References on Arthritis Research Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

Q0705 Ren,P.G., Irani,A., Huang,Z.N., Ma,T., Biswal,S., Goodman,S.B. Continuous Infusion of UHMWPE Particles Induces Increased Bone Macrophages and Osteolysis. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 2011; 469(-1-):113-122. >>> Polyethylene particles, UHMWPE; Saline; Bone (femur); Mice (nude); 2006; 3 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (12 wks old, male); post op. care (buprenorphine), pg 115; Fig 1A, diagram of pump and catheter placement; pump connected to titanium rod; bioluminescence; Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE).

Q0010 Ergang,P., Leden,P., Vagnerova,K., Klusonova,P., Miksik,I., Jurcovicova,J., Kment,M., Pacha,J. Local metabolism of glucocorticoids and its role in rat adjuvant arthritis. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY 2010; 323(-2-):155-160. >>> Anakinra; Saline; sodium citrate; EDTA; tween 80; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 7 days; Controls recieved vehicle; animal info (male, Lewis, 7-9 weeks old; adjuvant-induced arthritis); IL-1B antagonist.

Q0005 Boettger,M.K., Weber,K., Gajda,M., Braeuer,R., Schaible,H.G. Spinally applied ketamine or morphine attenuate peripheral inflammation and hyperalgesia in acute and chronic phases of experimental arthritis. BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY 2010; 24(-3-):474-485. >>> Ketamine, Morphine; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2ML4; 21 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tolerance; ALZET brain infusion kit used; half-life pg 477 (2.5 hrs in CSF (ketamine); 2.1 hrs (morphine)); animal info (Female, Lewis, 6-8 wks old, 160-180 g); dorsal laminectomy; behavioral testing (pain related behavior).

P9905 Stolina,M., Schett,G., Dwyer,D., Vonderfecht,S., Middleton,S., Duryea,D., Pacheco,E., Van,G., Bolon,B., Feige,U., Zack,D., Kostenuik,P. RANKL inhibition by osteoprotegerin prevents bone loss without affecting local or systemic inflammation parameters in two rat arthritis models: comparison with anti-TNF-alpha or anti-IL-1 therapies. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH&THERAPY 2009; 11(-6-):U251-U265. >>> Anakinra; SC; Rat; ; Animal info (Lewis, 7 to 8 wks old, AIA, CJA).

P9904 Boettger,M.K., Weber,K., Grossmann,D., Gajda,M., Bauer,R., Baer,K.J., Schulz,S., Voss,A., Geis,C., Braeuer,R., Schaible,H.G. Spinal Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-Neutralization Reduces Peripheral Inflammation and Hyperalgesia and Suppresses Autonomic Responses in Experimental Arthritis A Role for Spinal Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-During Induction and Maintenance of Peripheral Inflammation. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2010; 62(-5-):1308-1318. >>> Etanercept; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2ML4; 3, 21 days; Controls received mp w/vehicle: animal info (Lewis, 6-8 wks, 160-180 g); ALZET intrathecal catheter used; schematic drawing with ALZET pump and catheter.

P9761 Dahlen,E., Barchan,K., Herrlander,D., Hoejman,P., Karlsson,M., Ljung,L., Andersson,M., Baeckman,E., Hager,A.C.M., Walse,B., Joosten,L., van den Berg,W. Development of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist mutants with enhanced antagonistic activity in vitro and improved therapeutic efficacy in collagen-induced arthritis. Journal of Immunotoxicology 2008; 5(-2-):189-199. >>> Anakinra; NaCl; citric acid; EDTA; tween 80; IP; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist.

P9324 Averill,S., Inglis,J.J., King,V.R., Thompson,S.W.N., Cafferty,W.B.J., Shortland,P.J., Hunt,S.P., Kidd,B.L., Priestley,J.V. Reg-2 expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons after adjuvant-induced monoarthritis. Neuroscience 2008; 155(-4-):1227-1236. >>> Nerve growth factor, recomb. human; glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; leukemia inhibitory factor, recomb. human; Saline; albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides, animal info (male, Wistar, 220-400 g.).

P9287 Brahn,E., Banquerigo,M.L., Lee,J.K., Park,E.J., Fogler,W.E., Plum,S.M. An Angiogenesis Inhibitor, 2-Methoxyestradiol, Involutes Rat Collagen-Induced Arthritis and Suppresses Gene Expression of Synovial Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor. Journal of Rheumatology 2008; 35(-11-):2119-2128. >>> Estradiol, 2-methoxy-; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 18 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of oral gavage vs. mp; animal info (syngeneic LOU, 8-10 wks old, 100-150 g., Collagen-induced arthritis; "Delivery of 60 mg/kg by an osmotic pump, however, was similar in efficacy to 300 mg/kg oral gavage. This result suggests that a steady-state level of 2ME2 achieved equivalent arthritic inhibition at a lower total dose." (p. 2124).

P9023 Milici,A.J., Kudlacz,E.M., Audoly,L., Zwillich,S., Changelian,P. Cartilage preservation by inhibition of Janus kinase 3 in two rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH&THERAPY 2008; 10(-1-):U175-U183. >>> CP-690550; PEG 300; SC; Rat; mice; 2004; 2ML2; 2 weeks; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or no pump; dose-response (fig. 1); enzyme inhibitor (JAK3, janus kinase 3); animal info (male, DBA/J1, male, Lewis); "it was necessary to administer CP-690550 via osmotic pumps due to the poor (PK) properties of this compound in rodents.".

P8965 Matsuno,H., Yoshida,K., Ochiai,A., Okamoto,M. Requirement of methotrexate in combination with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy for adequate suppression of osteoclastogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Rheumatology 2007; 34(-12-):2326-2333. >>> Influximab; immunoglobulin G, human; SC; Mice (SCID); 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ human IgG; immunology; animal info (SCID-HuRAg-pit, 6-7 wks old; TNF-alpha inhibitor.

P8953 Knedla,A., Riepl,B., Lefevre,S., Kistella,S., Grifka,J., Straub,R.H., Gay,S., Schoelmerich,J., Mueller-Ladner,U., Neumann,E. The therapeutic use of osmotic minipumps in the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model for rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2008; 68(-1-):124-129. >>> Interleukin-10; interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; Saline; DMSO; SC; Mice (SCID); 2004; 40 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; good methods (p.125); peptides; animal info (female, SCID, 4-5 wks old); Rheumatoid arthritis; pump and technique schematics p. 125; stability (with an excellent description of methods) was verified for 40 days @ 37C; 50% DMSO used; "... the application of proteins via osmotic pumps is an affective tool to evaluate the effects of cytokines and inhibitors in vitro." p. 128.

P8929 Badlani,N., Inoue,A., Healey,R., Coutts,R., Amiel,D. The protective effect of OP-1 on articular cartilage in the development of osteoarthritis. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE 2008; 16(-5-):600-606. >>> Osteogenic protein-1; Lactose; Knee (articular cavity); Rabbit; 2004; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by separate in vivo test; peptides; post op. care ("appropriate"); animal info (New Zealand, White, 1 yr old); also known as BMP-7 or bone morphogenic protein-7; catheter was secured with polyethylene stents; "The efficacy of the (ALZET Pump) was tested in vivo before beginning the study with good results"; "constant infusion of OP-1 may be the most ideal form of delivery"; long-term study; good methods.

P8843 Changelian,P.S., Moshinsky,D., Kuhn,C.F., Flanagan,M.E., Munchhof,M.J., Harris,T.M., Doty,J.L., Sun,J.M., Kent,C.R., Magnuson,K.S., Perregaux,D.G., Sawyer,P.S., Kudlacz,E.M. The specificity of JAK3 kinase inhibitors. Blood 2008; 111(-4-):2155-2157. >>> PF-956980; PEG 300; SC; Mice; 2004; 14 days; Dose-response (Fig. 1); enzyme inhibitor (JAK3); immunology.

P8793 Kurosaka,D., Yoshida,K., Yasuda,J., Yasuda,C., Noda,K., Furuya,K., Ukichi,T., Kingetsu,I., Joh,K., Yamaguchi,N., Saito,S., Yamada,A. The effect of endostatin evaluated in an experimental animal model of collagen-induced arthritis. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2007; 36(-6-):434-441. >>> Endostatin; PBS; IP; Mice; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (1J, 6 week); "compared with the once daily dosing regimen, the administration of endostatin by an osmotic pump achieved a similar arthritis-inhibiting effect at one-tenth of the dose...the administration method using osmotic pump is useful." pg. 434.

P8525 Saito,H., Kojima,T., Takahashi,M., Horne,W.C., Baron,R., Amagasa,T., Ohya,K., Aoki,K. A tumor necrosis factor receptor loop peptide mimic inhibits bone destruction to the same extent as anti-tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody in murine collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2007; 56(-4-):1164-1174. >>> Peptide, WP9QY; antibody, monoclonal, anti-TNF alpha; PBS; DMSO; SC; Mice; 2001; 19 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 1); pumps replaced every 7 days; half-life (p. 1182) "short;" peptides; animal info (male, DBA/1J, 6 weeks old, collagen induced arthritis); 10% DMSO.

P8454 Geboes,L., De Klerck,B., Van Balen,M., Ketchtermans,H., Mitera,T., Boon,L., De Wolf-Peeters,C., Matthys,P. Freund's complete adjuvant induces arthritis in mice lacking a functional interferon-gamma receptor by triggering tumor necrosis factor alpha-driven osteoclastogenesis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2007; 56(-8-):2595-2607. >>> Etanercept; Water, sterile; SC; Mice; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/vehicle; animal info (male, DBA/1, wt, IFNgR-KO, 8-12 weeks old).

P8326 Bauer,J.D., Sunman,J.A., Foster,M.S., Thompson,J.R., Ogonowski,A.A., Cutler,S.J., May,S.W., Pollock,S.H. Anti-inflammatory effects of 4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid and 5-(acetylamino)-4-oxo-6-phenyl-2-hexenoic acid methyl ester, potential inhibitors of neuropeptide bioactivation. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2007; 320(-3-):1171-1177. >>> Butenoic acid, 4-phenyl-3-; Saline; NaOH; HCL; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 7, 21 days; Controls received sham treatment; dose-response (fig. 4); pumps replaced every 7 days, with 2 days no mp between; enzyme inhibitor (peptidylglycine a-monooxygenase); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 175-225 grams).

P7815 Goldstein,D.M., Alfredson,T., Bertrand,J., Browner,M.F., Clifford,K., Dalrymple,S.A., Dunn,J., Freire-Moar,J., Harris,S., Labadie,S.S., La Fargue,J., Lapierre,J.M., Larrabee,S., Li,F.J., Papp,E., McWeeney,D., Ramesha,C., Roberts,R., Rotstein,D., San Pablo,B., Sjogren,E.B., So,O.Y., Talamas,F.X., Tao,W., Trejo,A., Villasenor,A., Welch,M., Welch,T., Weller,P., Whiteley,P.E., Young,K., Zipfel,S. Discovery of S-[5-amino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-[3-(2,3- dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl]methanone (RO3201195), an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38 map kinase. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 49(-5-):1562-1575. >>> R03201195; PEG 400; SC; Rat; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma concentrations; pumps replaced on day 8; enzyme inhibitor (p38 map kinase); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, Lewis, 120-150g., rat adjuvant arthritis).

P7770 Paulos,C.M., Varghese,B., Widmer,W.R., Breur,G.J., Vlashi,E., Low,P.S. Folate-targeted immunotherapy effectively treats established adjuvant and collagen-induced arthritis. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH&THERAPY 2006; 8(-3-):U243-U252. >>> Anakinra; SC; Rat; 4 weeks; Animal info (female, Lewis, 200g.).

P7678 Guan,G.Q., Kerins,C.C., Bellinger,L.L., Kramer,P.R. Estrogenic effect on swelling and monocytic receptor expression in an arthritic temporomandibular joint model. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2005; 97(-3-):241-250. >>> Estradiol, 17B-; PEG; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Animal info (OVX, Sprague-Dawley, 200-225 g, female).

P7498 De Klerck,B., Geboes,L., Hatse,S., Kelchtermans,H., Meyvis,Y., Vermeire,K., Bridger,G., Billiau,A., Schols,D., Matthys,P. Pro-inflammatory properties of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (CXCL12) in collagen-induced arthritis. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH&THERAPY 2005; 7(-6-):R1208-R1220. >>> AMD 3100; SC; Mice; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS; immunology; animal info (male, 8-12 weeks).

P7446 Gaitan,G., Ahuir,F.J., Herrero,J.F. Enhancement of fentanyl antinociception by subeffective doses of nitroparacetamol (NCX-701) in acute nociception and in carrageenan-induced monoarthritis. LIFE SCIENCES 2005; 77(-1-):85-95. >>> Fentanyl; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tolerance; animal info (male, Wistar, 250-320 g).

P7427 Simjee,S.U, Pleuvry,B.J, Coulthard,P  Pain 2004; 109(--):453-460. >>> Muscimol; bicuculline; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response; no stress (see pg. 455-6).

P6767 Tamamura,H., Fujisawa,M., Hiramatsu,K., Mizumoto,M., Nakashima,H., Yamamoto,N., Otaka,A., Fujii,N. Identification of a CXCR4 antagonist, a T140 analog, as an anti-rheumatoid arthritis agent. FEBS Letters 2004; 569(-1-3-):99-104. >>> TN14003, 4F-benzoyl-; PBS; SC; Mice; 1007D; 2002; 7,14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (Fig.2); immunology; peptides.

P6677 Zwerina,J., Hayer,S., Tohidast-Akrad,M., Bergmeister,H., Redlich,K., Feige,U., Dunstan,C., Kollias,G., Steiner,G., Smolen,J., Schett,G. Single and combined inhibition of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and RANKL pathways in tumor necrosis factor-induced arthritis - Effects on synovial inflammation, bone erosion, and cartilage destruction. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2004; 50(-1-):277-290. >>> Interleukin-1, receptor antagonist; SC; Mice (transgenic); 2004; 4 weeks.

P6296 Joosten,L.A.B., Helsen,M.M.A., Van de Loo,F.A.J., Van Den Berg,W.B. Anticytokine Treatment Of Established Type II Collagen-Induced Arthritis in DBA/1 Mice. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1996; 39(-5-):797-809. >>> Interleukin-1, receptor antagonist, recomb. human; IP; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ BSA; immunology.

P6204 Busso,N., Morard,C., Salvi,R., Peclat,V., So,A. Role of the tissue factor pathway in synovial inflammation. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2003; 48(-3-):651-659. >>> Factor VIIa; PBS; SC; Mice; 2002; 12 days; Controls received mp w/ vechile; functionality of mp verified by FVIIai plasma levels; arthritis; FVIIai was in active site-blocked form (FVIIai).

P5978 Luttun,A., Tjwa,M., Moons,L., Wu,Y., Angelillo-Scherrer,A., Liao,F., Nagy,J.A., Hooper,A., Priller,J., De Klerck,B., Compernolle,V., Daci,E., Bohlen,P., Dewerchin,M., Herbert,J.M., Fava,R., Matthys,P., Carmeliet,G., Collen,D., Dvorak,H.F., Hicklin,D.J., Carmeliet,P. Revascularization of ischemic tissues by PlGF treatment, and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, arthritis and atherosclerosis by anti-Flt1. Nature Medicine 2002; 8(-8-):831-840. >>> Placental growth factor; vascular endothelial growth factor; SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Angiogenesis.

P5458 Coxon,A., Bolon,B., Estrada,J., Kaufman,S., Scully,S., Rattan,A., Duryea,D., Hu,Y.L., Rex,K., Pacheco,E., Van,G., Zack,D., Feige,U. Inhibition of interleukin-1 but not tumor necrosis factor suppresses neovascularization in rat models of corneal angiogenesis and adjuvant arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2002; 46(-10-):2604-2612. >>> Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; Saline; sodium citrate; EDTA; Tween 80; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ BSA "to control for nonspecific anti-angiogenic effects of stress associated with implantation of the osmotic minipump." (p. 2605); implantation of pumps delivering BSA caused no angiogenesis.

P5178 Iwase,M., Kim,K.J., Kobayashi,Y., Itoh,M., Itoh,T. A novel bisphosphonate inhibits inflammatory bone resorption in a rat osteolysis model with continuous infusion of polyethylene particles. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2002; 20(--):499-505. >>> Polyethylene particles, HDPE; Knee (articular cavity); Rat; 2002; 4-8 weeks; Tissue perfusion (diagram p.501); Arthritis; functionality verified by residual volume; pumps replaced every 2 weeks.

P5094 Matsuno,H., Yudoh,K., Katayama,R., Nakazawa,F., Uzuki,M., Sawai,T., Yonezawa,T., Saeki,Y., Panayi,G.S., Pitzalis,C., Kimura,T. The role of TNF-alpha in the pathogenesis of inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA): a study using a human RA/SCID mouse chimera. Rheumatology 2002; 41(--):329-337. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Interleukin-6; Serum, fetal bovine; Culture medium, RPMI 1640; SC; mice; 1007D; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum cytokine levels; immunology; peptides; cytokines were recombinant; pump incorrectly called an osmium pump (p. 331); agents administered singly..

P5046 Scharstuhl,A., Glansbeek,H.L., van Beuningen,H.M., Vitters,E.L., van der Kraan,P.M., Van Den Berg,W.B. Inhibition of endogenous TGF-beta during experimental osteoarthritis prevents osteophyte formation and impairs cartilage repair. Journal of Immunology 2002; 169(--):507-514. >>> Transforming Growth Factor-B2, soluble receptor; Polymyxin B; IP; mice; 1007D; 2002; 7,14 or 21 days; Arthritis; controls received empty pumps or mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual aspiration; pumps replaced after 14 days; stability verified by ELISA after infusion (p. 508, 510); soluble TGF-B RII selectively inhibits transforming growth factor-B; peptides; polymyxin B included as endotoxin inhibitor; 2002 pumps used for 7 and 14 day administration, 21-day group received a 1007D pump for final 7 days.

P5007 Dutta,A.S., Gormley,J.J., Coath,M., Hassall,L., Hayward,C.F., Gellert,P.R., Kittlety,R.S., Alcock,P.J., Ferguson,R., Halterman,T., Jamieson,A., Moors,J.A., Moores,J.M., Rees,A., Wood,L.J., Reilly,C.F., Haworth,D. Potent cyclic peptide inhibitors of VLA-4 (alpha(4)beta(1) integrin)-mediated cell adhesion. Discovery of compounds like cyclo-(MePhe-Leu-Asp -Val-D-Arg-D-Arg) (ZD7349) compatible with depot formulation. JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE 2000; 6(--):398-412. >>> ZD7349; Saline; SC; mice; 14 days; Arthritis; controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (graphs p. 404); comparison of sc, ip injections vs. mp; immunology; peptides; arthritis; ZD7349 is a peptide, cyclo (D-Arg-D-Arg-MePhe-Leu-Asp-Val-D-Arg-D-Arg)..

P5006 Hiraki,Y., Shukunami,C., Iyama,K., Mizuta,H. Differentiation of chondrogenic precursor cells during the regeneration of articular cartilage. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE 2001; 9(--):S102-S108. >>> Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Antibody, beta-FM-1; Immunoglobulin G;; Saline; Knee (articular cavity); rabbit; 2002; 2 weeks; Arthritis; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (knee joint); peptides; Silastic tubing used; Pump placed SC in hind leg region; Antibody adminstered to block effects of FGF-2; IgG administered as antibody control;.

P4417 Dawson,J., Engelhardt,P., Kastelic,T., Cheneval,D., MacKenzie,A., Ramage,P. Effects of soluble interleukin-1 type II receptor on rabbit antigen-induced arthritis: clinical, biochemical and histological assessment.. Rheumatology 1999; 38(--):401-406. >>> Interleukin-1 receptor;; Saline;; SC;; rabbit;; 14 days;; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; immunology; peptides; arthritis; soluble interleukin-1 type II receptor used;.

P4412 Voll,R.E, Mikulowska,A, Kalden,J.R, Holmdahl,R  The Journal of Rheumatology 1999; 26(-6-):1352-1358. >>> Diethyldithiocarbamate, Sodium;; PBS, sterile;; SC;; rat;; 2002; 2ML2;; 7, 9 days;; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; comparison of IP injections vs. mp; agent also called Ditiocarb or DDTC; arthritis;.

P4079 van de Loo,A.A.J., Arntz,O.J., Bakker,A.C., Van Lent,P.L.E.M., Jacobs,M.J.M., van de Berg,W.B. Role of interleukin-1 in antigen-induced exacerbations of murine arthritis. Am.J.Pathol. 1995; 146(-1-):239-249. >>> Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; IP; 7 days; brief mention of mp on p. 247; immunology.

P3995 Oliver,S.J., Cheng,T.P., Banquerigo,M.L., Brahn,E. Suppression of collagen-induced arthritis by an angiogenesis inhibitor, AGM-1470, in combination with cyclosporin: reduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Cellular Immunol. 1995; 166(--):196-206. >>> Cyclosporin A; PEG 300; SC; rat; 2ML4; no duration posted; photo of rat showing implanted pump (pg. 204); no stress (see pp. 199, 204, 205); immunology; controls received sham surgeries.

P3724 Blais,C.Jr, Couture,R., Drapeau,G., Colman,R.W., Adam,A. Involvement of endogenous kinins in the pathogenesis of peptidoglycan-induced arthritis in the lewis rat. Arthritis Rheum. 1997; 40(-7-):1327-1333. >>> Hoe 140; Bradykinin, Lys-Leu8-des-Arg9; Saline, sterile; SC; rat; 1007D; 6 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; agents administered singly and in combination.

P3568 Persson,S., Mikulowska,A., Narula,S., O'Garra,A., Holmdahl,R. Interleukin-10 suppresses the development of collagen type II-induced arthritis and ameliorates sustained arthritis in rats. Scand.J.Immunol. 1996; 44(--):607-614. >>> Interleukin-10; PBS, sterile; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ PBS; comparison of footpad injections vs. mp; immunology; peptides.

P3563 Van Lent,P.L.E.M., Van de Loo,F.A.J., Holthuysen,A.E.M., Van Den Bersselaar,L.A.M., Vermeer,H., Van Den Berg,W.B. Major role for interleukin 1 but not for tumor necrosis factor in early cartilage damage in immune complex arthritis in mice. J.Rheumatol. 1995; 22(--):2250-2258. >>> Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; IP; mice; 1007D; no duration posted; controls received empty pumps or mp w/ vehicle; immunology.

P3379 Conway,J.G., Wakefield,J.A., Brown,R.H., Marron,B.E., Sekut,L., Stimpson,S.A., McElroy,A., Menius,J.A., Jeffreys,J.J., Clark,R.L., McGeehan,G.M., Connolly,K.M. Inhibition of cartilage and bone destruction in adjuvant arthritis in the rat by a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. J.Exp.Med. 1995; 182(--):449-457. >>> GI168; DMSO; Sodium citrate buffer; SC; rat; 2ML2; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/vehicle; dose-response (see p. 451); immunology; multiple pumps per animal (2); "GI168 had poor oral bioavailability and a short plasma t 1/2 after subcutaneous injection... so minipump delivery was evaluated." p. 451; enzyme inhibitor (matrix metalloproteinase).

P3096 Willenborg,D.O., Parish,C.R., Cowden,W.B. Inhibition of adjuvant arthritis in the rat by phosphosugars and the a-glucosidase inhibitor castanospermine. Immunol.Cell Biology 1992; 70(--):369-377. >>> Castanospermine; Mannose, D-; Phosphate, mannose-6-; Phosphate, fructose-1-; Saline; SC; IP; rat; 2002; 14 days; controls received mp with saline or sham operation; comparison of drinking water admin. of CS vs. mp; immunology.

P2940 Earl,J.R., Claxson,A.W., Blake,D.R., Morris,C.J. Proinflammatory effects of morphine in the rat adjuvant arthritis model. Int.J.Tiss.Reac. 1994; XVI(-4-):163-170. >>> Morphine sulfate; Naloxone HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML4; no duration posted; controls received mp with saline or were naive.

P2361 Miao,F.J.-P, Helms,C., Benowitz,N.L., Basbaum,A.I., Heller,P.H., Levine,J.D. Chronically administered nicotine attenuates bradykinin-induced plasma extravasation and aggravates arthritis-induced joint injury in the rat. Neuroscience 1992; 51(-3-):649-655. >>> Nicotine hydrogen tartrate; ICI 118,551 Hexamethonium chloride; Saline; Ethanol; SC; rat; 2ML2; 2ML4; 16,30 days; comparison of sc injections vs. mp; immunology; ICI-118,551 is a b2-adrenoceptor antagonist; antihypertensive.

P2020 Brahn,E., Peacock,D.J., Banquerigo,M.L., Liu,D.Y. Effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) on collagen arthritis. Lymphokine Cytokine Res. 1992; 11(-5-):253-256. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Albumin, bovine serum; Water; rat; 2ML4; 28 days; peptides.

P1958 Brahn,E., Peacock,D.J., Banquerigo,M.L. Suppression of collagen-induced arthritis by combination cyclosporin A and methotrexate therapy. Arthritis Rheum. 1991; 34(-10-):1282-1288. >>> Cyclosporin A; PEG 300; rat; 2ML4; 28 days; dose response (graph, p. 1284); immunology.

P1957 Borella,L., Eng,C.P., DiJoseph,J., Wells,C., Ward,J., Caccese,R., Baeder,W.L. Rapid induction of early osteoarthritic-like lesions in the rabbit knee by continuous intra-articular infusion of mammalian collagenase or interleukin-1. Agents Actions 1991; 34(-1/2-):220-222. >>> Interleukin-1; Collagenase, APMA-activated; Albumin; Saline; knee (articular cavity); rabbit; 2ML1; 7 days; stability verified in vitro for 7 days at 37 degrees C; collagenase was aminophenyl mercuric acetate-activated.

P1956 Mihara,M., Ikuta,M., Koishihara,Y., Ohsugi,Y. Interleukin 6 inhibits delayed-type hypersensitivity and the development of adjuvant arthritis. Eur.J.Immunol. 1991; 21(--):2327-2331. >>> Interleukin-6; PBS; Serum, mouse; SC; mice; 2ML2; 2ML4; 2, 4 weeks; immunology; peptides.

P1837 Lorberboum-Galski,H., Lafyatis,R., Case,J.P., Fitzgerald,D., Wilder,R.L., Pastan,I. Administration of IL-2-PE40 via osmotic pumps prevents adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. Improved therapeutic index of IL-2-PE40 administered by continuous infusion. Int.J.Immunopharmac. 1991; 13(-2/3-):305-315. >>> Interleukin-2, PE40; NAD; IP; rat; 2001; no duration posted; functionality of mp verified by serum levels of IL-2-PE40; comparison of of bid ip injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 314); stability achieved for 6 days by adding NAD (p. 308); multiple pumps per animal (2); half-life of 1-2 hours when given ip.

P1453 Fogh,K., Hansen,E.S., Herlin,T., Knudsen,V., Henriksen,T.B., Ewaid,H., Bunger,C., Kragballe,K. 15-Hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) inhibits carragheenan-induced experimental arthritis and reduces synovial fluid leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Prostaglandins 1989; 37(-2-):213-228. >>> HETE, 15-; Saline; knee (articular cavity); dog; 2ML2; 2ML4; 10 days; tissue perfusion (knee joint).

P1400 Hom,J.T., Bendele,A.M., Carlson,D.G. In vivo administration with IL-1 accelerates the development of collagen-induced arthritis in mice. J.Immunol. 1988; 141(-3-):834-841. >>> Interleukin-1, alpha recomb. human; Interleukin-1, beta recomb. human; PBS; SC; mice; 2002; 7-14 days; dose-response; cancer/immunology; peptides.