References on the Administration of Cytokines Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

1. Colony-stimulating Factor, G

Q0599 Smith,M.S., Goldman,D.C., Bailey,A.S., Pfaffle,D.L., Kreklywich,C.N., Spencer,D.B., Othieno,F.A., Streblow,D.N., Garcia,J.V., Fleming,W.H., Nelson,J.A. Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Reactivates Human Cytomegalovirus in a Latently Infected Humanized Mouse Model. Cell Host&Microbe 2010; 8(-3-):284-291. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G; AMD3100; SC; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS; animal info (7-10 wks old, NOD-scid, IL2Rgc null); immunology.

Q0560 Bonig,H., Chudziak,D., Priestley,G., Papayannopoulou,T. Insights into the biology of mobilized hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells through innovative treatment schedules of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100. Experimental Hematology 2009; 37(-3-):402-415. >>> AMD3100; colony-stimulating factor, G, recomb. human; PBS; BSA; SC; Mice; 2001; 9 days; Controls received sham mp; animal info (B6x129, C57Bl/6 wt); comparison of SC injections vs mp; "as a single-agent HSPC-mobilizing strategy, single-bolus injection of AMD3100 is relatively inefficient..." pg 410; "... the data presented here for continuous infusion of AMD3100 demonstrate superb HSPC mobilizing potency." pg 411.

Q0293 Jobst,B.J., Riegger,G.A.J., Griese,D.P. Endothelial Cell Seeding Fails to Prevent Intimal Hyperplasia Following Arterial Injury in the Rat Carotid Model. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy 2009; 23(-5-):343-353. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G, human, recomb.; erythropoietin, human, recomb.; IP; Rat; 2ML1; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (male, CD, 250 g, splenectomy).

P9049 Hack,M., Mascha,F.G., Jobst,B.J., Riegger,G.A.J., Griese,D.P. A systemic combination therapy with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor plus erythropoietin aggravates the healing process of balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy 2008; 22(-5-):351-362. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G-, recomb. human; erythropoietin; IP; Rat; 2ML1; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; peptides; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 300-350 g., splenectomy); "We used implantable osmotic minipumps to guarantee continuous systemic delivery of the tested cytokines over the first even days upon intraperitoneal deposition." pg. 353.

P9435 Pitzer,C., Krueger,C., Plaas,C., Kirsch,F., Dittgen,T., Mueller,R., Laage,R., Kastner,S., Suess,S., Spoelgen,R., Henriques,A., Ehrenreich,H., Schaebitz,W.R., Bach,A., Schneider,A. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor improves outcome in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2008; 131(--):3335-3347. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G; Sorbitol; sodium acetate buffer; tween 80; SC; Mice (transgenic); 2004; 4, 8 weeks; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by G-CSF serum concentration; replacement therapy (sciatic nerve axotomy); long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; half-life (p. 5) 4 hours in humans and rodents; brain tissue distribution; peptide; animal info (female, C57BL/6, wt, SOD1(G93A)Tg, 11 wks old); neurodegenerative (ALS); behavioral testing (rotarod test, motor performance); 0.004% Tween 80 used.

P8372 Bonig,H., Priestley,G.V., Oehler,V., Papayannopoulou,T. Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) from mobilized peripheral blood display enhanced migration and marrow homing compared to steady-state bone marrow HPC. Experimental Hematology 2007; 35(-2-):326-334. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G, recomb. human; SC; Mice; 2001; 5 days; Peptides; hematology.

P8288 Capoccia,B.J., Shepherd,R.M., Link,D.C. G-CSF and AMD3100 mobilize monocytes into the blood that stimulate angiogenesis in vivo through a paracrine mechanism. Blood 2006; 108(-7-):2438-2445. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G, recomb. human; PBS; SC; Mice; mice (transgenic); 5, 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; peptides; ischemia (hind limb); animal info (C57BL/6, 8-10 weeks old); ischemia; acute vascular injury.

P7762 Jung,K.H., Chu,K., Lee,S.T., Kim,S.J., Sinn,D.I., Kim,S.U., Kim,M., Roh,J.K. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor stimulates neurogenesis via vascular endothelial growth factor with STAT activation. Brain Research 2006; 1073(--):190-201. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G, recomb.; Saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 199); peptides; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 220-240g).

P7304 Ulyanova,T., Scott,L.M., Priestley,G.V., Jiang,Y., Nakamoto,B., Koni,P.A., Papayannopoulou,T. VCAM-1 expression in adult hematopoietic and nonhernatopoietic cells is controlled by tissue-inductive signals and reflects their developmental origin. Blood 2005; 106(-1-):86-94. >>> Colony-stimulating Factor, G; Flt-3 ligand; Mice (transgenic); mice; 2001; 5, 7 days; comparison of IP injections vs. mp; VCAM-1 ablated mice.

P6857 Doyonnas,R., LaBarge,M.A., Sacco,A., Charlton,C., Blau,H.M. Hematopoietic contribution to skeletal muscle regeneration by myelomonocytic precursors. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2004; 101(-37-):13507-13512. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G, recomb. mouse; SC; Mice (transgenic); 5 days.

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2. Colony-stimulating Factor, GM

Q0753 Driessens,G., Nuttin,L., Gras,A., Maetens,J., Mievis,S., Schoore,M., Velu,T., Tenenbaum,L., Preat,V., Bruyns,C. Development of a successful antitumor therapeutic model combining in vivo dendritic cell vaccination with tumor irradiation and intratumoral GM-CSF delivery. CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY 2011; 60(-2-):273-281. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, GM; SC; Rat; 2004; 28 days; Animal info (male, inbred, Fischer 344, 10-12 wks old); comparison of "all in-vivo therapy" vs mp; cancer.

P8510 Djalilian,H.R., Caicedo,E., Lessan,K., Grami,V., Le,C.T., Spellman,S.R., Pambuccian,S., Hall,W.A., Low,W.C., Ondrey,F.G. Efficacy of an osmotic pump delivered, GM-CSF-based tumor vaccine in the treatment of upper aerodigestive squamous cell carcinoma in rats. CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY 2007; 56(-8-):1207-1214. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, GM, murine; interleukin-12; PBS; SC; Rat; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig 1); no stress (see pg. 1209); cancer (upper aerodigestive tract carcinoma); peptides; animal info (Fisher 344, 125-150 g); good methods; "This latter method (mp) has several advantages. First, the use of minipumps obviates the cumbersome need to transfect tumor cells and completely characterize their cytokine repertoires. Second, it allows for independent and rigorous control over the kinetics of administration of cytokine and antigen dosages. Third, it may generate les controversy than those techniques requiring "gene therapy" IRB approval." (p. 1213)..

