ho-Pao,C.L., Sur,M. Disruption of Retinogeniculate Pattern Formation by Inhibition of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase. The Journal of Neuroscience 2004; 21(-11-):3871-3880. >>> KT5823; Oxadiazolo quinoxzlin-1-one, 1H-[1,2,4], [4,3-a]; DMSO; saline; Eye; Ferret; 1-2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (p.3875); enzyme inhibitor (guanylyl cyclase; protein Kinase G); DMSO at 50%; OD1; KT5832 added to vehicle control.

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62. L-NAME

P8527 Ravishankar,V., Buhimschi,C.S., Booth,C.J., Bhandari,V., Norwitz,E., Copel,J., Buhimschi,I.A. Fetal nucleated red blood cells in a rat model of intrauterine growth restriction induced by hypoxia and nitric oxide synthase inhibition. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2007; 196(-5-):U104-U111. >>> L-NAME; Saline, sterile; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2ML1; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (NO synthase); animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, G-D17, 300-350 g).

P8511 Clarkson,A.N., Liu,H., Schiborra,F., Shaw,O., Sammut,I.A., Jackson,D.M., Appleton,I. Angiogenesis as a predictive marker of neurological outcome following hypoxia-ischemia. Brain Research 2007; 1171(--):111-121. >>> Clomethiazole; L-NAME; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or saline or no treatment; no stress (see pg. 112); enzyme inhibitor (NO synthase); ischemia (cerebral); animal info (male, Wistar, 21 days old).

P8455 Ebose,E.J., Campbell,P.I., Okorodudu,A.O. Electrolytes and pH changes in pre-eclamptic rats. Clinica Chimica Acta 2007; 384(-1-2-):135-140. >>> L-NAME; Saline, sterile, isotonic; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2ML2; 2 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (NOS); animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, 270-340g, GD15).

P8361 Gangula,P.R.R., Maner,W.L., Micci,M.A., Garfield,R.E., Pasricha,P.J. Diabetes induces sex-dependent changes in neuronal nitric oxide synthase dimerization and function in the rat gastric antrum. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2007; 292(-3-):G725-G733. >>> L-NAME; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 4 days; Replacement therapy (STZ-induced diabetes mellitus; enzyme inhibitor (nitric oxide synthase); animal info (male, female, Sprague-Dawley, 7 wks old).

P8301 Badn,W., Hegardt,P., Fellert,M.A., Darabi,A., Esbjoernsson,M., Smith,K.E., Janelidze,S., Salford,L.G., Visse,E., Siesjoe,P. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase enhances anti-tumour immune responses in rats immunized with IFN-gamma-secreting glioma cells. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 65(-3-):289-297. >>> L-NAME; L-NIL; Saline; IP; Rat; 2001; 1 week; 14, 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 3); comparison of IP injections vs. mp; enzyme inhibitor (Nitric oxide synthase, iNOS); cancer (glioma); L-NIL is L-N6- (1-iminsethyl) -L-lysine.

P8327 Schwenke,D.O., Pearson,J.T., Mori,H., Shirai,M. Does central nitric oxide elicit pulmonary hypertension in conscious rats?. RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY&NEUROBIOLOGY 2006; 153(-3-):250-260. >>> L-NAME; SIN-1; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 3 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (NO synthase); cardiovascular; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 200-320 grams, 8 weeks old); Evans blue dye used to confirm correct cannula placement; SIN-1 is 2-[4-morpholinyl]-sydnonimine-hydrochloride.

P7889 Coates,B.J., Broderick,T.L., Batia,L.M., Standley,C.A. MgSO4 prevents left ventricular dysfunction in an animal model of preeclampsia. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2006; 195(-5-):1398-1403. >>> L-NAME; magnesium sulfate; Saline; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2ML1; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, 150-175g.); "Infusion of L-NAME in pregnant rats represent an excellent animal model suitable for the study of cardiovascular dysfunction in preeclampsia." (pg. 1401).

P7747 Schwenke,D.O., Pearson,J.T., Kangawa,K., Shirai,M. Does central nitric oxide chronically modulate the acute hypoxic ventilatory response in conscious rats?. ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA 2006; 186(-4-):309-318. >>> L-NAME; sydnonimine-hydrochloride, 3-[4-morpholinyl]-; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 3 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 312); enzyme inhibitor (no synthase); post op. care (viccillin); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 8 wk. old, 200-320g.); correct catheter positioning confirmed post mortem w/ Evans blue dye.

