References on the Administration of Cocaine Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

P9733 Narayana,P.A., hobila-Vajjula,P., Ramu,J., Herrera,J., Steinberg,J.L., Moeller,F.G. Diffusion tensor imaging of cocaine-treated rodents. PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING 2009; 171(-3-):242-251. >>> Cocaine; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/saline; good methods pg. 243; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 250-300 g); microdialysis fiber attached to exit port to prevent development of necrotic skin.

P8233 D'Addario,C., Di Benedetto,M., Izenwasser,S., Candeletti,S., Romualdi,P. Role of serotonin in the regulation of the dynorphinergic system by a kappa-opoid agonist and cocaine treatment in rat CNS. Neuroscience 2007; 144(-1-):157-164. >>> Cocaine; Water, sterile; CSF/CNS; Rat; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 200-250 grams).

P8166 Di Benedetto,M., D'Addario,C., Candeletti,S., Romualdi,P. Alterations of CREB and DARPP-32 phosphorylation following cocaine and monoaminergic uptake inhibitors. Brain Research 2007; 1128(-1-):33-39. >>> Cocaine; fluoxetine; GBR12909; nisoxetine; Water, sterile; SC; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 2ML1; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 37); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 200-250 grams).

P7061 King,G.R., Hillburn,C., Pinto,G., Konen,J. The effects of continuous cocaine dose, treatment, and withdrawal duration on the induction of behavioral tolerance and dopamine autoreceptor function. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 2004; 78(-2-):293-300. >>> Cocaine HCL; Saline, isotonic; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 3,7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response; tolerance; "mp slightly modified by adding a microdialysis fiber to the output portal to eliminate tissue necrosis from the cocaine." (pg. 294); mp primed in 37 degree Celsius water for 4 hours.

P6682 Matell,M.S., King,G.R., Meck,W.H. Differential modulation of clock speed by the administration of intermittent versus continuous cocaine. Behavioral Neuroscience 2004; 118(-1-):150-156. >>> Cocaine, hydrochloride; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; comparison of IP injections vs. SC mp; tolerance; "The cocaine pumps were slightly modified by adding a microdialysis fiber to the output portal to minimize tissue necrosis from the cocaine." p. 151; behavioral study.

P6339 Collins,S.L., Kunko,P.M., Ladenheim,B., Cadet,J.L., Carroll,F.I., Izenwasser,S. Chronic Cocaine Increases k-Opioid Receptor Density: Lack of Effect by Selective Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors. Synapse 2002; 45(--):153-158. >>> Cocaine; RTI-117; GBR 12909; Saline; DMSO; water, sterile; SC; Rat; 2ML1; 2ML2; 7, 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; brain tissue distribution; 50% DMSO used for GBR12909.

P5488 Ellinwood,E.H., Davidson,C., Yu,G.Z., King,G.R., Lee,T.H. Effect of daily dosing duration of direct and indirect dopamine receptor agonists: cocaine cross-tolerance following chronic regimens. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2002; 12(-5-):407-415. >>> Cocaine; pramipexole; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Functionality of mp verified by measuring residual volume; pulsed delivery - drugs administered either continuously or for 16 or 20 hrs per day (p. 409); study included behavioral testing; pramipexole is a direct dopamine agonist; microdialysis fiber attached to pump via catheter to minimize tissue necrosis caused by the cocaine (p. 408); intermittent delivery made possible by disconnecting and reconnecting an externalized catheter.

P5446 Izenwasser,S., French,D. Tolerance and sensitization to the locomotor-activating effects of cocaine are mediated via independent mechanisms. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 2002; 73(-4-):877-882. >>> Cocaine; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Tolerance.

P5441 King,G.R., Pinto,G., Konen,J., Hillburn,C., Tran,S., Love,W., Cayse,R., Castro,G. The effects of continuous cocaine duration on the induction of behavioral tolerance and dopamine autoreceptor function. European Journal of Pharmacology 2002; 446(-1-3-):111-118. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline, isotonic; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tolerance; dependence; "The pumps were slightly modified by adding a microdialysis fiber to the output portal to eliminate tissue necrosis from the cocaine." (p. 112).

P4882 Ellinwood,E.H., King,G.R., Davidson,C., Lee,T.H. The dopamine D-2/D-3 antagonist DS121 potentiates the effect of cocaine on locomotion and reduces tolerance in cocaine tolerant rats. Behavioural Brain Research 2000; 116(--):169-175. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; "The pumps were modified by adding a microdialysis fiber to the output portal to eliminate cocaine-induced tissue necrosis". p. 170..

P4779 Howell,L.L., Schama,K.F., Ellis,J.E., Grimley,P.J., Kitchens,A.J., Byrd,L.D. Fetal development in rhesus monkeys exposed prenatally to cocaine.. Neurotoxicol.Teratol. 2001; 23(--):133-140. >>> Cocaine;; Saline;; SC;; monkey (pregnant);; 2ML4;; ~ 180 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by cocaine serum levels; dose-response (table 4 p. 136); long-term study, pumps replaced every 28 days for up to 180 days (until birth); teratology;.

P4563 Li,M.-Y, Reith,M.E.A. Continuous cocaine treatment and monoamine transmission measured by microdialysis in the rat ventral tegmental area.. Addiction Biology 1998; 3(--):447-451. >>> Cocaine;; Saline;; SC;; rat;; 2ML2;; 2 weeks;; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; no stress (P. 448); tolerance; At the end of the experiment, the tissue surrounding the minipumps was inspected and found to be normal (p. 448);.

P4518 King,G.R., Xiong,Z., Ellinwood,E.H. Blockade of accumbens 5-HT3 receptor down-regulation by ondansetron administered during continuous cocaine administration.. European Journal of Pharmacology 1999; 364(--):79-87. >>> Cocaine HCl;; Saline, isotonic;; SC;; rat;; 2ML2;; 14 days;; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by measuring residual volume; comparison of SC injections vs. mp; tolerance; microdialysis; pumps were modified by adding a microdialysis fiber to eliminate tissue necrosis from cocaine administration..

P4517 Lee,T.H., Gao,W-Y, Davidson,C, Ellinwood,E.H. Altered activity of midbrain dopamine neurons following 7-day withdrawal from chronic cocaine abuse is normalized by D2 receptor stimulation during the early withdrawal phase.. Neuropsychopharmacology 1999; 21(--):127-136. >>> Cocaine;; Saline;; SC;; rat;; 2ML2;; 14 days;; comparison of SC injections vs. mp; tolerance; modified flow moderators used;.

P4300 Izenwasser,S., French,D., Carroll,F.I., Kunko,P.M. Continuous infusion of selective dopamine uptake inhibitors or cocaine produces time-dependent changes in rat locomotor activity. Behav.Brain Res. 1999; 99(--):201-208. >>> Cocaine; GBR 12909; Fluoxetine HCl; Nisoxetine HCl, RTI-117;; DMSO; Water, sterile;; SC;; rat;; 2001; 2ML1; 2ML2;; 7, 14 days; antidepressant; controls received mp w/ saline; RTI-117 is a dopamine uptake inhibitor; 2ML1 used to deliver GBR 12909, due to its limited solubility;.

P4191 Azaryan,A.V., Clock,B.J., Rosenberger,J.G., Cox,B.M. Transient upregulation of m opioid receptor mRNA levels in nucleus accumbens during chronic cocaine administration. Can.J.Physiol.Pharmacol. 1998; 76(--):278-283. >>> Cocaine HCl; SKF-82958; Bromocriptine; Hydrobromide, R(+)-6-bromo-APB; PD 128907; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 24,48,66,72,90,96,168,336 hours; controls received mp w/vehicle; dopamine agonists.

P4179 Kunko,P.M., French,D., Izenwasser,S. Alterations in locomotor activity during chronic cocaine administration: effect of dopamine receptors and interaction with opioids. J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther. 1998; 285(-1-):277-284. >>> Cocaine; Naltrexone HCl; Morphine sulfate; Saline; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; dose-response (p. 279-280); tolerance.

P4170 Dingeon,P., Latour,C., Fiet,J., Nahas,G. Cardiovascular tolerance to cocaine and b2 lymphocytes adrenoreceptors. Advances Biosciences 1991; 80(--):177-185. >>> Cocaine; IP; rat; 7-14 days; controls received mp w/saline; dose-response; comparison of injections vs. mp; tolerance.

P3955 King,G.R., Xiong,Z., Ellinwood Jr,E.H. Blockade of the expression of sensitization and tolerance by aldosterone, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, administered during withdrawal from intermittent and continuous cocaine. Psychopharmacology 1998; 135(--):263-269. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline, sterile; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; good methods (p.265); dependence; microdialysis.

P3863 King,G.R., Xiong,Z., Ellinwood Jr,E.H. Blockade of cocaine sensitization and tolerance by the co-administration of odansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, and cocaine. Psychopharmacology 1997; 130(--):159-165. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline, sterile isotonic; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received saline injection; functionality of mp verified by measuring residual volume; comparison of mp injections vs mp; tolerance; microdialysis.

P3749 Kunko,P.M., Loeloff,R.J., Izenwasser,S. Chronic administration of the selective dopamine uptake inhibitor GBR 12909, but not cocaine, produces marked decreases in dopamine transporter density. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch.Pharmacol. 1997; 356(--):562-569. >>> Cocaine HCl; GBR 12909; Saline; DMSO; Water, sterile; SC; rat; 2001; 2ML1; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tolerance.

P3558 Bernards,C.M., Cullen,B.F., Kern,C., Powers,K.M. Effect of chronic cocaine administration on the hemodynamic response to acute hemorrhage in awake and anesthetized sheep. J.Trauma: Injury, Infection and Crit.Care 1997; 42(-1-):42-48. >>> Cocaine HCl; SC; sheep; 2ML2; 15, 18 days; no comment posted.

P3520 Hitri,A., Little,K.Y., Ellinwood Jr,E.H. Effect of cocain on dopamine transporter receptors depends on routes of chronic cocaine administration. Neuropsychopharm. 1996; 14(-3-):205-210. >>> Cocaine HCl; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received saline infusion; comparison of intermittent sc injections vs. mp; pump connected to 3 cm of dialysis tubing.

P3513 Lundien,M., Andy,O.J., Rockhold,R.W., Andrews,M., Dearman,C. Dextrorphan effects on cocaine and brainstem perturbation. Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science 1996; 31(-3-):224-230. >>> Cocaine; IV (femoral); rat; 2001; 3 days; no comment posted.

P3502 Romualdi,P., Donatini,A., Izenwasser,S., Cox,B.M., Ferri,S. Chronic intracerebroventricular cocain differentially affects prodynorphin gene expression in rat hypothalamus and caudate-putamen. Mol.Brain Research 1996; 40(--):153-156. >>> Cocaine HCl; CSF/CNS; rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/ aCSF.

P3494 Maillet,M., Chiarasini,D., Nahas,G. Myocardial damage induced by cocaine administration of a week's duration in the rat. In ' Advances in the Biosciences', Pergamon Press 1991; 80(--):187-197. >>> Cocaine HCl; rat; 8 days; controls received mp w/ saline; cardiovascular.

P3484 Matell,M.S., King,G.R. 5-HT(3) receptor mediated dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens during withdrawal from continuous cocaine. Psychopharmacology 1997; 130(--):242-248. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by residual solution; tolerance; microdialysis fiber added to delivery port to eliminate tissue necrosis.

P3466 Neisewander,J.L., Lucki,I., McGonigle,P. Changes in behavioral sensitivity to SKF-38393 and quinpirole following withdrawal from continuous cocaine administration in rats. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 1996; 53(-4-):935-942. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 2 weeks; functionality of mp verified by measuring residual volume; no stress (see p. 936) - no observed skin necrosis.

P3446 Azaryan,A.V., Clock,B.J., Cox,B.M. Mu opioid receptor mRNA in nucleus accumbens is elevated following dopamine receptor activation. Neurochem.Res. 1996; 21(-11-):1411-1415. >>> Hydrobromide, R(+)-6-bromo-APB-SKF-38393; Nafadotride, (5)-bromocriptine; Cocaine HCl; Saline; rat; 2ML1; 3 days; controls received mp w/ saline.

P3428 Izenwasser,S., Heller,B., Cox,B.M. Continuous cocaine administration enhances m- but not d-opioid receptor-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity in nucleus accumbens. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1996; 297(--):187-191. >>> Cocaine HCl; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; no comment posted.

P3313 Azaryan,A.V., Coughlin,L.J., Buzas,B., Clock,B.J., Cox,B.M. Effect of chronic cocaine treatment on m- and d-opioid receptor mRNA levels in dopaminergically innervated brain regions. J.Neurochem. 1996; 66(--):443-448. >>> Cocaine HCl; Eticlopride; SCH-23390; Saline; SC; rat; 2001; 3 days; controls received mp w/saline; eticlopride is a D1&D2 receptor antagonist.

P3270 Mahone,P.R., Scott,K., Sleggs,G., D'Antoni,T., Woods,J.R. Cocaine and metabolites in amniotic fluid may prolong fetal drug exposure. Am.J.Obstet.Gynecol. 1994; 171(-2-):465-469. >>> Cocaine; sheep (fetus); no duration posted; functionality of mp verified by plasma, amniotic fluid, and meconium samples; stability verified by in vitro testing at 39 degrees; teratology; pump released drug into amniotic fluid; pump placed on fetal back; ampicillin added to amniotic fluid.

P3149 Gingras,J.L., Weese-Mayer,D.E., Dalley,L.B., Klemka-Walden,L.M. Prenatal cocaine exposure alters postnatal ornithine decarboxylase activity in rabbit brain. Biochem.Med.Meta.Bio. 1993; 50(--):284-291. >>> Cocaine; Water, sterile; rabbit (pregnant); 22 days; controls received mp with water; teratology; 2 mps implanted.

P3070 Neisewander,J.L., Lucki,I., McGonigle,P. Time-dependent changes in sensitivity to apomorphine and monoamine receptors following withdrawal from continuous cocaine administration in rats. Synapse 1994; 16(--):1-10. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline, sterile; SC; rat; 2ML2; 2 weeks; controls received mp with saline; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; possible minipump failure noted.

P2875 Fung,Y.K., Richard,L.A. Behavioural consequences of cocaine withdrawal in rats. J.Pharm.Pharmacol. 1994; 46(--):150-152. >>> Cocaine; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML4; 28 days; controls received mp with saline; dependence; pump incision site covered with an antibiotic and 5% lignocaine to prevent discomfort and infection.

P2808 King,G.R., Joyner,C., Ellinwood Jr,E.H. Continuous or intermittent cocaine administration: effects of flupenthixol treatment during withdrawal. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 1994; 49(-4-):883-889. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; comparison of sc injections vs. mp; tolerance; microdialysis fiber added to pump's outflow portal to increase surface area distribution, and to avoid necrotic skin lesions.

P2807 King,G.R., Xue,Z., Calvi,C., Ellinwood Jr,E.H. 5-HT3 agonist-induced dopamine overflow during withdrawal from continuous or intermittent cocaine administration. Psychopharmacology 1995; 117(--):458-465. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp with saline; comparison of sc injections vs. mp; tolerance.

P2672 Chen,N.-H., Reith,M.E.A. Dopamine and serotonin release-regulating autoreceptor sensitivity in A9/A10 cell body and terminal areas after withdrawal of rats from continuous infusion of cocaine. J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther. 1993; 267(-3-):1445-1453. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; tolerance; gentamicin applied after surgery; no tissue necrosis seen.

P2581 Inada,T., Polk,K., Purser,K., Hume,A., Hoskins,A., Ho,I.K., Rockhold,R.W. Behavioral and neurochemical effects of continuous infusion of cocaine in rats. Neuropharmacology 1992; 31(-7-):701-708. >>> Cocaine; Saline; IV (vena cava); rat; 2ML2; 11 or 12 days; controls received mp w/ saline; tolerance; loop of catheter tubing exposed to terminate infusion.

P2576 Kinsley,C.H., Turco,D., Bauer,A., Beverly,M., Wellman,J., Graham,A.L. Cocaine alters the onset and maintenance of maternal behavior in lactating rats. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 1994; 47(-4-):857-864. >>> Cocaine; Saline; SC; rat (pregnant); 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ saline; comparison of sc injections vs. mp.

P2575 King,G.R., Joyner,C.M., Ellinwood,E.H. 5-HT3 receptor modulation of behavior during withdrawal from continuous or intermittent cocaine. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 1994; 47(-3-):399-407. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline, sterile; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; functionality of mp verified by measuring residual amount; comparison of ip injections vs mp; no stress (pg. 400); good methods: "minipumps were modified by adding a microdialysis fiber . . . to increase surface area over which cocaine is delivered." This allowed higher dose delivery without necrotic skin lesion.

P2445 Torres,G., Rivier,C. Cocaine-induced ACTH secretion: dependence of plasma levels of the drug and mode of exposure. Brain Res.Bull. 1992; 29(-1-):51-56. >>> Cocaine HCl; Sodium chloride; IP; rat; 2001; 6 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual pump volume and plasma levels; comparison of iv injections vs. mp.

P2398 King,G.R., Joyner,C., Lee,T.H., Ellinwood Jr,E.H. Withdrawal from continuous or intermittent cocaine: effects of NAN-190 on cocaine-induced locomotion. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 1993; 44(--):253-262. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; comparison of sc injections vs. mp; tolerance; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 100-125 grams).

P2340 King,G.R., Joyner,C., Lee,T., Kuhn,C., Ellinwood Jr,E.H. Intermittent and continuous cocaine administration: residual behavioral states during withdrawal. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 1992; 43(--):243-248. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; functionality of mp verified by residual volume upon explant; comparison of sc injections vs. mp; tolerance; advantages of mp (pg. 247).

P2339 King,G.R., Kuhn,C., Ellinwood Jr,E.H. Dopamine efflux during withdrawal from continuous or intermittent cocaine. Psychopharmacology 1993; 111(--):179-184. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; functionality of mp verified measuring residual amount; comparison of SC injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 180); tolerance; microdialysis fiber.

P2328 Joyner,C., King,G., Lee,T.H., Ellinwood,E.H. Technique for the continuous infusion of high doses of cocaine by osmotic minipump. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav. 1993; 44(-4-):971-973. >>> Cocaine; Saline; SC; rat; 14 days; good methods; microdialysis; pump modified; modification eliminated necrosis.

P2260 Factor,E.M., Hart,R.P., Jonakait,G.M. Neurochemical development of the raphe after continuous prenatal cocaine exposure. Brain Res.Bull. 1993; 31(--):49-56. >>> Cocaine; SC; rat (pregnant); 2ML2; 14 days; controls received sham op; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; no stress (see p. 50).

P2218 Cain,S.T., Griff,D., Joyner,C.M., Ellinwood,E.H., Nemeroff,C.B. Chronic continuous or intermittent infusion of cocaine differentially alter the concentration of neurotensin-like immunoreactivity in specfic rat brain regions. Neuropsychopharmacology 1993; 8(--):259-265. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/saline; functionality of mp verified upon removal; stability verified upon removal; tolerance.

P2194 Di Francesco,P., Pica,F., Croce,C., Favalli,C., Tubaro,E., Garaci,E. Effect of acute or daily cocaine administration on cellular immune response and virus infection in mice. Nat.Immun.Cell Growth Regul. 1990; 9(--):397-405. >>> Cocaine HCl; Hank's solution; SC; mice; 2001; 7 days; no comment posted.

P2185 Burger,L.Y., Martin-Iverson,M.T. Day/night differences in D1 but not D2 DA receptor protection from EEDQ denaturation in rats treated with continuous cocaine. Synapse 1993; 13(--):20-29. >>> SCH-23390; Cocaine HCl; Raclopride; Water; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; no comment posted.

P2028 Izenwasser,S., Cox,B.M. Inhibition of dopamine uptake by cocaine and nicotine: tolerance to chronic treatments. Brain Research 1992; 573(--):119-125. >>> Cocaine HCl; Nicotine tartrate; Saline; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; tolerance.

P2010 Torres,G., Rivier,C. Differential effects of intermittent or continuous exposure to cocaine on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and c-fos expression. Brain Research 1992; 571(-2-):204-211. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2001; 2,4,6 days; comparison of intermittent injections vs mp.

P1977 Weese-Mayer,D.E., Klemka-Walden,L.M., Chan,M.K., Gingras,J.L. Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on perinatal morbidity and postnatal growth in the rabbit. Dev.Pharmacol.Ther. 1991; 4(--):221-230. >>> Cocaine HCl; Water; SC; rabbit; 2ML4; 22 days; teratology.

P1901 Reith,M.E.A., Fischette,C.T. Sertraline and cocaine-induced locomotion in mice. Psychopharmacology 1991; 103(--):306-313. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; mice; 2002; 3 weeks; no comment posted.

P1881 Krueger,R.J., Lin,C., Fung,Y.K. Effect of chronic administration of nicotine or cocaine on steroidogenesis in rat adrenocortical cells. J.Pharm.Pharmacol. 1991; 43(--):200-203. >>> Cocaine HCl; Nicotine tartrate; Saline; SC; rat; 2002; 14 days; no comment posted.

P1547 Ryan,L.J., Martone,M.E., Linder,J.C., Groves,P.M. Continuous amphetamine administration induces tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive patches in the adult rat neostriatum. Brain Research 1988; 21(--):133-137. >>> Amphetamine sulfate, d-; Cocaine HCl; Saline; IV (jugular); SC; rat; 2ML1; 3, 30 days; controls received silastic plug implant.

P1516 Fung,Y.K., Reed,J.A., Lau,Y.-S. Prenatal cocaine exposure fails to modify neurobehavioral responses and the striatal dopaminergic system in newborn rats. Gen.Pharmacol. 1989; 20(-5-):689-693. >>> Cocaine; Saline; SC; rat (pregnant); 2ML4; 28 days; toxicology/teratology.

P1490 Howell,L.L., Morse,W.H. Behavioral effects of chronically administered cocaine in squirrel monkeys. Psychopharmacology 1989; 97(--):12-16. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; monkey; 2002; 14 days; dose-response; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; pump replaced > than or = to 2 months elapsed between implants; toxicology/teratology.

P1484 Pitts,D.K., Marwah,J. Chronic cocaine reduces alpha2-adrenoceptor elicited mydriasis and inhibition of locus coeruleus neurons. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1989; 160(--):201-209. >>> Cocaine; Water; SC; rat; 2001; 1, 2 weeks; controls received plastic sham pumps; stress/adverse reaction (localized vasoconstriction); pump replaced.

P1249 Kleven,M., Woolverton,W., Schuster,C., Seiden,L. Behavioral and neurochemical effects of repeated or continuous exposure to cocaine. NIDA Res.Monogr.Ser.81 1988; 81(--):86-93. >>> Cocaine; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML4; 21 days; tolerance.

P1244 Shah,A., Niazi,S., Jung,D. Effect of chronic exposure of cocaine on antipyrine disposition in rats. Res.Common.Subst.Abuse 1985; 6(-1-):59-62. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; rat; 2 weeks; pump model not stated; controls received mp w/ saline.

P1120 Reith,M.E.A., Benuck,M., Lajtha,A. Cocaine disposition in the brain after continuous or intermittent treatment and locomotor stimulation in mice. J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther. 1987; 243(-1-):281-287. >>> Cocaine HCl; Saline; SC; mice; no duration posted; no comment posted.