P7935 Chen,J.C., Chen,Y., Wu,J.M., Su,Y.H., Tai,K.F., Tseng,S.H. Effects of irradiated tumor vaccine and infusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-12 on established gliomas in rats. CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY 2006; 55(-7-):873-883. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, GM, recomb. mouse; interleukin-12, recomb. mouse; BSA; PBS; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or no treatment; cancer (RT-2 glioma); peptides; animal info (Fischer, 200-350 grams, SC and ICV tumors); "continuously infused cytokine using an osmotic mini pump to...avoid the side effects of a single large dose of cytokine and one with a concept similar to that of gene-therapy." (p. 874).

P9201 Driessens,G., Hamdane,M., Cool,V., Velu,T., Bruyns,C. Highly Successful Therapeutic Vaccinations Combining Dendritic Cells and Tumor Cells Secreting Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor. Cancer Research 2004; 64(--):8435-8442. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, GM, recomb. mouse; SC; Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; Cancer; animal info (male, Fischer 344, 10-12 wks old).

P6450 Jean,W.C., Spellman,S.R., Wallenfriedman,M.A., Flores,C.T., Kurtz,B.P., Hall,W.A., Low,W.C. Effects of combined granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-2, and interleukin-12 based immunotherapy against intracranial glioma in the rat. Journal of Neuro-oncology 2004; 66(-1-2-):39-49. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, GM; interleukin-2; interleukin-12; SC; Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; Cancer (gliosarcoma); GM-CSF was infused alone or with cytokines.

P5093 Basak,Saroj K., Dubinett,Steven M., Harui,Airi, Mitani,Kohnosuke, Roth,Michael D., Sharma,Sherven, Stolina,Marina. Increased dendritic cell number and function following continuous in vivo infusion of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. Blood 2002; 99(-8-):2869-2879. >>> Interleukin-4; Colony-stimulating factor, GM; Saline; SC; mice; 1007D; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum levels via ELISA; immunology; peptides; recombinant cytokines; agents administered singly or concomitantly.

P5531 Chen,Y., Lin,S.M., Lai,H.S., Tseng,S.H., Chen,W.J. Effects of irradiated tumor vaccine and continuous localized infusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on neuroblastomas in mice. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2002; 37(-9-):1298-1304. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, GM; PBS; BSA; SC (tumor vaccine injection site); Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS; immunology; GM-CSF is recombinant murine; tissue perfusion.

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3. Colony-stimulating Factor, M

Q0623 Lloyd,S.A., Yuan,Y.Y., Simske,S.J., Riffle,S.E., Ferguson,V.L., Bateman,T.A. Administration of high-dose macrophage colony-stimulating factor increases bone turnover and trabecular volume fraction. JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM 2009; 27(-5-):546-554. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, M; SC; Mice; 28 days; Animal info (male, C57BL/6 J, 7 wks old); comparison of SC injections vs mp; lack of cortical response in both daily injection and pump studies, pg 550.

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4. Erythropoietin

Q0577 Kondo,A., Shingo,T., Yasuhara,T., Kuramoto,S., Kameda,M., Kikuchi,Y., Matsui,T., Miyoshi,Y., Agari,T., Borlongan,C.V., Date,I. Erythropoietin exerts anti-epileptic effects with the suppression of aberrant new cell formation in the dentate gyrus and upregulation of neuropeptide Y in seizure model of rats. Brain Research 2009; 1296(-;-):127-136. >>> Erythropoietin, human, recomb.; antibody, anti-EPO; Saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 6 days; 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ rat serum albumin, or control mouse IgG; animal info (male, Fischer 344, 10-12 wks old, 200-250 g, SLC).

Q0293 Jobst,B.J., Riegger,G.A.J., Griese,D.P. Endothelial Cell Seeding Fails to Prevent Intimal Hyperplasia Following Arterial Injury in the Rat Carotid Model. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy 2009; 23(-5-):343-353. >>> Granulocyte colony stimulating factor, human, recomb.; erythropoietin, human, recomb.; IP; Rat; 2ML1; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (male, CD, 250 g, splenectomy).

Q0263 Jing,M., Shingo,T., Yasuhara,T., Kondo,A., Morimoto,T., Wang,F.F., Baba,T., Yuan,W.J., Tajiri,N., Uozumi,T., Murakami,M., Tanabe,M., Miyoshi,Y., Zhao,S.G., Date,I. The combined therapy of intrahippocampal transplantation of adult neural stem cells and intraventricular erythropoietin-infusion ameliorates spontaneous recurrent seizures by suppression of abnormal mossy fiber sprouting. Brain Research 2009; 1295(-;-):203-217. >>> Erythropoietin, human, recomb.; Saline; albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, 190-210 g).

Q0248 Kolb,B, Morshead,C., Gonzalez,C., Kim,M., Gregg,C., Shingo,T., Weiss,S. Growth factor-stimulated generation of newcortical tissue and functional recovery after strokedamage to the motor cortex of rats. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2007; 27(--):983-997. >>> Erythropoietin; epidermal growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 7, 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; no stress (see pg. 984); animal info (male, Long-Evans, 90-110 days old); ischemia (cerebral); behavioral testing (forelimb assymetry, forelimb inhibition (swimming), reaching); some animals received 7 days EGF followed by 7 days EPO (most likely via Lynch Coil, but authors do not state).

P9496 Kadota,T., Shingo,T., Yasuhara,T., Tajiri,N., Kondo,A., Morimoto,T., Yuan,W.J., Wang,F.F., Baba,T., Tokunaga,K., Miyoshi,Y., Date,I. Continuous intraventricular infusion of erythropoietin exerts neuroprotective/rescue effects upon Parkinson's disease model of rats with enhanced neurogenesis. Brain Research 2009; 1254(-;-):120-127. >>> Erythropoietin; Albumin, rat serum; saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (Sprague Dawley, 220-250 g.).