P8215 Aikawa,K., Chichester,P., Whitbeck,C., Levin,R.M. Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on changes induced by estradiol in bladders from ovariectomized rabbits. UROLOGIA INTERNATIONALIS 2005; 75(-2-):133-138. >>> L-NAME; Saline; SC; Rabbit; 4 weeks; Controls received sham OVX w/ no mp; enzyme inhibitor (NO synthase); animal info (female, New Zealand White, 3.5-4.0 kg.).

P7299 Takei,H., Yamamoto,M., Kase,Y., Takeda,S. The effect of herbal medicine Toki-shakuyaku-san on blood pressure in an Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced pre-eclampsia rat model during pregnancy and the postpartum period. JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2005; 98(-3-):255-262. >>> L-NAME; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2ML2; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; enzyme inhibitor (NO synthase); cardiovascular.

P7204 Pfosser,A., Thalgott,M., Buettner,K., Brouet,A., Feron,O., Boekstegers,P., Kupatt,C. Liposomal Hsp90 cDNA induces neovascularization via nitric oxide in chronic ischemia. Cardiovascular Research 2005; 65(-3-):728-736. >>> Geldanamycin; L-NAME; SC; Rabbit; 25, 28 days; Enzyme inhibitor (Hsp90, NO synthase).

P7179 Jacobi,J., Sydow,K., von Degenfeld,G., Zhang,Y., Dayoub,H., Wang,B.Y., Patterson,A.J., Kimoto,M., Blau,H.M., Cooke,J.P. Overexpression of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase reduces tissue asymmetric dimethylarginine levels and enhances angiogenesis. Circulation 2005; 111(-11-):1431-1438. >>> L-NAME; dimethylarginine, asymmetric; PBS; SC; IP; Mice; mice (transgenic); 2002; 2004; 2, 3 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (nitric oxide synthase); cardiovascular; ischemia (hindlimb).

P6953 Thaete,L.G., Kushner,D.M., Dewey,E.R., Neerhof,M.G. Endothelin and the regulation of uteroplacental perfusion in nitric oxide synthase inhibition-induced fetal growth restriction. PLACENTA 2005; 26(-2-3-):242-250. >>> L-NAME; A-127722; Saline; ethyl alcohol; NaOH; water; propylene glycol; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2ML1; 1,4,7 days; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume; stability verified by prior experiment (24 days); multiple pumps per animal (2); drugs infused in separate pumps; A-127722 (ETA receptor antagonist) was dissolved in 20% alcohol, 40% PG and 0.04 M of NaOH.

P7049 Bourraindeloup,M., Adamy,C., Candiani,G., Cailleret,M., Bourin,M.C., Badoual,T., Su,J.B., Adubeiro,S., Roudot-Thoraval,F., Dubois-Rande,J.L., Hittinger,L., Pecker,F. N-acetylcysteine treatment normalizes serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha level and hinders the progression of cardiac injury in hype

References on the Administration of Selected Enzyme Inhibitors Using ALZET® Osmotic Pumps

1. 1400W

2. 9050

3. AG-490

4. AG 1296

5. AK275

6. AMT

7. AY9944

8. AZD1152

9. Acetazolamide

10. Alaproclate

11. Aliskiren

12. Allylglycine

13. Aminoguanidine

14. Amlexanox

15. Apocynin

16. Aprotinin

17. B-428

18. B10720512; B10721325; B10720440; B10720511; B10715817

19. BE16627B

20. BMS-191563

21. BVT.2733

22. Bafilomycin A1

23. Benzylguanine, 06

24. Bromphenacyl Bromide, 4

25. Buthionine Sulfoximine

26. CGP-29287

27. CGP-40215A

28. CGS-14831

29. CGS-15855A

30. CGS-22652

31. CGS-26303

32. CGS 27023A

33. CP-690550

34. Calphostin C

35. Candoxatrilat

36. DMAG, 17-

37. DMPPO

38. Donepezil

39. Doxorubicin

40. Dutasteride

41. E-64

42. Ethylisourea, S

43. Etodolac

44. Etoposide

45. FPT III

46. Fadrozole

47. Fasudil

48. Finasteride

49. Fluoromethylhistidine, A

50. Fluvastatin

51. H7

52. HA-1004

53. HOE 140

54. Hirudin

55. Hoe140

56. Huperzine

57. IDN-1965

58. Irinotecan

59. K252a

60. KN-92 And KN-93

61. KT5823

62. L-NAME

References on the Administration of Selected Enzyme Inhibitors Using
ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps