References on the Administration of Agents Using Multiple ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps in a Single Animal

 

P8813 Kubota,Y., Takubo,K., Suda,T. Bone marrow long label-retaining cells reside in the sinusoidal hypoxic niche. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2008; 366(-2-):335-339. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy; PBS; SC; Mice; 2004; 2 months; Long-term study; pumps replaced after 28 days; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (C57BL/6, 1 month old); labeling of bone marrow LRC's.

P8705 Mizuno,M., Sotoyama,H., Narita,E., Kawamura,H., Namba,H., Zheng,Y.J., Eda,T., Nawa,H. A cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor ameliorates behavioral impairments induced by striatal administration of epidermal growth factor. Journal of Neuroscience 2007; 27(-38-):10116-10127. >>> Epidermal growth factor, recomb. human; Saline; CSF/CNS (striatum); CSF/CNS (nucleus accumbens); Rat; 2002; 8-14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; dose-response (fig. 1); peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); post op. care (cefmetazon); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 7-8 wks old, 300-380g); cannula position confirmed after completion of tests.

P8680 Joyce,M.M., Burghardt,R.C., Geisert,R.D., Burghardt,J.R., Hooper,R.N., Ross,J.W., Ashworth,M.D., Johnson,G.A. Pig conceptuses secrete estrogen and interferons to differentially regulate uterine STAT1 in a temporal and cell type-specific manner. Endocrinology 2007; 148(-9-):4420-4431. >>> Conceptus secretory proteins, porcine; Intrauterine; Pig; 2ML1; ; Controls received mp w/ albumin, porcine serum; tissue perfusion (uterus); good methods p. 4421; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female).

P8677 King,T., Vardanyan,A., Majuta,L., Melemedjian,O., Nagle,R., Cress,A.E., Vanderah,T.W., Lai,J., Porreca,F. Morphine treatment accelerates sarcoma-induced bone pain, bone loss, and spontaneous fracture in a murine model of bone cancer. Pain 2007; 132(-1-2-):154-168. >>> Morphine; naloxone; Saline; SC; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (p. 157, 159); no stress (see pg. 155); cancer (bone); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (20-25g, male, adult, C3H/HeJ); pain.

P8674 Yang,J., Dhawan,V., Morrish,D.W., Kaufman,S. Bimodal effects of chronically administered neurokinin B (NKB) on in vivo and in vitro cardiovascular responses in female rats. REGULATORY PEPTIDES 2007; 143(-1-3-):136-142. >>> Neurokinin B; DMSO; water; IV (inferior vena cava); Rat; 2001D; 2ML1; 5 days, 22 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by blood pressure; dose-response (p. 138); cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (3); animal info (female, Long Evans, 250-300g); neuropeptide; silastic cannula; telemetry implanted IP; 10% DMSO used; (3) 2001D pumps used to achieve a higher concentration for 22 hours.

P8600 de Seigneux,S., Nielsen,J., Olesen,E.T.B., Dimke,H., Kwon,T.H., Frokiaer,J., Nielsen,S. Long-term aldosterone treatment induces decreased apical but increased basolateral expression of AQP2 in CCD of rat kidney. American Journal of Physiology- Renal Physiology 2007; 293(-1-):F87-F99. >>> Aldosterone; vasopressin, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine; angiotensin II; Saline; DMSO; ringer's solution, lactated; SC; Rat; 2001; 2002; 6,7,8 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); post op. care (Buprenorphine); animal info (male, Wistar-Hanover, 220-250 grams, male, Sprague-Dawley, 190-210 grams, male, Munich-Wistar, 220 grams); 30% and 25% DMSO used.

P8569 Dedkov,E.I., Zheng,W., Christensen,L.P., Weiss,R.M., Mahlberg-Gaudin,F., Tomanek,R.J. Preservation of coronary reserve by ivabradine-induced reduction in heart rate in infarcted rats is associated with decrease in perivascular collagen. Am.J.Physiol Heart Circ.Physiol 2007/7; 293(-1-):H590-H598. >>> Ivabradine; uridine, bromodeoxy 5-; Dextrose; IP; Rat; 4 weeks; 2,6,13 days; 72 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 12 months old, MI); ischemia (cardiac).

P8542 Sakai,T., Balasubramanian,K., Maiti,S., Haider,J.B., Schroit,A.J. Plasmin-cleaved beta-2-glycoprotein 1 is an inhibitor of angiogenesis. American Journal of Pathology 2007; 171(-5-):1659-1669. >>> Glycoprotein 1, B-2-; glycoprotein 1, nicked B-2-; SC; IP; Mice; 2002; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ HSA; cancer (prostate adenocarcinoma); peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, C57BL/6, 6 weeks old); B2GP1 is also known as apolipoprotein H; mp implanted IP on day 1, SC on day 14, implanted pumps not removed.

P8536 Joyce,M.M., Burghardt,J.R., Burghardt,R.C., Hooper,R.N., Jaeger,L.A., Spencer,T.E., Bazer,F.W., Johnson,G.A. Pig conceptuses increase uterine interferon-regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), but restrict expression to stroma through estrogen- induced IRF2 in luminal epithelium. Biology of Reproduction 2007; 77(-2-):292-302. >>> Conceptus secretory proteins, porcine; Albumin, porcine serum; dye, india ink; PBS; Intrauterine (uterine horn); Pig; 2ML1; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ PSA; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, pseudopregnant); india ink used to confirm agent distribution in uterus; tissue perfusion (uterine horn).

P8534 Ni,W., Zhan,Y., He,H., Maynard,E., Balschi,J.A., Oettgen,P. Ets-1 is a critical transcriptional regulator of reactive oxygen species and p47phox gene expression in response to angiotensin II. Circulation Research 2007; 101(-10-):985-994. >>> Angiotensin II; Ets-1, dominant negative peptide; peptide, Ets-1, mutated; Saline; SC; Mice; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or mutant control peptide; cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (C57BL/6, wt or Ets-1 -/-); peptide presence in thoracic aorta confirmed by immunoflorescence; DN-Ets-1 peptide biotin linked and HIV-TAT (48-60) linked.

P8488 Smith,J.M., Lunga,P., Story,D., Harris,N., Le Belle,J., James,M.F., Pickard,J.D., Fawcett,J.W. Inosine promotes recovery of skilled motor function in a model of focal brain injury. Brain 2007; 130(--):915-925. >>> Inosine; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; ALZET Brain Infusion Kit 2 used; multiple pumps per animal (2); post op. care (carprofen, IP); traumatic brain inujury; behavioral study; dental cement used; animal info (male, lister, hooded, 200-300 g).

P8399 Perry,T., Holloway,H.W., Weerasuriya,A., Mouton,P.R., Duffy,K., Mattison,J.A., Greig,N.H. Evidence of GLP-1-mediated neuroprotection in an animal model of pyridoxine-induced peripheral sensory neuropathy. Experimental Neurology 2007; 203(-2-):293-301. >>> Glucagon-like peptide-1, (7-36)-amide; exendin-4; exendin (9-39); peptide, inactive; SC; Rat; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ scrambled, inactive, 30aa peptide; functionality of mp verified by plasma GLP-1 levels; dose-response (fig. 3); half-life (pg. 293) 1.5 min. in rodents (GLP-1), 120 min. in rodents (Ex4); peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 300-350g.).

P8371 Billes,S.K., Cowley,M.A. Inhibition of dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake produces additive effects on energy balance in lean and obese mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007; 32(-4-):822-834. >>> Nisoxetine; GBR12783; Saline, sterile nonpyrogenic; water sterile; DMSO; SC; Mice; 1007D; 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, C57BL/6J); 10% DMSO (NIS); 50% DMSO (GBR).

P8201 Grobe,J.L., Mecca,A.P., Lingis,M., Shenoy,V., Bolton,T.A., Machado,J.M., Speth,R.C., Raizada,M.K., Katovich,M.J. Prevention of angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling by angiotensin-(1-7). American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2007; 292(-2-):H736-H742. >>> Angiotensin II; angiotensin (1-7); angiotensin (1-7), D-ALa7-; SC; Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; Controls received sham treatment; cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 270-300g.).

P8386 Serralta,A., Barcia,J.A., Ortiz,P., Duran,C., Hernandez,M.E., Alos,M. Effect of intracerebroventricular continuous infusion of valproic acid versus single i.p. and i.c.v. injections in the amygdala kindling epilepsy model. Epilepsy Research 2006; 70(-1-):15-26. >>> Valproic acid; Saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 2002; 7 days; Controls received no treatment; dose-response (fig. 1); comparison of icv, IP injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 22); toxicology; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Wistar, amygdala-kindled epilepsy, 380-420g.); mp primed 1 hr. in 37.5 celsius saline; evans blue dye used to confirm cannula placement, "chronic i.c.v. VPA infusion affords protection against kindled seizures accompanied by less ataxia and sedation" (pg. 24).

P8382 Pocivavsek,A., Icenogle,L., Levin,E.D. Ventral hippocampal alpha7 and alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptor blockade and clozapine effects on memory in female rats. Psychopharmacology 2006; 188(-4-):597-604. >>> Nicotine ditartrate; MLA; erythroidine, dihydro-beta; Saline, sterile; CSF, artifical; SC; CSF/CNS (ventral hippocampus); Rat; 2004; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, 200-300g.); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); methyllycaconitine; cannula placement confirmed w/ Chicago sky-blue dye; schizophrenia.

P8258 Rosi,S., Vazdarjanova,A., Ramirez-Amaya,V., Worley,P.F., Barnes,C.A., Wenk,G.L. Memantine protects against LPS-induced neuroinflammation, restores behaviorally-induced gene expression and spatial learning in the rat. Neuroscience 2006; 142(-4-):1303-1315. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; memantine; CSF, artificial; SC; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 1308); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, F-344, 3 months old); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, etc.).

P8161 Balatsouka,D., Gotfredsen,K., Sorensen,L., Lindh,C.H., Berglundh,T. Effect of systemic administration of nicotine on healing in osseous defects. An experimental study in rabbits. Part II. CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH 2006; 17(-5-):488-494. >>> Nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt; Water, sterile; SC; Rabbit; 2ML4; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by cotinine plasma levels; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, New Zealand white, 9-12 months old, 3-4 kg, osseous defects).

P8053 Bruno,M.A., Cuello,A.C. Activity-dependent release of precursor nerve growth factor, conversion to mature nerve growth factor, and its degradation by a protease cascade. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2006; 103(-17-):6735-6740. >>> Neuroserpin; GM6001; CSF, artificial, PBS; CSF/CNS (parietal cortex); Rat; 2001; 72 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle into contralateral side; enzyme inhibitor (tpa, metalloproteinase); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (Fischer 344, 6 month old); Lynch coil with air-oil spacer at mp end of tubing; bilateral infusion cannulae; tissue perfusion (parietal cortex).

P7954 Billes,S.K., Cowley,M.A. Inhibition of Dopamine and Norepinephrine Reuptake Produces Additive Effects on Energy Balance in Lean and Obese Mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006; (--):1-13. >>> Nisoxetine; GBR 12783; Saline; water; DMSO; SC; Mice; 1007D; 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, C57BL/6J); 10% DMSO in saline; 50% DMSO in water; NE reuptake inhibitor; dopamine reuptake inhibitor.

P7927 Tiwari,S., Packer,R.K., Hu,X.Q., Sugimura,Y., Verbalis,J.G., Ecelbarger,C.A. Increased renal alpha-ENaC and NCC abundance and elevated blood pressure are independent of hyperaldosteronism in vasopressin escape. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 2006; 291(-1-):F49-F57. >>> Vasopressin, 1-desamino-8-D-arginine; aldosterone; SC; Rat; 2002; ; Blood pressure taken; replacement therapy (adrenalectomy); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 275 grams, ADX); dDAVP; one pump for each drug.

P7895 Chen,K., Li,F.H., Li,J., Cai,H.B., Strom,S., Bisello,A., Kelley,D.E., Friedman-Einat,M., Skibinski,G.A., McCrory,M.A., Szalai,A.J., Zhao,A.Z. Induction of leptin resistance through direct interaction of C-reactive protein with leptin. Nature Medicine 2006; 12(-4-):425-432. >>> Leptin, recomb. human; C-reactive protein, human; Saline; SC; Mice; mice (transgenic); 6, 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum concentrations; dose-response (fig.5); peptides; MRI; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (wt or ob/ob, 8 wk old, human CRPtg.).

P7891 Armentero,M.T., Fancellu,R., Nappi,G., Bramanti,P., Blandini,F. Prolonged blockade of NMDA or mGluR5 glutamate receptors reduces nigrostriatal degeneration while inducing selective metabolic changes in the basal ganglia circuitry in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2006; 22(-1-):1-9. >>> MK-801; pyridine, 2-methyl-6-(phenylehtynyl)-; Saline; water; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; dose-response (fig. 1); multiple pumps per animal (2); neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease) animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 250-280grams.); MPEP; 6-OHDA induced striatal lesion.

P7862 Ran,J.M., Hirano,T., Fukui,T., Saito,K., Kageyama,H., Okada,K., Adachi,M. Angiotensin II infusion decreases plasma adiponectin level via its type 1 receptor in rats: an implication for hypertension-related insulin resistance. METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL 2006; 55(-4-):478-488. >>> Angiotensin II, human; PD123319; CGP42112A; Saline; SC; Rat; 1007D; 2ML1; 2ML2; 7, 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma angiotensin II levels; dose-response (table 1); no stress (see pg. 482); peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Wistar, 8 wk. old, 400g.).

P7815 Goldstein,D.M., Alfredson,T., Bertrand,J., Browner,M.F., Clifford,K., Dalrymple,S.A., Dunn,J., Freire-Moar,J., Harris,S., Labadie,S.S., La Fargue,J., Lapierre,J.M., Larrabee,S., Li,F.J., Papp,E., McWeeney,D., Ramesha,C., Roberts,R., Rotstein,D., San Pablo,B., Sjogren,E.B., So,O.Y., Talamas,F.X., Tao,W., Trejo,A., Villasenor,A., Welch,M., Welch,T., Weller,P., Whiteley,P.E., Young,K., Zipfel,S. Discovery of S-[5-amino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-[3-(2,3- dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl]methanone (RO3201195), an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38 map kinase. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 49(-5-):1562-1575. >>> R03201195; PEG 400; SC; Rat; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma concentrations; pumps replaced on day 8; enzyme inhibitor (p38 map kinase); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, Lewis, 120-150g., rat adjuvant arthritis).

P7760 Waeckel,L., Bignon,J., Liu,J.M., Markovits,D., Ebrahimian,T.G., Vilar,J., Mees,B., Blanc-Brude,O., Barateau,V., Le ricousse-Roussanne,S., Duriez,M., Tobelem,G., Wdzieczak-Bakala,J., Levy,B.I., Silvestre,J.S. Tetrapeptide AcSDKP induces postischemic neovascularization through monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 signaling. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 26(-4-):773-779. >>> Peptide, AcSKDP; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; SC; Mice; 2001; 2004; 7, 21 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; replacement therapy (MCP-1 deficient); dose-response (fig. 1); cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); ischemia (hind limb); animal info (c57BI/6, wt or MCP-1 deficient, 10 wk old).

P7681 Colpaert,F.C., Deseure,K., Stinus,L., Adriaensen,H. High-efficacy 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor activation counteracts opioid hyperallodynia and affective conditioning. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2006; 316(-2-):892-899. >>> F13640; morphine, HCl; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced every two weeks; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 220-240 g); during pump replacement a new incision was made about 1 cm away from the previous incision.

P7646 Hirano,T., Ran,J.M., Adachi,M. Opposing actions of angiotensin II type 1 and 2 receptors on plasma cholesterol levels in rats. Journal of Hypertension 2006; 24(-1-):103-108. >>> Angiotensin II; PD123319; CGP42112A; Saline; SC; Rat; 1007D; 2ML1; 2ML2; 2 weeks; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg.105); cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Wistar, 8 wk old, 400 g); Ang II plasma levels taken.

P7623 Ohyama,M., Terunuma,A., Tock,C.L., Radonovich,M.F., Pise-Masison,C.A., Hopping,S.B., Brady,J.N., Udey,M.C., Vogel,J.C. Characterization and isolation of stem cell-enriched human hair follicle bulge cells. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2006; 116(-1-):249-260. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; SC; Mice (nude); 1002; 4-6 weeks; Pumps replaced every 2 weeks; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P7592 Imamura,K., Morii,H., Nakadate,K., Yamada,T., Mataga,N., Watanabe,Y., Mori,N. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor enhances expression of superior cervical ganglia clone 10 in lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex of developing kittens. European Journal of Neuroscience 2006; 23(-3-):637-648. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Cat (kitten); cat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; brain tissue distribution; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); post op. care (ampicillin sodium).

P7718 Toyoda,I., Buckmaster,P.S. Prolonged infusion of cycloheximide does not block mossy fiber sprouting in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2005; 46(-7-):1017-1020. >>> Cycloheximide; CSF, artificial; fluorescein; DMSO; CSF/CNS (dentate gyrus); Rat; 1002; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 40-47 days old); 20% DMSO; 1 mp with agent, 1 mp with vehicle to provide internal control.

P7634 Andersson,N., Islander,U., Egecioglu,E., Loef,E., Swanson,C., Moverare-Skrtic,S., Sjoegren,K., Lindberg,M.K., Carlsten,H., Ohlsson,C. Investigation of central versus peripheral effects of estradiol in ovariectomized mice. Journal of Endocrinology 2005; 187(-2-):303-309. >>> Estradiol, 17B-; Cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl, beta; CSF/CNS; SC; Mice; 1002; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET Brain Infusion Kit used; multiple pumps per animal (2) used; animal info (F, OVX, C57BL/6, 8 weeks old); SC and ICV administration performed concomitantly.

P7532 Helander,H.F., Li,H. Cell proliferation in the gastric epithelium of the ulcer rat. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2005; 40(-12-):1386-1393. >>> Thymidine; gastrin-17, synthetic rat; Saline; BSA; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 2ML2; 1, 2, 6, 13 days; Controls received mp w/ agent and no induced ulcer; functionality of mp verified by plasma gastrin levels; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, 200-250 g); mp primed overnight in 37C s.

P7500 Lotinun,S., Sibonga,J.D., Turner,R.T. Evidence that the cells responsible for marrow fibrosis in a rat model for hyperparathyroidism are preosteoblasts. Endocrinology 2005; 146(-9-):4074-4081. >>> Parathyroid hormone, human 1-34; thymidine, methyl -3H; Sodium chloride; HCl; serum, rat; ethanol; SC; Rat; 1, 2, 4 weeks; 1, 3, 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum PTH; pumps replaced after 2 weeks; stability verified; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, 260 g); 2% ethanol.

P7485 Reeves,S.R., Carter,E.S., Guo,S.Z., Gozal,D. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II mediates critical components of the hypoxic ventilatory response within the nucleus of the solitary tract in adult rats. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology 2005; 289(-3-):R871-R876. >>> KN-93; PBS; CSF/CNS (caudate nucleus solitary tract); Rat; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 1); brain tissue distribution; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 275-300 g); CaMKII antagonist; cannula placement verified by fluorescent labeling.

P7481 Morton,A.C., Arnold,N.D., Gunn,J., Varcoe,R., Francis,S.E., Dower,S.K., Crossman,D.C. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist alters the response to vessel wall injury in a porcine coronary artery model. Cardiovascular Research 2005; 68(-3-):493-501. >>> Interleukin -1 receptor antagonist, recomb. human; Saline, normal; SC; Pig; 2ML2; 14-18, 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality verified by agent plasma levels; pumps replaced at day 14; no stress (see pg. 495); cardiovascular; multiple pumps per animal (3); animal info (Yorkshire white); mp primed; mp implanted sc in groin crease.

P7338 Tsuruda,T., Kato,J., Hatakeyama,K., Masuyama,H., Cao,Y.N., Imamura,T., Kitamura,K., Asada,Y., Eto,T. Antifibrotic effect of adrenomedullin on coronary adventitia in angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats. Cardiovascular Research 2005; 65(-4-):921-929. >>> Angiotensin II; adrenomedullin; Saline; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); agents in separate pumps.

P7286 Balatsouka,D., Gotfredsen,K., Lindh,C.H., Berglundh,T. The impact of nicotine on osseointegration - An experimental study in the femur and tibia of rabbits. CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH 2005; 16(-4-):389-395. >>> Nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt; water, sterile; SC; Rabbit; 2ML4; 2 months; Controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by plasma cotinine levels; long-term study; pumps replaced at 4 weeks; multiple pumps per animal (2); post op. care (streptocillin, temgesic); titanium implants in femur and tibia.

P7264 Boesen,E.I., Anderson,W.P., Kett,M.M. Role of endothelin in noradrenaline-induced hypertension in rats. Journal of Hypertension 2005; 23(-5-):987-993. >>> Noradrenalin; TAK-044; heparin; Saline, heparinized; ascorbic acid; saline; IV (vena cava); Rat; 2ML2; 24 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; dose-response (fig. 2); pumps replaced at day 10; no stress (see pg. 989); stability verified by acute pressor activity after 14 days at 37 degrees celsius in mp; cardiovascular; multiple pumps per animal (2); 10 IU/ml of heparin.

P7232 Karam,S.M., John,R., Alpers,D.H., Ponery,A.S. Retinoic acid stimulates the dynamics of mouse gastric epithelial progenitors. Stem Cells 2005; 23(-3-):433-441. >>> Retinoic acid; uridine, bromodeoxy-; SC; Mice; 1, 3, 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of SC injections vs. mp; cancer (gastric); multiple pumps per animal (2).

P7220 Iwaki,T., Cruz,D.T., Martin,J.A., Castellino,F.J. A cardioprotective role for the endothelial protein C receptor in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in the mouse. Blood 2005; 105(-6-):2364-2371. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; hirudin; Saline, isotonic; IP; Mice; 1003D; 24-72 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; multiple pumps per animal (2); "In order to mimic the conditions of endotoxin shock more closely than the usual bolus LPS injection methods, we used a continual intraperitoneal exposure model in mice with the aid of osmotic pumps" (p. 2370).

P7199 Nasir,I., Kedees,M.H., Ehrlich,M.E., Teitelman,G. The role of pregnancy hormones in the regulation of Pdx-1 expression. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY 2005; 233(-1-2-):1-13. >>> Prolactin, bovine; NaHCO3; SC; Mice; 2001; 4.5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum bPRL levels; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P7195 Debrah,D.O., Conrad,K.P., Danielson,L.A., Shroff,S.G. Effects of relaxin on systemic arterial hemodynamics and mechanical properties in conscious rats: sex dependency and dose response. Journal of Applied Physiology 2005; 98(-3-):1013-1020. >>> Relaxin, recomb.human; Sodium acetate buffer; SC; Rat; 2002; 2ML2; 6, 10 days; Functionality of mp verified by serum rhRLX levels; dose-response (fig.3); comparison of IV injections vs. mp; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); "Circulating relaxin levels are relatively stable and constant over time." (p. 1018).

P7174 Bizat,N., Galas,M.C., Jacquard,C., Boyer,F., Hermel,J.M., Schiffmann,S.N., Hantraye,P., Blum,D., Brouillet,E. Neuroprotective effect of zVAD against the neurotoxin 3-nitropropionic acid involves inhibition of calpain. Neuropharmacology 2005; 49(-5-):695-702. >>> Nitropropionic acid, 3-; zVAD; Saline; DMSO; SC; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 2ML1; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle sham operation; enzyme inhibitor (caspase, calpain), multiple pumps per animal (2); 40% DMSO.

P7160 Cettour-Rose,P., Theander-Carrillo,C., Asensio,C., Klein,M., Visser,T.J., Burger,A.G., Meier,C.A., Rohner-Jeanrenaud,F. Hypothyroidism in rats decreases peripheral glucose utilisation, a defect partially corrected by central leptin infusion. Diabetologia 2005; 48(-4-):624-633. >>> Thyroxine; leptin, human analog; triiodothyronine, reverse; Saline, isotonic; SC; Rat; 2001; 3, 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, functionality of mp verified by plasma levels, replacement therapy (hypothyroidism), enzyme inhibitor (deiodinase), peptides, multiple pumps per animal (2), agents are also known as T3 and T4.

P7144 Miyauchi,M., Qu,Z.L., Miyauchi,Y., Zhou,S.M., Pak,H., Mandel,W.J., Fishbein,M.C., Chen,P.S., Karagueuzian,H.S. Chronic nicotine in hearts with healed ventricular myocardial infarction promotes atrial flutter that resembles typical human atrial flutter. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2005; 288(-6-):H2878-H2886. >>> Nicotine; SC; Dog (mongrel); 2ML4; 28 days; Functionality of mp verified by nicotine plasma levels; MRI; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P7136 Bandyopadhyay,A., Wang,L., Loepz-Casillas,F., Mendoza,V., Yeh,I.T., Sun,L.Z. Systemic administration of a soluble betaglycan suppresses tumor growth, angiogenesis, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in a human xenograft model of prostate cancer. PROSTATE 2005; 63(-1-):81-90. >>> Transforming growth factor-B3 receptor, recomb. soluble; PBS; SC; Mice (nude); 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of IP injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 84,88); cancer (prostate); multiple pumps per animal (2).

P7127 Kwon,T.H., Nielsen,J., Knepper,M.A., Frokiaer,J., Nielsen,S. Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade decreases vasopressin-induced water reabsorption and AQP2 levels in NaCl-restricted rats. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 2005; 288(-4-):F673-F684. >>> Vasopressin, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine; candesartan; Saline, physiological; Na2CO3; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); mp primed 4 hours in 37 degrees celsius saline.

P7013 Welch,W.J., Blau,J., Xie,H., Chabrashvili,T., Wilcox,C.S. Angiotensin-induced defects in renal oxygenation: role of oxidative stress. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2005; 288(-1-):H22-H28. >>> Angiotensin II; tempol; Sodium chloride; SC; Rat; 2002; 12-13 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (pg. H23); cardiovascular; antihypertensive; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6953 Thaete,L.G., Kushner,D.M., Dewey,E.R., Neerhof,M.G. Endothelin and the regulation of uteroplacental perfusion in nitric oxide synthase inhibition-induced fetal growth restriction. PLACENTA 2005; 26(-2-3-):242-250. >>> L-NAME; A-127722; Saline; ethyl alcohol; NaOH; water; propylene glycol; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2ML1; 1,4,7 days; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume; stability verified by prior experiment (24 days); multiple pumps per animal (2); drugs infused in separate pumps; A-127722 (ETA receptor antagonist) was dissolved in 20% alcohol, 40% PG and 0.04 M of NaOH.

P7178 Cellini,C., Xu,J., Arriaga,A., Buchmiller-Crair,T.L., Buchmiller-Crair,T.L. Effect of epidermal growth factor infusion on fetal rabbit intrauterine growth retardation and small intestinal development. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2004; 39(-6-):891-897. >>> Epidermal growth factor, recomb.human; BSA; Intra-amniotic; Rabbit (pregnant); 2ML1; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; no stress (see pg. 893); teratology; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (4).

P7031 Hild,S.A., Attardi,B.J., Reel,J.R. The ability of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, acyline, to prevent irreversible infertility induced by the indenopyridine, CDB-4022, in adult male rats: The role of testosterone. Biology of Reproduction 2004; 71(-1-):348-358. >>> Acyline; Tween 80; water, bacteriostatic; SC; Rat; 2002; 2004; 2,4,10,14 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 2); long-term study; pumps replaced every 4 weeks; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); in exp.II two rats died at weeks 14 and 16, both had received mp w/ vehicle weeks -4 to 0, mp removed at week 0; GRH antagonist.

P7006 Christe,M., Jin,N., Wang,X.S., Gould,K.E., Iversen,P.W., Yu,X.H., Lorenz,J.N., Kadambi,V., Zuckerman,S.H., Bloem,L.J. Transgenic mice with cardiac-specific over-expression of MLK7 have increased mortality when exposed to chronic beta-adrenergic stimulation. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 2004; 37(-3-):705-715. >>> Isoproterenol; nadolol; Ascorbic acid; Mice (transgenic); mice; 1, 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig 5); comparison of IP injections vs. mp; cardiovascular; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6993 Thomas,M., Keramidas,M., Monchaux,E., Feige,J.J. Dual hormonal regulation of endocrine tissue mass and vasculature by adrenocorticotropin in the adrenal cortex. Endocrinology 2004; 145(-9-):4320-4329. >>> Dexamethasone; ACTH (1-39), human; Cyclodextrin; SC; Mice; 2002; 1-14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6992 Wolfe,D., Niranjan,A., Trichel,A., Wiley,C., Ozuer,A., Kanal,E., Kondziolka,D., Krisky,D., Goss,J., DeLuca,N., Murphey-Corb,M., Glorioso,J.C. Safety and biodistribution studies of an HSV multigene vector following intracranial delivery to non-human primates. Gene Therapy 2004; 11(-23-):1675-1684. >>> Ganciclovir; SC; Monkey (Rhesus); 2ML1; 2ML2; 4,5,34,35 days; Pumps replaced after 2 weeks; no stress (see pg. 1677); cancer (glioblastoma); toxicology; MRI; multiple pumps per animal (2); gene therapy.

P6976 Gerashchenko,D., Shiromani,P.J. Effects of inflammation produced by chronic lipopolysaccharide administration on the survival of hypocretin neurons and sleep. Brain Research 2004; 1019(-1-2-):162-169. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; PBS; CSF/CNS (hypothalamus); Rat; 2004; 30 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle into contralateral side of the brain; comparison of ICV injections vs. mp; multiple pumps per animal (2); EEG and EMG electrodes implanted recordings collected throughout infusion.

P6890 Liu,I.Y.C., Lyons,W.E., Mamounas,L.A., Thompson,R.F. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor plays a critical role in contextual fear conditioning. Journal of Neuroscience 2004; 24(-36-):7958-7963. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); Mice; 1007D; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (BDNF knockout mice); dose-response (fig. 7); pumps replaced at the end of the 1st week; no stress (see pg. 7960); brain tissue distribution; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); "all mice appeared well groomed and healthy and exhibited no abnormal behaviors in their home cage." (p. 7960).

P6889 Shahar,T., House,S.B., Gainer,H. Neural activity protects hypothalamic magnocellular neurons against axotomy-induced programmed cell death. Journal of Neuroscience 2004; 24(-29-):6553-6562. >>> Tetrodotoxin; PBS, sterile; CSF/CNS (supraoptic nucleus); Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle to contralateral side; good methods (p. 6554); multiple pumps per animal (2); post op. care (ketoprofen); diagram shows placement of mp (fig. 1); mp filled >12 hours before surgery and primed in PBS at 37 degrees Celsius.

P6843 Zimmerman,M.C., Lazartigues,E., Sharma,R.V., Davisson,R.L. Hypertension caused by angiotensin II infusion involves increased superoxide production in the central nervous system. Circulation Research 2004; 95(-2-):210-216. >>> Angiotensin II; losartan; SC; CSF/CNS; Mice; 1002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); AT1 receptor antagonists.

P6818 Bermack,J.E., Haddjeri,N., Debonnel,G. Effects of the potential antidepressant OPC-14523 [1-[3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]propyl]-5-methoxy-3,4-dihydro- 2-quinolinone monomethanesulfonate] a combined sigma and 5-HT1A ligand: Modulation of neuronal activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2004; 310(-2-):578-583. >>> OPC-14523; NE-100; Ethanol; water, distilled; SC; Rat; 2 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); 5% ethanol; OPC-14523 is an antidepressant and NE-100 is an alpha 1 antagonist.

P6793 Stocks,R.M.S., Gould,H.J., Bush,A.J., Dudney,BW Jr, Pousson,M., Thompson,J.W. Ototoxic protection of sodium thiosulfate: Daily vs constant infusion. OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2004; 131(-1-):115-119. >>> Thiosulfate, sodium; Ear (middle ear space); Guinea-pig; 2002; 18 days; Controls received no treatment to right ear; comparison of daily middle ear space injections vs. mp; pumps replaced after 7 days; multiple pumps per animal (2); "Continuous infusion of STS is the preferred method of administration." (p. 118) "STS continuously infused into the middle ear system provides a greater protective function than daily injection." (p. 119); tissue perfusion (middle ear space).

P6773 Conrad,K.P., Debrah,D.O., Novak,J., Danielson,L.A., Shroff,S.G. Relaxin modifies systemic arterial resistance and compliance in conscious, nonpregnant rats. Endocrinology 2004; 145(-7-):3289-3296. >>> Relaxin, recomb. human; Sodium acetate; SC; Rat; 2002; 2ML2; 5, 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum rhRLX levels; dose-response (fig. 1); cardiovascular; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6695 Qi,Z.H., Whitt,I., Mehta,A., Jin,J.P., Zhao,M., Harris,R.C., Fogo,A.B., Breyer,M.D. Serial determination of glomerular filtration rate in conscious mice using FITC-inulin clearance. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 2004; 286(-3-):F590-F596. >>> FITC-inulin; Saline; IP; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Functionality of mp verified by FITC-inulin plasma levels takenl; comparison of bolus injections vs. IP mp; good methods p. F591; multiple pumps per animal (2); diabetes; in detail solubilization methods; "using two pumps, a plasma fluorescence level two to six times higher than background was achieved." p.F591.

P6641 Figlewicz,D.P., Zavosh,A., Sexton,T., Neumaier,J.F. Catabolic action of insulin in rat arcuate nucleus is not enhanced by exogenous "tub" expression. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2004; 286(-6-):E1004-E1010. >>> Insulin; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (arcuate nucleus); Rat; 1007D; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 4); peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6579 Pearse,D.D., Pereira,F.C., Marcillo,A.E., Bates,M.L., Berrocal,Y.A., Filbin,M.T., Bunge,M.B. cAMP and Schwann cells promote axonal growth and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Nature Medicine 2004; 10(-6-):610-616. >>> Rolipram; DMSO; SC; Rat; 2001; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; both pumps replaced after 1 week; enzyme inhibitor (phosphodiesterase IV); multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6525 Bai,S., Stepkowski,S.M., Kahan,B.D., Brunner,L.J. Metabolic interaction between cyclosporine and sirolimus. Transplantation 2004; 77(-10-):1507-1512. >>> Cyclosporin; sirolimus; Sandimmune IV solution; dimethylacetamide, N-N-; Tween 80; PEG 400; IV (femoral); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); CSA was purchased as sandimmune IV solution (cremophor or castor oil and 33% ethanol); SRL was dissolved in Tween 80 (10%), PEG 400 (70%), and dimethyl acetamide, N-N- (20%); Immunology.

P6496 Helander,H.F., Poorkhalkali,N. Parietal cell density during gastric ulcer healing in the rat. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2004; 39(-1-):20-26. >>> Thymidine, (methyl-3H)-; gastrin-17, synthetic rat; Saline; BSA; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 2ML2; 1,2,6,13 days; Functionality of mp verified by gastrin plasma concentrations; multiple pumps per animal (2); mp primed overnight in saline @ 37 degrees Celsius.

P6461 Zhang,X.L., Lassila,M., Cooper,M.E., Cao,Z.M. Retinal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor is mediated by angiotensin type 1 and type 2 receptors. Hypertension 2004; 43(-2-):276-281. >>> Angiotensin II; PD123319; Sodium chloride; acetic acid; SC; Rat; 2002; 2004; 2,4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; STZ induced diabetes; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6437 Wenk,G.L., gann-Gramling,K., Hauss-Wegrzyniak,B. The presence of the APPswe mutation in mice does not increase the vulnerability of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons to neuroinflammation. Neuroscience 2004; 125(-3-):769-776. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; memantine; CSF, artificial; saline; CSF/CNS (basal forebrain); Mice (transgenic); 1002; 20 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (basal forebrain); multiple pumps per animal (2); Plastics One cannula used with tygon tubing; secured with dental cement; second pump contained memantine/saline and was implanted on the other side of the spine.

P6395 Dunn,S.R., Qi,Z.H., Bottinger,E.P., Breyer,M.D., Sharma,K. Utility of endogenous creatinine clearance as a measure of renal function in mice. Kidney International 2004; 65(-5-):1959-1967. >>> FITC-inulin; Sodium chloride; IP; Mice; 1007D; ; FITC-inulin plasma levels taken; multiple pumps per animal (2); solution was filtered during pump filling; diabetes.

P6385 Kilic,U., Kilic,E., Lingor,P., Yulug,B., Baehr,M. Rifampicin inhibits neurodegeneration in the optic nerve transection model in vivo and after 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium intoxication in vitro. Acta Neuropathologica 2004; 108(-1-):65-68. >>> Rifampicin; Ethanol; saline; IP; Rat; 1002; 14 days; Half-life (p. 65), 2-5 hours; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6270 Blakley,G.G., Pohorecky,L.A., Benjamin,D. Behavioral and endocrine changes following antisense oligonucleotide-induced reduction in the rat NOP receptor. Psychopharmacology 2004; 171(-4-):421-428. >>> Oligonucleotide, antisense; oligonucleotide, missense; Water, nuclease free; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 26 days; Controls received mp w/ MSO; antisense (NOP receptor); multiple pumps per animal (2); bilateral infusion using plastics one cannula.

P6893 Bizat,N, Hermel,J.M., Humbert,S, Jacquard,C., Creminon,C., Escartin,C., Saudou,F, Krajewski,S., Hantraye,P., Brouillet,E. In Vivo Calpain/Caspase Cross-talk during 3-Nitropropionic Acid-induced Striatal Degeneration. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2003; 278(-44-):43245-43253. >>> Nitropropionic acid, 3-; calpain inhibitor I; DMSO; PBS; SC; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 2ML1; 1-5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or sham operation; enzyme inhibitor (succinate dehydrogenase); ALZET brain infusion kit used; multiple pumps per animal (2); 40% DMSO used for calpain inhibitor I; neurodegenerative (Huntington's disease).

P6480 Traish,A.M., Kim,N.N., Huang,Y.H., Min,K., Munarriz,R., Goldstein,I. Sex steroid hormones differentially regulate nitric oxide synthase and arginase activities in the proximal and distal rabbit vagina. International Journal of Impotence Research 2003; 15(-6-):397-404. >>> Testosterone; dehydroepiandrosterone; dihydrotestosterone, 5-alpha-; androstenediol, delta 5-3B, 17B; estradiol; progesterone; PEG; SC; Rabbit; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (ovariectomy); multiple pumps per animal (2).

P6197 Marshall,J.W.B., Green,A.R., Ridley,R.M. Comparison of the neuroprotective effect of clomethiazole, AR-R15896AR and NXY-059 in a primate model of stroke using histological and behavioural measures. Brain Research 2003; 972(-1-2-):119-126. >>> Clomethiazole; AR-R15896AR; NXY-059; SC; Monkey; 2001D; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by plasma drug concentration at 24 hours; pumps replaced after 24 hours; multiple pumps per animal (2 for NXY-059 exp); post-op care (incubator 3-5 days); AR-R15896AR is a low affinity uncompetetive NMDA antagonist; NXY-059 is a nitrone-derived free radical trapping agent; ischemia (cerebral).

P6186 Tamamura,H., Hori,A., Kanzaki,N., Hiramatsu,K., Mizumoto,M., Nakashima,H., Yamamoto,N., Otaka,A., Fujii,N. T140 analogs as CXCR4 antagonists identified as anti-metastatic agents in the treatment of breast cancer. FEBS Letters 2003; 550(-1-3-):79-83. >>> 4F-benzoyl-TN14003; Saline; SC; Mice (SCID); 1002; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced at 14 days; cancer (breast); peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); T140 analog.

P6058 DeLeve,L.D., Wang,X.D., Kanel,G.C., Ito,Y., Bethea,N.W., McCuskey,M.K., Tokes,Z.A., Tsai,J., McCuskey,R.S. Decreased hepatic nitric oxide production contributes to the development of rat sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. Hepatology 2003; 38(-4-):900-908. >>> V-PYRRO/NO; IV (inferior mesenteric); Rat; 2ML1; 4 days; N-PYRRO/NO is a liver-selective NO donor prodrug. "5 mg/ml, is the maximum concentration that can be used to avoid solubility problems." p. 901; experiments that required a higher dose of V-PYRRO/NO, multiple pumps per animal used (2) to deliver the drugs; with the second pump infusing via a cannula inserted into a tributary of the splenic vein.

P6042 Terunuma,A., Jackson,K.L., Kapoor,V., Telford,W.G., Vogel,J.C. Side population keratinocytes resembling bone marrow side population stem cells are distinct from label-retaining keratinocyte stem cells. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2003; 121(-5-):1095-1103. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; SC; Mice (nude); 1002; 6 weeks; Pumps replaced every 2 weeks; multiple pumps per animal (2); labeling of skin grafts.

P5997 Kuroiwa,M., Takeuchi,T., Lee,J.H., Yoshizawa,J., Hirato,J., Kaneko,S., Choi,S.H., Suzuki,N., Ikeda,H., Tsuchida,Y. Continuous versus intermittent administration of human endostatin in xenografted human neuroblastoma. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2003; 38(-10-):1499-1505. >>> Endostatin, recomb. human; Saline; SC; Mice (nude); 1003D; 3 days; Controls received 3 mp w/ vehicle; comparison of SC injections vs. mp; no stress (see p. 1501); cancer (neuroblastoma); angiogenesis inhibitor; multiple pumps per animal (3); picture of nude mouse w/3 pumps (fig.1; p. 1500); "The set of 3 osmotic pumps was retained successfully in the subcutaneous tissue of the treated and control animals throughout the experiment, no decrease in body weight was observed in either group." (p. 1501).

P5909 Morinville,A., Cahill,C.M., Esdaile,M.J., Aibak,H., Collier,B., Kieffer,B.L., Beaudet,A. Regulation of delta-opioid receptor trafficking via mu-opioid receptor stimulation: Evidence from mu-opioid receptor knock-out mice. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-12-):4888-4898. >>> Fentanyl Citrate; Saline; SC; Rat; 2001; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; analgesic; "because of its reported short half-life and duration of action, fentanyl citrate was also administered chronically via osmotic mini-pumps." p. 4889; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P5893 Kalinichev,M., Holtzman,S.G. Changes in urination/defecation, auditory startle response, and startle-induced ultrasonic vocalizations in rats undergoing morphine withdrawal: Similarities and differences between acute and chronic dependence. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2003; 304(-2-):603-609. >>> Morphine; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of acute injections vs. chronic mp; tolerance; dependence; multiple pumps per animal used (2).

P5791 Sallmen,T., Lozada,A.F., Beckman,A.L., Panula,P. Intrahippocampal histamine delays arousal from hibernation. Brain Research 2003; 966(-2-):317-320. >>> Histamine; Saline; CSF/CNS (Dorsal Hippocampus); Squirrel; 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; 1 week recovery period; bilateral cannula used; multiple pumps per animal (2); pump model not specified (0.25 ml/hr pump used); cannula placement verified at the end of study by eresyl violet staining.

P5704 Yin,D.H., Gao,W.Q., Kearbey,J.D., Xu,H.P., Chung,K.W., He,Y.L., Marhefka,C.A., Veverka,K.A., Miller,D.D., Dalton,J.T. Pharmacodynamics of selective androgen receptor modulators. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2003; 304(-3-):1334-1340. >>> Testosterone propionate; bicalutamide derivatives; hydroxyflutamide derivatives; PEG 300; DMSO; ethanol; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response; multiple pumps per animal (1-2) due to limited solubility; derivatives were isomers of novel nonsteroidal androgens; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 90-100 g, castrated).

P5685 Cormier,A., Morin,C., Zini,R., Tillement,J.P., Lagrue,G. Nicotine protects rat brain mitochondria against experimental injuries. Neuropharmacology 2003; 44(-5-):642-652. >>> Nicotine bitartrate; rotenone; Saline; DMSO; PEG; SC; IV (jugular); Rat; 2001; 2002; 2ML2; 7, 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig 2; p. 647); neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease); 50% DMSO: 50% PEG vehicle for rotenone; multiple pumps per animal (2); rotenone dissolved in 50/50 DMSO/PEG and delivered via 2ML2 pumps; nicotine dissolved in saline and delivered via 2001 and 2002 pumps..

P5644 Poorkhalkali,N., Helander,H.F. Cell kinetics of the oesophageal epithelium in the rat: Effects of hypergastrinaemia. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2003; 38(-1-):14-19. >>> Gastrin-17; thymidine; Saline; BSA; radio-isotopes; 3H tracer; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 2ML2; 24 hrs; 6,9,15,17 days; Comparison of acute injections vs. mp; pumps replaced after 13 days in some groups; multiple pumps per animal (2) in one group (one with each agent); gastrin dissolved in saline w/ BSA.

P5326 Greive,K.A., Osicka,T.M., Russo,L.M., Comper,W.D. Nephrotic-like proteinuria in experimental diabetes. American Journal of Nephrology 2003; 23(-1-):38-46. >>> Immunoglobulin G; Albumin, rat serum; Transferrin; 3H Tracer; PBS; 14C Tracer; Radio-isotopes; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Functionality of mp verified by plasma protein levels; rat serum albumin labeled w/ 14C; IgG and transferrin labeled w/ 3H; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P7118 Gilberto,D.B., Motzel,S.L., Bone,A.N., Burns,C.L., Zeoli,A.H., Lodge,K.E., Goode,T.L. Use of three infusion pumps for postoperative administration of buprenorphine or morphine in dogs. JAVMA 2002; 220(-11-):1655-1660. >>> Buprenorphine; SC; Dog; 2ML1; 48 hours; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume and serum buprenorphine levels; comparison of infudisk, pegasus vs. ALZET vs. mp; multiple pumps per animal (3,4); mp primed overnight in sterile saline; paper provides list of most possible negative outcomes. Upon pump removal the incisions were closed with tissue glue; ALZET pump was the most cost effective method.

P6166 Min,K., Munarriz,R., Kim,N.N., Goldstein,I., Traish,A. Effects of ovariectomy and estrogen and androgen treatment on sildenaf il-mediated changes in female genital blood flow and vaginal lubricati on in the animal model. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2002; 187(-5-):1370-1376. >>> Estradiol; testosterone; PEG; SC; Rabbit; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; estradiol plasma levels taken; replacement therapy (ovariectomy); multiple pumps per animal used (2) for estradiol and testosterone group; animal info (female, New Zealand, white, 3.5-4.0 kg).

P5880 Wang,W.D., Li,C.L., Kwon,T.H., Knepper,M.A., Frokiaer,J., Nielsen,S. AQP3, p-AQP2, and AQP2 expression is reduced in polyuric rats with hypercalcemia: prevention by cAMP-PDE inhibitors. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 2002; 283(-6-):F1313-F1325. >>> Rolipram; milrinone; DMSO; Lactic acid; SC; IP; Rat; 2001; 8 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; enzyme inhibitor (cAMP-phosphodiesterase); Rolipram (implanted SC) was dissolved in 50% DMSO&milrinone was dissolved in 30% lactic acid implanted IP; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P5861 Scheinowitz,M., Heled,Y., Chouraqui,P., Vered,Z., Hayardeni,Y., Kotlyar,A., Castel,D., Livschitz,S., Barak,V., Savion,N., Eldar,M. Dalteparin sodium (Fragmin (R) administration following acute infarction does not affect myocardial perfusion and function in swine. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy 2002; 16(-4-):303-309. >>> Dalteparin sodium; albumin; IP; Pig; 2ML1; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ albumin; functionality of mp verified by blood samples taken; multiple pumps per animal (2); Dalteparin sodium (Fragminâ) is a low molecular weight heparin derivative.

P5846 Nemade,R.V., Carrette,O., Larsen,W.J., Markoff,E. Involvement of nitric oxide and the ovarian blood follicle barrier in murine follicular cyst development. Fertility and Sterility 2002; 78(-6-):1301-1308. >>> L-NAME; D-NAME; Gonadotrophin, human chorionic; Water, sterile; SC; Mice; 1003D; 1007D; 3,4,7 days; Functionality of mp verified by plasma levels taken; enzyme inhibitor (nitric oxide synthase) "L-NAME"; multiple pumps per animal in some groups; human choriogonadotropin is (hCG).

P5491 Gruhn,N., Boesgaard,S., Andersen,C., Aldershvile,J. Nitroglycerin tolerance: Different mechanisms in vascular segments with or without intact endothelial function. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 2002; 40(-2-):201-209. >>> Nitroglycerin; losartan; Saline; ethanol; SC; IV; Rat; 2ML1; 3 days; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P5389 Kagiyama,S., Eguchi,S., Frank,G.D., Inagami,T., Zhang,Y.C., Phillips,M.I. Angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and hypertension are attenuated by epidermal growth factor receptor antisense. Circulation 2002; 106(-8-):909-912. >>> Angiotensin II; Oligodeoxynucleotide, antisense; SC; IV; Rat; 2002; 2ML4; 14 days; Antisense; multiple pumps per animal (2); 2002 pump implanted SC for Ang II delivery and 2ML2 used for IV administration of antisense.

P5348 Macdonald,R.L., Zhang,Z.D., Curry,D., Elas,M., Aihara,Y., Halpern,H., Jahromi,B.S., Johns,L. Intracisternal sodium nitroprusside fails to prevent vasospasm in nonhuman primates. Neurosurgery 2002; 51(-3-):761-768. >>> Nitroprusside, sodium; Dextrose; water; CSF/CNS (subarachnoid, intrathecal); Monkey (cynomolgus); 7 days; Multiple pumps per animal (2); pumps connected to fenestrated catheter tubing placed between the right cerebral arteries and alongside a subarachnoid clot; drug stable for 7 days at 37C.

P5196 El Haj,T., Poole,S., Farthing,M.J., Ballinger,A.B. Anorexia in a rat model of colitis: interaction of interleukin-1 and hypothalamic serotonin. Brain Res 2002/2/8; 927(-1-):1-7. >>> Antibody, anti-Tumor necrosis factor-a; Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; Immunoglobulin G; Saline; CSF/CNS (paraventricular nucleus); CSF/CNS; Rat; 1007D; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality verified by checking residual volume; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); 1007D delivered IL-1 receptor antagonist or saline to paraventricular nucleus; 2001 pumps delivered anti-TNF-a antibody to PVN; bilateral cannulae used.

P5169 Gotoh,Y., Kato,Y., Stieger,B., Meier,P.J., Sugiyama,Y. Gender difference in the Oatp1-mediated tubular reabsorption of estradiol 17 beta-D-glucuronide in rats. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2002; 282(--):E1245-E1254. >>> Testosterone; PEG 400; SC; Rat; 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (orchidectomy); multiple pumps per animal (2).

P5165 Halloran,B., Uden,P., Duh,Q.Y., Kikuchi,S., Wieder,T., Cao,J., Clark,O. Parathyroid gland volume increases with postmaturational aging in the rat. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2002; 282(--):E557-E563. >>> Meglumine iothalamate; Uridine, bromodeoxy-; DMSO; Propylene glycol; SC; rat; 2001; 2ML1; 4 days; iothalamate used to measure glomerular filtration rate; multiple pumps per animal (2); undiluted iothalamate infused via 2ML1 pumps; BrdU in DMSO/PG (50:50) was infused via 2001 pumps; parathyroid cell proliferation labelling.

P5142 Kim,I.S., Ariyaratne,H.B., Mendis-Handagama,S.M. Changes in the testis interstitium of Brown Norway rats with aging and effects of luteinizing and thyroid hormones on the aged testes in enhancing the steroidogenic potential. Biol Reprod. 2002/5; 66(--):1359-1366. >>> Luteinizing hormone; Thyroxine; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML4; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by residual volume and plasma levels of LH&T4 via radioimmunoassay; dose-response (table, p. 1364); multiple pumps per animal (1-2): one for T4 and one for LH.

P5130 Arthur,D., Levin,E.D. Chronic inhibition of alpha 4 beta 2 nicotinic receptors in the ventral hippocampus of rats: impacts on memory and nicotine response. Psychopharmacology 2002; 160(--):140-145. >>> Erythroidine, dihydro-beta; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); rat; 2004; 28 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; dihydro-B-erythroidine is a nicotinic antagonist; alkaloid; bilateral cannula connected to 2 pumps: one infusing vehicle and one infusing DHBE; multiple pumps per animal (2); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease research).

P5097 Garverick,H.A., Baxter,G., Gong,J., Armstrong,D.G., Campbell,B.K., Gutierrez,C.G., Webb,R. Regulation of expression of ovarian mRNA encoding steroidogenic enzymes and gonadotrophin receptors by FSH and GH in hypogonadotrophic cattle. REPRODUCTION 2002; 123(--):651-661. >>> Citalopram; Saline; propylene glycol; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 7.5 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; dose-response (fig. 1); stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 1696) at day 10, "minimal signs of beginning necrosis were found on the back of three out of eight rats" in the highest dose group; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 250 g); "Clearly chronic exposure is superior to acute exposure also in animal studies when mimicking the clinical situation." (p. 1688)..

P5208 Ramoa,A.S., Mower,A.F., Liao,D., Jafri,S.I. Suppression of cortical NMDA receptor function prevents development of orientation selectivity in the primary visual cortex. J Neurosci. 2001/6/15; 21(-12-):4299-4309. >>> Oligodeoxynucleotide, antisense; Oligodeoxynucleotide, sense; Oligodeoxynucleotide, missense; PBS; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Ferret; 2002; 2004; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ missense ODNs; pumps replaced every 2 weeks; antisense ODN suppessed NMDA receptor; infusion rate set at 0.5 ul/hr, which was achieved by multiple pumps per animal (2) 2004 pumps implanted simultaneously or 2002 pumps replaced after 2 weeks.

P4957 Peeling,J., Del Bigio,M.R., Corbett,D., Green,A.R., Jackson,D.M. Efficacy of disodium 4-[(tert-butylimino)methyl]benzene-1,3-disulfonat e N-oxide (NXY-059), a free radical trapping agent, in a rat model of hemorrhagic stroke. Neuropharmacology 2001; 40(--):433-439. >>> NXY-059; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 3 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma NXY-059 levels; dose-response (p. 436 section 3.1); stability verified by checking concentration of remaining drug p. 436); multiple pumps per animal (2); NXY-059 traps free radicals in the brain and may reduce brain injury in hemorrhagic stroke; ischemia (cerebral).

P4932 Boozer,C.N., Leibel,R.L., Love,R.J., Cha,M.C., Aronne,L.J. Synergy of sibutramine and low-dose leptin in treatment of diet-induced obesity in rats. METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL 2001; 50(-8-):889-893. >>> Sibutramine; Leptin; Saline; Sodium citrate; SC; rat; 2002; 2ML4; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma leptin levels; dose response (table 3 p. 892); rats given either sibutramine, leptin, both, or vehicle; sibutramine is an antianorexigenic agent; leptin dissolved in sodium citrate vehicle, sibutramine in saline vehicle; Sibutramine + Leptin group received multiple pumps per animal (2)..

P4910 Houghton,A.K., Parsons,C.G., Headley,P.M. Mrz 2/579, a fast kinetic NMDA channel blocker, reduces the development of morphine tolerance in awake rats. Pain 2001; 91(--):201-207. >>> Morphine HCl; Mrz 2/579; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 72 hours; controls received mp w/ vehicle; half-life (p. 202) Mrz 2/579 plasma of 140-180 minutes; Mrz 2/579 is an NMDA channel blocker (antagonist); one group received morphine alone, other group received multiple pumps per animal (2), one containing morphine, one containing Mrz 2/579;.

P4893 Conlon,M.A., Kita,K. Porcine growth hormone and LongR (3)IGF-I can improve recovery from surgery-induced weight loss in guinea pigs. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2001; 123(--):332-336. >>> Growth hormone, porcine; Insulin-like growth factor I analog; Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate; Acetic acid; SC; guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functonality of mp verified by serum drug levels; dose response (text, graph p. 334-5); peptides; LR3IGF-1 is an IGF-I analog; multiple pumps per animal (2), one containing each solution; pGH was dissolvd in 0.1M disodium hydrogen orthophosphate; L3IGF-1 was dissolved in 0.1 M acetic acid.

P4851 Marshall,J.W.B., Duffin,K.J., Green,A.R., Ridley,R.R. NXY-059, a free radical-trapping agent, substantially lessens the functional disability resulting from cerebral ischemia in a primate species. Stroke 2001; 32(--):190-198. >>> NXY-059; Saline; SC; monkey (marmoset); 2001D; 48 hours; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma drug levels; pumps replaced after 24 hours; NXY-059 is a novel free-radical trapping agent; multiple pumps per animal (2) used simultaneously; ischemia (cerebral).

P4849 Tsai,Y.C., Won,S.J. Effects of tramadol on T lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer cell activity in rats with sciatic constriction injury. Pain 2001; 92(--):63-69. >>> Tramadol; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of sc injections vs. mp; immunology; multiple pumps per animal (2) used in high-dose groups; nociception; tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic..

P4824 Stout,S.C., Owens,M.J., Lindsey,K.P., Knight,D.L., Nemeroff,C.B. Effects of sodium valproate on corticotropin-releasing factor systems in rat brain.. Neuropsychopharmacology 2001; 24(-6-):624-631. >>> Valproate, sodium;; Water;; SC;; rat;; 2ML1;; 1 week;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; comparison of acute injections vs. mp; half-life of valproate is 17 min. after acute injection (p. 624); sodium valproate used was 2-propyl pentanoic acid - Na salt; one or multiple pumps per animal (2).

P5253 Manunta,P., Hamilton,J., Rogowski,A.C., Hamilton,B.P., Hamlyn,J.M. Chronic hypertension induced by ouabain but not digoxin in the rat: antihypertensive effect of digoxin and digitoxin. Hypertens Res 2000/9; 23 Suppl(--):S77-S85. >>> Ouabain; Ouabagenin; Digoxin; Digotoxin; PBS; SC; Rat; 2002; 5 weeks; Controls received mp/ vehicle; functionality verified by residual volume; dose-response (p.581); pumps replaced every 14 days; antihypertensive; plasma levels of all agents verified by immunoassay; multiple pumps per animal (2) used simultaneously in one experiment.

P4830 Yang,G.S.Y., Song,H.T., Keithley,E.M., Harris,J.P. Intratympanic immunosuppressives for prevention of immune-mediated sensorineural hearing loss.. American Journal of Otology 2000; 21(--):499-504. >>> Dexamethasone;; PBS;; Ear (round window membrane);; guinea-pig;; 2002;; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (bulla); comparison of IP injections vs. mp; multiple pumps per animal (2) (one containing dexamethasone for one ear, the other containing PBS for the other ear);.

P4752 Mann,G.E, Lamming,G.E. Effect of continuous infusioin of a GNRH agonist (Buserelin) on ovarian hormone secretion and estrous cycle length in cows.. Theriogenology 2000; 54(--):219-227. >>> Buserelin;; SC;; cattle (lactating);; 2ML2;; 30 days;; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume; pumps replaced at Day 16; multiple pumps per animal (2) used at once; Buserelin is a GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)..

P4705 Adler,M., Capacio,B, Deshpande,S.S. Antagonism of botulinum toxin A-mediated muscle paralysis by 3,4-diaminopyridine delivered via osmotic minipumps.. Toxicon 2000; 38(--):1381-1388. >>> Pyridine, 3,4-diamino-;; Saline;; SC;; rat;; 2ML1;; 7 days;; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; toxicology; multiple pumps per animal (2); 3,4-DAP is a potassium channel blocker;.

P4703 Besson,A, Haddjeri,N., Blier,P., de Montigny,C. Effects of the co-administration of mirtazapine and paroxetine on serotonergic neurotransmission in the rat brain.. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2000; 10(--):177-188. >>> Mirtazapine; Paroxetine;; Water; Ethanol;; SC;; rat;; 2 or 21 days;; No stress (see pg; 178); Antidepressant treatment; 80:20 water/ethanol vehicle used in 2 day study; 50:50 water/ethanol vehicle used in 21 day study; multiple pumps per animal (2) used for mirtazapine-paroxetine combination group;.

P4677 Rabchevsky,A.G, Fugaccia,I, Turner,A.F, Blades,D.A, Mattson,M.P, Scheff,S.W  Experimental Neurology 2000; 164(--):280-291. >>> Fibroblast growth factor, basic; Saline; BSA; CSF/CNS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; good surgical methods (p. 281-282); peptides; ALZET brain infusion kit used; multiple pumps per animal (2) used simultaneously (one for ICV infusion and one for intrathecal infusion); schematic representation of pump infusion on p. 281; beveled PE10 tubing interfaced with PE50 tubing used for intrathecal infusion;.

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