P9369 Belayev,L., Khoutorova,L., Zhao,K.L., Davidoff,A.W., Moore,A.F., Cramer,S.C. A novel neurotrophic therapeutic strategy for experimental stroke. Brain Research 2009; 1280(-;-):117-123. >>> Erythropoietin; Saline; IV (femoral); Rat; 2ML1; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Long-Evans, 280-330 g., MCAO).

P9049 Hack,M., Mascha,F.G., Jobst,B.J., Riegger,G.A.J., Griese,D.P. A systemic combination therapy with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor plus erythropoietin aggravates the healing process of balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy 2008; 22(-5-):351-362. >>> Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, recomb. human; erythropoietin; IP; Rat; 2ML1; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; peptides; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 300-350 g., splenectomy); "We used implantable osmotic minipumps to guarantee continuous systemic delivery of the tested cytokines over the first even days upon intraperitoneal deposition." pg. 353.

P8932 Oya,S., Yoshikawa,G., Takai,K., Tanaka,J.I., Higashiyama,S., Saito,N., Kirino,T., Kawahara,N. Region-specific proliferative response of neural progenitors to exogenous stimulation by growth factors following ischemia. NeuroReport 2008; 19(-8-):805-810. >>> Epidermal growth factor, recomb. human; fibroblast growth factor-2, recomb. human; insulin-like growth factor I, recomb. human; erythropoietin, recomb. rat; brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; DDL4, recomb. mouse; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1003D; 3 days; Ischemia; animal info (male, Wistar, 8wks old, 280-300 g.); bilateral infusion.

P8660 Soliz,J., Gassmann,M., Joseph,V. Soluble erythropoietin receptor is present in the mouse brain and is required for the ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON 2007; 583(-1-):329-336. >>> Erythropoietin receptor, soluble; Phosphate buffer; CSF/CNS; Mice; 1003D; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; animal info (male C57/BL6, 3 months old, hypoxia).

P8429 Frederiksen,B.L., Caye-Thomasen,P., Lund,S.P., Wagner,N., Asal,K., Olsen,N.V., Thomsen,J. Does erythropoietin augment noise induced hearing loss?. Hearing Research 2007; 223(-1-2-):129-137. >>> Erythropoietin; Ear (round window); Guinea-Pig; 1007D; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ saline; replacement therapy (noise-induced hearing impairment); comparison of acute admin. vs. mp; peptides; animal info (male, Dunkin-Hartley); tissue perfusion (round window); mp primed 6 hours in 37 Celsius saline; correct catheter placement confirmed.

P7614 Malhotra,S., Savitz,S.I., Ocava,L., Rosenbaum,D.M. Ischemic preconditioning is mediated by erythropoietin through PI-3 kinase signaling in an animal model of transient ischemic attack. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2006; 83(-1-):19-27. >>> Erythropoietin receptor, soluble; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1007D; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; ischemia (cerebral); animal info (male, Wistar, 200-225 g); MCAO.

P5948 Prass,K., Scharff,A., Ruscher,K., Loewl,D., Muselmann,C., Victorov,I., Kapinya,K., Dirnagl,U., Meisel,A. Hypoxia-induced stroke tolerance in the mouse is mediated by erythropoietin. Stroke 2003; 34(-8-):1981-1986. >>> Erythropoietin, soluble receptor; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS; Mice; 1003D; 64 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; ischemia (cerebral); human EPO used; 0.1%BSA used in vehicle.

P5801 Shingo,T., Sorokan,S.T., Shimazaki,T., Weiss,S. Erythropoietin regulates the in vitro and in vivo production of neuronal progenitors by mammalian forebrain neural stem cells. J Neurosci 2001; 21(-24-):9733-9743. >>> Erythropoietin; antibody, rabbit anti-EPO neutralizing; rabbit IgG; Saline; albumin, mouse serum; rat serum; CSF/CNS; Mice; 1007D; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; Erythropoietin (EPO) Recomb. Human, antibody&IgG were dissolved in 0.9% saline with 1 mg/ml mouse serum albumin; pump/cannula schematic (p. 9739 fig A).

P4619 Walker,B.R., Resta,T.C, Nelin,L.D. Nitric oxide-dependent pulmonary vasodilation in polycythemic rats. Am.J.Physiol.(Heart Circ.Physiol.) 2000; 279(--):H2382-H2389. >>> Erythropoietin; Saline; rat; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/vehicle; peptides; cardiovascular.

P4291 Roeder,I., de Haan,G., Engel,C., Nijhof,W., Dontje,B., Loeffler,M. Interactions of erythropoietin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, stem cell factor, and interleukin-11 on murine hematopoiesis during simultaneous administration. Blood 1998/5/1; 91(-9-):3222-3229. >>> Interleukin-11; Stem cell factor; Colony-stimulating factor, G; Erythropoietin;; SC;; mice;; 2002; 1007D;; 7 days;; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by pilot studies; no stress (see pg. 3223); peptides; recomb. human interleukin-11, EPO,&G-CSF used; recomb. rat stem cell factor used (pegylated);agents were given in every combination;.

P2970 Shibata,T., Kindler,V., Chicheportiche,Y., Vassalli,P., Izui,S. Interleukin 3 perfusion prevents death due to acute anemia induced by monoclonal antierythrocyte autoantibody. J.Exp.Med. 1990; 171(--):1809-1814. >>> Interleukin-3; Colony-stimulating factor, GM; Erythropoietin; PBS; Glycerol; LPS, e. coli; SC; mice; 2002; no duration posted; controls received mp with vehicles +/- LPS; immunology; peptides; recomb. mouse GM-CSF&IL-3 used; recomb. human EPO used.

P2737 Hoffman,A., Nyska,A., Avramoff,A., Golomb,G. Continuous versus pulsatile administration of erythropoietin (EPO) via the uterus in anemic rats. Int.J.Pharmaceutics 1994; 111(--):197-202. >>> Erythropoietin; intrauterine; rat; 2002; 5 days; controls received intrauterine bolus of saline; replacement therapy (gentamicin-induced anemia); comparison of iv bolus and intrauterine bolus vs. mp; peptides; mp implanted subdermally in abdomen; "administration of drug at a constant rate produces considerably greater biological effect than that observed in the pulsatile mode." (pg. 200); tissue perfusion (uterus); recomb. human EPO used.

P2546 de Haan,G., Engel,C., Dontje,B., Loeffler,M., Nijhof,W. Hemotoxicity by prolonged etoposide administration to mice can be prevented by simultaneous growth factor therapy. Cancer Res. 1995; 55(--):324-329. >>> Erythropoietin; Colony-stimulating factor, G; Etoposide; SC; mice; 7 days; dose-response curves (pg. 326-328); cancer; peptides; etoposide is VP-16-213; EPO and VP-16-213 given in same pump initially, but this inactived the G-CSF; multiple pumps per animal (1-2) for G-CSF/VP-16 mice.

P2523 Berney,T., Shibata,T., Merino,R., Chicheportiche,Y., Kindler,V., Vassalli,P., Izui,S. Murine autoimmune hemolytic anemia resulting from Fc-gamma receptor-mediated erythrophagocytosis: protection by erythropoietin but not by interleukin-3, and aggravation by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Blood 1992; 79(-11-):2960-2964. >>> Erythropoietin; Interleukin-3; Colony-stimulating factor, GM; PBS; Glycerol; SC; mice; 2002; 14 days; immunology; peptides.

P0016 McGarry,M.P., Styles,B.D. Application of continuous flow osmotic minipumps in the study of hemopoietic regulators. Exp.Hematol. 1978; 6(-10-):809-811. >>> Erythropoietin; SC; Mice; 1701; 7; comparison of injections vs. mp infusion; peptides.

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5. Interferons

Q0408 Ryu,H.J., Kim,J.E., Kim,M.J., Kwon,H.J., Suh,S.W., Song,H.K., Kang,T.C. THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF INTERLEUKIN-18 AND INTERFERON-gamma ON NEURONAL DAMAGES IN THE RAT HIPPOCAMPUS FOLLOWING STATUS EPILEPTICUS. Neuroscience 2010; 170(-3-):711-721. >>> Antibody, anti IL-18; IL-18, recomb. rat; interferon, gamma, recomb. rat; antibody, anti interferon, gamma; IL-18 receptor antagonist; interferon, gamma, receptor antagonist; Saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1007D; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (Sprague Dawley, 7 wks old); ALZET brain infusion kit 1 used.

P9920 Bott,R.C., Ashley,R.L., Henkes,L.E., Antoniazzi,A.Q., Bruemmer,J.E., Niswender,G.D., Bazer,F.W., Spencer,T.E., Smirnova,N.P., Anthony,R.V., Hansen,T.R. Uterine Vein Infusion of Interferon Tau (IFNT) Extends Luteal Life Span in Ewes. Biology of Reproduction 2010; 82(-4-):725-735. >>> Interferon-tau, recomb, ovine; IV (uterine vein); Sheep (ewe); 2001D; 2ML1; 7 days; 24 hours; Controls recieved mp w/BSA or sham surgeries; animal info (white-faced, western range ewe); cyanoacrylate adhesive.

P9580 Tzima,S., Victoratos,P., Kranidioti,K., Alexiou,M., Kollias,G. Myeloid heme oxygenase-1 regulates innate immunity and autoimmunity by modulating IFN-beta production. Journal of Experimental Medicine 2009; 206(-5-):1167-1179. >>> Interferon-beta, recomb. human; Mice; 2002; 14 days; Animal info (Hmox1 KO).

P9300 Shinohara,A., Koyanagi,S., Hamdan,A.M., Matsunaga,N., Aramaki,H., Ohdo,S. Dosing schedule-dependent change in the disruptive effects of interferon-alpha on the circadian clock function. LIFE SCIENCES 2008; 83(-15-16-):574-580. >>> Interferon-alpha, recomb. human; Saline; SC; Mice; 2001; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of SC injections vs. mp; half-life (p. 579) "relatively short"; peptides; animal info (male, ICR, 5 wks old); behavioral testing (locomotor activity).

P8835 Rogers,A.B., Theve,E.J., Feng,Y., Fry,R.C., Taghizadeh,K., Clapp,K.M., Boussahmain,C., Cormier,K.S., Fox,J.G. Hepatocellular carcinoma associated with liver-gender disruption in male mice. Cancer Research 2007; 67(-24-):11536-11546. >>> Interferon-gamma, recomb. murine; SC; Mice; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cancer (tumorigenic hepatitis, liver); peptides; animal info (male, female, A/JCr).

P8739 Qiao,X.T., Ziel,J.W., Mckimpson,W., Madison,B.B., Todisco,A., Merchant,J.L., Samuelson,L.C., Gumucio,D.L. Prospective identification of a multilineage progenitor in murine stomach epithelium. Gastroenterology 2007; 133(-6-):1989-1998. >>> Interferon-gamma; PBS; BSA; IP; Mice (transgenic); 2, 8, 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of IP injections vs. mp; peptides; animal info (12.4 KVil-EGFP tg; C57BL/6J; 4 months old); long-term study.

P8261 Si,Y., Ciccone,S., Yang,F.C., Yuan,J., Zeng,D., Chen,S., van de Vrugt,H.J., Critser,J., Arwert,F., Haneline,L.S., Clapp,D.W. Continuous in vivo infusion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enhances engraftment of syngeneic wild-type cells in Fanca-/- and Fancg-/- mice. Blood 2006; 108(-13-):4283-4287. >>> Interferon-gamma, mouse; PBS; SC; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 4286); immunology; peptides; animal info (C57BL/6).

P7725 Birk,R.Z., Rubinstein,M. IFN-alpha induces apoptosis of adipose tissue cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2006; 345(-2-):669-674. >>> Interferon-a A/D, recomb. human; Saline; SC; Mice; 8 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (C57BL/6, diet-induced obese).

P7447 Kang,W.Q., Rathinavelu,S., Samuelson,L.C., Merchant,J.L. Interferon gamma induction of gastric mucous neck cell hypertrophy. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION 2005; 85(-5-):702-715. >>> Interferon-gamma, recomb. mouse; IP; Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received PBS; animal info (c57BL/6).

P7184 Mathian,A., Weinberg,A., Gallegos,M., Banchereau,J., Koutouzov,S. IFN-alpha induces early lethal lupus in preautoimmune (New Zealand black x New Zealand White)F1 but not in BALB/c mice1. Journal of Immunology 2005; 174(-5-):2499-2506. >>> Interferon, mouse; PBS; BSA; SC; Mice; 1002; 8-10 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced every 2 weeks; immunology.

P7132 Brooling,J.T., Campbell,J.S., Mitchell,C., Yeoh,G.C., Fausto,N. Differential regulation of rodent hepatocyte and oval cell proliferation by interferon gamma. Hepatology 2005; 41(-4-):906-915. >>> Interferon-gamma, recomb. mouse; SC; Mice; 4-6 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; replacement therapy (hepatectomy).

P7042 Li,X.X., Yang,Y.Z., Yuan,J., Hong,P., Freie,B., Orazi,A., Haneline,L.S., Clapp,D.W. Continuous in vivo infusion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) preferentially reduces myeloid progenitor numbers and enhances engraftment of syngeneic wild-type cells in Fancc(-/-) mice. Blood 2004; 104(-4-):1204-1209. >>> Interferon-gamma, murine; PBS; SC; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 7); no stress (pg. 1209); stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 1205) "modest though not significant rise in peripheral white blood cell count" (pg. 1205); "IFN-gamma was overall well tolerated by both WT and Fancc -/- mice." (pg. 1208); hematology.

P6764 Frewert,S., Stockhammer,F., Warschewske,G., Zenclussen,A.C., Rupprecht,S., Volk,H.D., Woiciechowsky,C. Intratumoral infusion of interleukin-1 beta and interferon-gamma; induces tumor invasion with macrophages and lymphocytes in a rat glioma model. Neuroscience Letters 2004; 364(-3-):145-148. >>> Interleukin-1, beta recomb. rat; Interferon-gamma, recomb. rat; Saline, physiological; albumin, human serum; CSF/CNS (intratumoral); Rat; 1003D; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (tumor); cancer (glioma).

P6142 Koyanagi,S., Ohdo,S. Alteration of intrinsic biological rhythms during interferon treatment and its possible mechanism. MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY 2002; 62(-6-):1393-1399. >>> Interferon-alpha; Saline, sterile; SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology; peptides.

P6048 Zavros,Y., Rathinavelu,S., Kao,J.Y., Todisco,A., Del Valle,J., Weinstock,J.V., Low,M.J., Merchant,J.L. Treatment of Helicobacter gastritis with IL-4 requires somatostatin. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2003; 100(-22-):12944-12949. >>> Interleukin-4; interferon-gamma; PBS; IP; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of IP injections vs. IP mp.

P5102 Skovseth,D.K., Yamanaka,T., Brandtzaeg,P., Butcher,E.C., Haraldsen,G. Vascular morphogenesis and differentiation after adoptive transfer of human endothelial cells to immunodeficient mice. American Journal of Pathology 2002; 160(-5-):1629-1637. >>> Interferon-gamma; Abdominal wall; mice; 2004; ; tissue perfusion (abdominal wall); immunology; peptides; pump implanted SC, catheter tube perfused matrigel plug in abdominal wall..

P4675 Jander,S, Schroetter,M, Fischer,J, Stoll,G. Differential regulation of microglial keratan sulfate immunoreactivity by proinflammatory cytokines and colony-stimulating factors.. Glia 2000; 30(--):401-410. >>> Interferon-gamma; Tumor necrosis factor-a;; PBS, sterile;; CSF/CNS;; rat;; 1007D;; 6 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology; peptides; ALZET brain infusion kit used; proinflammatory cytokines;.

P4551 Nedelec,B, Dodd,C.M, Scott,P.G, Ghahary,A., Tredget,E.E. Effect of interferon-alpha 2b on guinea pig wound closure and the expression of cytoskeletal proteins in vivo.. Wound Repair and Regeneration 1998/6/1; 6(--):202-212. >>> Interferon-a2b; Saline, sterile; IP; Guinea-pig; 2ML4; 7, 14, 21 days; Controls received mp w/vehicle; wound healing study.

P4477 Voest,E.E, Kenyon,B.M, O'Reilly,M.S, Truitt,G, D'Amato,R.J, Folkman,J. Inhibition of angiogenesis in vivo by interleukin 12.. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1995; 87(-8-):581-586. >>> Interferon-gamma; Saline; IM; Mice (scid); 2002; ; Controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by checking residual volume; comparison of bolus invections vs. mp; cancer; immunology; angiogenesis inhibitor; recomb. murine interferon-gamma used; "... in comparison with bolus injections, continuous intraperitoneal infusion of IFN gamma achieved enhanced inhibition of angiogenesis ..." (p. 585).

P3986 Henke,P.K., Bergamini,T.M., Watson,A.L., Brittian,K.R., Powell,D.W., Peyton,J.C. Bacterial products primarily mediate fibroblast inhibition in biomaterial infection. J.Surg.Res. 1998; 74(--):17-22. >>> Antibody, anti-interferon gamma; Antibody, indomethacin; Antibody, anti-TNFa; Antibody, interleukin 1 alpha; PBS, sterile; ETOH; Indomethacin; SC; mice; 1007D; 7 days; immunology; pump implanted next to Dacron graft; peptides.

P3731 Galbiati,F., Rogge,L., Guery,J.-C., Smiroldo,S., Adorini,L. Regulation of the IL-12 receptor B2 subunit by soluble antigen and IL-12 in vivo. Eur.J.Immunol. 1998; 28(--):209-220. >>> Interleukin-12; Interleukin-2; Lysozyme, hen egg white; Ovalbumin; Interferon-gamma; PBS; Albumin, mouse serum; SC; mice; 2001; 9 days; controls received mp w/ PBS; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; immunology; peptides; agents infused singly or in combination in the same pump; recomb. human IL-2 used; recomb. mouse IFN-gamma used.

P3567 Tsuji-Takayama,K., Harashima,A., Tahata,H., Izumi,N., Nishida,Y., Namba,M., Okuda,Y., Ohta,T., Kurimoto,M. IFN-gamma in combination with IL-3 accelerates platelet recovery in mice with 5-fluorouracil-induced marrow aplasia. J.Interferon and Cytokine Res. 1996; 16(--):447-451. >>> Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-3; Albumin, mouse serum; PBS; SC; mice; 1007D; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; stability verified after 7 day storage; immunology; peptides; cytokines given singly and together.

P3501 Siesjo,P., Visse,E., Sjogren,H.O. Cure of established, intracerebral rat gliomas induced by therapeutic immunizations with tumor cells and purified APC or adjuvant IFN-gamma treatment. J.Immunol. 1996; 19(-5-):334-345. >>> Interferon-gamma; SC; CSF/CNS; rat; 14 days; cancer; immunology; peptides; ALZET brain infusion kit used.

P3104 Unemori,E.N., Beck,L.S., Lee,W.P., Xu,Y., Siegel,M., Keller,G., Liggitt,H.D., Bauer,E.A., Amento,E.P. Human relaxin decreases collagen accumulation in vivo in two rodent models of fibrosis. J.Invest.Dermatol. 1993; 101(--):280-285. >>> Relaxin; Interferon-gamma; PBS; SC; rat; mice; 2002; no duration posted; controls received mp with vehicle; immunology; multiple pumps per animal (1-2) for relaxin delivery; polyvinyl alcohol sponges implanted subcutaneously in rats for fibrotic infiltration; intentional capsule formation in mice analyzed.

P3004 Flynn,J.L., Chan,J., Triebold,K.J., Dalton,D.K., Stewart,T.A., Bloom,B.R. An essential role for interferon gamma in resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J.Exp.Med. 1993; 178(--):2249-2254. >>> Interferon-gamma; PBS; SC; mice; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ PBS or could endogenously produce IFN; replacement therapy (genetic inability to produce IFN-gamma); comparison of im injections vs. mp; circulating half-life of IFN-gamma in mice is about 1 hour; continuous delivery of IFN-gamma prolonged survival longer than did IFN injections (12 vs. 4 days longer than controls); mouse IFN-gamma used.

P2948 Curfs,J.H.A.J., van der Meide,P.H., Billiau,A., Meuwissen,J.H.E.Th., Eling,W.M.C. Plasmodium berghei: recombinant interferon-y and the development of parasitemia and cerebral lesions in malaria-infected mice. Exp.Parasitology 1993; 77(--):212-223. >>> Interferon-gamma; Saline, isotonic; IP; mice; mice (nude); 2002; no duration posted; controls were untreated, or treated but uninfected; ". . .daily injection of a bolus of 105 units of IFN-gamma is not lethal, whereas even a lower daily total dose of 2.5 x 104 units of IFN-gamma administered by continuous release is lethally toxic."; only continuous delivery was able to prevent development of cerebral malaria; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; recomb. rat IFN-gamma.

P2935 Rapp,J., Dallah,C.N., Schulz-Key,H. Parenteral administration of cytokines and drugs in rodent filariasis via osmotic pumps. Parasite 1994; 1(-1S-):35-37. >>> Interferon-gamma; SC; mice; 2002; 14 days; controls received mp with PBS or were untreated; no stress (see pg. 37); immunology; "implantation of osmotic pumps is a suitable method for the application of short lived substances like IFN-gamma or other cytokines."; incision heals within three days and animals show no signs of discomfort, making pumps a useful alternative to repeated injections especially for rodents..."; recomb. mouse IFN-gamma used.

P2677 Drath,D.B., Do,C., Burd,T., Hong,L.L. Activation of a distinct subpopulation of pulmonary macrophages following exposure to biological response modifiers. Immunol.Invest. 1994; 23(-2-):115-127. >>> Interferon-gamma; S-MDP, free; S-MDP, liposome-encapsulated; SC; rat; 7 days; comparison of bolus tracheal injections, iv administration and mp; immunology; peptides; IFN-gamma and S-MDP were most effective when delivered either intravenously or via osmotic minipump infusion; S-MDP is lipophilic N-acetylmuramyl-6-0-stearoyl-alanyl-D-isoglutamine; recomb. mouse IFN-gamma used.

P2625 Wiranowska,M., Prockop,L.D., Naidu,A.K., Saporta,S., Kori,S., Kulkarni,A.P. Interferon entry through the blood-brain barrier in glioma and its effect on lipoxygenase activity. Anticancer Res. 1994; 14(--):1121-1126. >>> Interferon-a/B, mouse; Interferon-gamma; SC; mice; 3 days; cancer; peptides; recomb. mouse IFN-gamma used.

P2533 Rockey,D.C., Chung,J.J. Interferon gamma inhibits lipocyte activation and extracellular matrix mRNA expression during experimental liver injury: implications for treatment of hepatic fibrosis. J.Invest.Med. 1994; 42(-4-):660-670. >>> Interferon-gamma; PBS; Albumin, bovine serum; IP; rat; 2ML4; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology; peptides; rat IFN-gamma used.

P2494 Rosiello,R.A., Merrill,W.W., Rockwell,S., Carter,D., Cooper Jr,J.A.D., Care,S., Amento,E.P. Radiation pneumonitis: bronchoalveolar lavage assessment and modulation by a recombinant cytokine. Am.Rev.Respir.Dis. 1993; 148(--):1671-1676. >>> Interferon-gamma; SC; rat; 26 days; peptides; oncology.

P2301 Kuhn,J.A., Wong,J.Y.C., Beatty,B.G., Esteban,J.M., Williams,L.E., Beatty,J.D. Gamma-interferon enhancement of carcinoembryonic antigen expression in human colon carcinoma xenografts. J.Immunother. 1992; 11(--):257-266. >>> Interferon-gamma; Albumin, bovine serum; PBS; SC; mice; 1007D; 3-7 days; functionality of mp verified by residual amounts; dose-response (text p. 259, graph p. 260); comparison of ip injections vs. infusion; cancer; immunology; peptides; biological activity of residual in pump diminished 15% by day 4, 25% by day 6 (p. 262); recomb. human IFN-gamma used.

P2121 Wiranowska,M., Gonzalvo,A.A., Saporta,S., Gonzalez,O.R., Prockop,L.D. Evaluation of blood-brain barrier permeability and the effect of interferon in mouse glioma model. J.Neurooncology 1992; 14(--):225-236. >>> Interferon-a/B, mouse; SC; mice; 1003D; 3 days; cancer; homologous mouse IFN-a/B used.

P1999 Denis,M. Involvement of cytokines in determining resistance and acquired immunity in murine tuberculosis. J.Leukoc.Biol. 1991; 50(--):495-501. >>> Interferon-gamma, inactivated; Tumor necrosis factor-a; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-2, inactivated; Tumor necrosis factor-a, inactivated; IP; mice; 2002; no duration posted; peptides.

P1947 Newton,G.R., Martinod,S., Hansen,P.J., Thatcher,W.W., Siegenthaler,B., Gerber,C., Voirol,M.-J. Effect of bovine interferon on acute changes in body temperature and serum progesterone concentration in heifers. J.Dairy Sci. 1990; 73(--):3439-3448. >>> Interferon-a1; cattle; 2ML1; 5 days; peptides; serum IFN-a levels (p. 3445).

P1918 Granstein,R.D., Deak,M.R., Jacques,S.L., Margolis,R.J., Flotte,T.J., Whitaker,D., Long,F.H., Amento,E.P. The systemic administration of gamma interferon inhibits collagen synthesis and acute inflammation in a murine skin wound model. J.Invest.Dermatol. 1989; 93(-1-):18-27. >>> Interferon-gamma; PBS; Serum, mouse; IP; SC; mice; 2002; 14 days; peptides; wound healing.

P1845 Denis,M. Recombinant murine beta interferon enhances resistance of mice to systemic mycobacterium avium infection. Infect.Immun. 1991; 59(-5-):1857-1859. >>> Interferon-beta; mice; 2002; no duration posted; controls received pumps with heat-inactivated cytokines; peptides.

P1718 Murray,H.W. Effect of continuous administration of interferon-y in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. J.Infect.Dis. 1990; 161(--):992-994. >>> Stibogluconate, sodium; Interferon-gamma; Albumin, bovine serum; Saline; SC; mice; 2002; 1 week; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; immunology; some mice received 2 pumps.

P1293 Guadagni,F., Schlom,J., Pothen,S., Pestka,S., Greiner,J.W. Parameters involved in the enhancement of monoclonal antibody targeting in vivo with recombinant interferon. Cancer Immunol.Immunother. 1988; 26(--):222-230. >>> Interferon-a, recomb. human; Saline; SC; mice (nude); 2001; 5-13 days; dose-response (graph); half life; comparison of i.m. injections vs. mp infusion; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; cancer/immunology; peptides.

P0987 Granstein,R.D., Murphy,G.F., Margolis,R.J., Byrne,M.H., Amento,E.P. Gamma-interferon inhibits collagen synthesis in vivo in the mouse. J.Clin.Invest. 1987; 79(-4-):1254-1258. >>> Interferon-gamma; PBS; Serum, mouse; SC; mice; 2002; 7-14 days; 2002, 7-14 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; peptides; immunology; stress/adverse reaction (fibrous tissue formation which was used to study effects of gamma-interferon).

P0957 Drath,D.B. Modulation of pulmonary macrophage superoxide release and tumoricidal activity following activation by biological response modifiers. Immunopharmacology 1986; 12(-2-):117-126. >>> Interferon-gamma; Liposomes; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/empty liposomes; liposome encapsulated agent and free agent; comparison of iv injections vs. mp infusion; cancer/immunology; peptides.

P0504 Heston,W.D.W., Fleischmann,J., Tackett,R.E., Ratliff,T.L. Effects of a-difluoromethylornithine and recombinant interferon-a2 on the growth of a human renal cell adenocarcinoma xenograft in nude mice. Cancer Res. 1984; 44(--):3220-3225. >>> Interferon-a2, recomb. human; SC; mice (nude); 2002; 4 weeks; pump replaced after 2 weeks; immunotherapy; controls received unidentified vehicle in mp; peptides; cancer; recomb. human IF-a2 used.

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6. Interleukin-1

Q0621 Kimura,H., Yukitake,H., Suzuki,H., Tajima,Y., Gomaibashi,K., Morimoto,S., Funabashi,Y., Yamada,K., Takizawa,M. The Chondroprotective Agent ITZ-1 Inhibits Interleukin-1 beta-Induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Production and Suppresses Nitric Oxide-Induced Chondrocyte Death. JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2009; 110(-2-):201-211. >>> Interleukin-1, beta; BSA; saline, sterile; Knee (articular cavity); Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Animal info (8 wks old, male, Sprague-Dawley, CRJ:IGS).

P9325 Anisman,H., Gibb,J., Hayley,S. Influence of continuous infusion of interleukin-1-beta on depression-related processes in mice: corticosterone, circulating cytokines, brain monoamines, and cytokine mRNA expression. Psychopharmacology 2008; 199(-2-):231-244. >>> Interleukin-1, beta; Saline; BSA; SC; Mice; 3, 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, CD-1, 6-7 wks old); behavioral testing (motor activity).

P9451 Temporin,K., Tanaka,H., Kuroda,Y., Okada,K., Yachi,K., Moritomo,H., Murase,T., Yoshikawa,H. Interleukin-1 beta promotes sensory nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury. Neuroscience Letters 2008; 440(-2-):130-133. >>> Interleukin-1, beta; CSF/CNS (sciatic nerve); Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ PBS; animal info (female, Wistar, 180-220 g., sciatic nerve injury); behavioral testing (motor function, toe spreading test, sensory function).

P7971 Sosenko,I.R.S., Kallapur,S.G., Nitsos,I., Moss,T.J.M., Newnham,J.P., Ikegami,M., Jobe,A.H. IL-1 alpha causes lung inflammation and maturation by direct effects on preterm fetal lamb lungs. PEDIATRIC RESEARCH 2006; 60(-3-):294-298. >>> Interleukin-1, alpha, recomb. ovine; Intratracheal; Sheep (fetus); 2001D; ; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (merino, ewes + fetuses); silicone tubing used to collect lung fluid; vinyl tubing for intratracheal infusion; tissue perfusion (trachea).

P7145 Mitchell,B.F., Zielnik,B., Wong,S., Roberts,C.D., Mitchell,J.M. Intraperitoneal infusion of proinflammatory cytokines does not cause activation of the rat uterus during late gestation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2005; 289(-4-):E658-E664. >>> Interleukin-1 beta; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Saline; IP; Rat (pregnant); 2001D; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume.

P7096 Park,Y.G., Kang,S.K., Kim,W.J., Lee,Y.C., Kim,C.H. Effects of TGF-beta, TNF-alpha-, IL-beta and IL-6 alone or in combination, and tyrosine kinase inhibitor on cyclooxygenase expression, prostaglandin E2 production and bone resorption in mouse calvarial bone cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY&CELL BIOLOGY 2004; 36(-11-):2270-2280. >>> Interleukin-1, beta; PBS; SC; Mice; 1003D; 72 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle.

P6205 Guo,H.L., Epperly,M.W., Bernarding,M., Nie,S.H., Gretton,J., Jefferson,M., Greenberger,J.S. Manganese superoxide dismutase-plasmid/liposome (MnSOD-PL) intratracheal gene therapy reduction of irradiation-induced inflammatory cytokines does not protect orthotopic Lewis Lung Carcinomas. In Vivo 2003; 17(-1-):13-21. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; transforming growth factor-beta; interleukin-1; Saline, normal; SC; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 17); cancer (lung).

P5803 Korekane,H., Nishikawa,A., Imamura,K. Mechanisms mediating metabolic abnormalities in the livers of Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 2003; 412(-2-):216-222. >>> Ornithine decarboxylase-inducing factor; Interleukin-1, alpha; tumor necrosis factor-µ; Interleukin-6; SC; IP; Mice; 1007D; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS vehicle; cancer; IL-1µ(human recomb)&ornithine decarboxylase-inducing factor (ODC factor) were infused via IP route; IL-6 was infused (SC).

R0193 Anisman,H., Hayley,S., Turrin,N., Merali,Z. Cytokines as a stressor: implications for depressive illness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2002; 5(-4-):357-373. >>> Interleukin-1, beta; Rat; 1 week; Peptides; p. 360.

P5878 Schoning,B., Elepfandt,P., Daberkow,N., Rupprecht,S., Stockhammer,F., Stoltenburg,G., Volk,H.D., Woiciechowsky,C. Differences in immune cell invasion into the cerebrospinal fluid and brain parenchyma during cerebral infusion of interleukin-1 beta. NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES 2002; 23(-5-):211-218. >>> Interleukin-1, beta; Interleukin-6; Tumor necrosis factor-a; Albumin, human serum; CSF/CNS (hypothalamus, lateral ventricle); Rat; 1003D; 4,8,24,48 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by CSF cell infiltration; dose-response (p. 213); ALZET brain infusion kit used; IL-1ßwas rat recomb; cannula position verified histologically; cytokine levels in CSF were assayed.

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7. Interleukin-2

R0190 Anisman,H., Kokkinidis,L., Merali,Z. Further evidence for the depressive effects of cytokines: Anhedonia and neurochemical changes. BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY 2002; 16(-5-):544-556. >>> Interleukin-2; Mice; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; peptides; examined anhedonic effects of IL-2.

P9309 Lane,E.L., Soulet,D., Vercammen,L., Cenci,M.A., Brundin,P. Neuroinflammation in the generation of post-transplantation dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2008; 32(-2-):220-228. >>> Interleukin-2; Saline; CSF/CNS (striatum); Rat; 2002; 12 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (female, Sprague Dawley); neurodegenerative (Parkinson's Disease); behavioral testing (rotational behavior and locomotor; axial, limb, and orolingual movements).

P8528 Neal,Z.C., Sondel,P.M., Bates,M.K., Gillies,S.D., Herweijer,H. Flt3-L gene therapy enhances immunocytokine-mediated antitumor effects and induces long-term memory. CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY 2007; 56(-11-):1765-1774. >>> Interleukin-2, recomb. human; SC; Mice; 2001; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ no treatment; cancer (neuroblastoma); peptides; animal info (female, A/J, ICR, 6-8 weeks old); gene therapy.

P7460 Roychowdhury,S., Blaser,B.W., Freud,A.G., Katz,K., Bhatt,D., Ferketich,A.K., Bergdall,V., Kusewitt,D., Baiocchi,R.A., Caligiuri,M.A. IL-15 but not IL-2 rapidly induces lethal xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2005; 106(-7-):2433-2435. >>> Interleukin-15, recomb. human; interleukin-2, recomb. human; PBS; albumin, human; SC; Mice (SCID); 1007D; 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology; animal info (female, CB17, hu-PBL-SCID, 8-12 weeks old).

P6765 Neal,Z.C., Yang,J.C., Rakhmilevich,A.L., Buhtoiarov,I.N., Lum,H.E., Imboden,M., Hank,J.A., Lode,H.N., Reisfeld,R.A., Gillies,S.D., Sondel,P.M. Enhanced activity of Hu14.18-IL2 immunocytokine against murine NXS2 neuroblastoma when combined with interleukin 2 therapy. Clinical Cancer Research 2004; 10(-14-):4839-4847. >>> Interleukin-2, recomb. human; SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS; no stress (see pg.4841); cancer (neuroblastoma); peptides.

P4872 Margenthaler,J.A., Tu,F., Otomo,N., Shimizu,Y., Yu,S., Flye,M.W. Immunogenicity of Ld+ transgenic mouse hearts. Surgery 2001; 130(--):217-224. >>> Interleukin-2; mice; 1007D; 7 days; controls received no IL-2 treatment; immunology; peptides.

P4815 Hautmann,S., Huland,E., Wullbrand,A., Friedrich,M., Huland,H. Treatment of metastatic hormone-refractory prostate adenocarcinoma (MatLyLu) in Copenhagen rats with micro-osmotic interleukin-2 pumps.. Anticancer Research 2000; 20(--):4495-4498. >>> Interleukin-2;; Albumin, human;; SC; Peritumoral (orthotopic); rat;; 2002;; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by in vitro assay; no stress (see p. 4496); good methods pumps weighed p. 4496; cancer (prostate); immunology; peptides; rats had a prostatic adenocarcinoma tumor implanted; Albumin vehicle was 20% concentration; SC&peritumoral orthotopic implantation; Note: these pumps were left in for 28 days;.

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8. Interleukin-3

Q0809 Kim,S., Shen,T., Min,B. Basophils Can Directly Present or Cross-Present Antigen to CD8 Lymphocytes and Alter CD8 T Cell Differentiation into IL-10-Producing Phenotypes. Journal of Immunology 2009; 183(-5-):3033-3039. >>> Interleukin-3; Mice (transgenic); 7 days; Animal info (C57BL/6, OT-I TCR-transgenic, IL-4KO B6); immunology.

P9822 Yoshimoto,T., Yasuda,K., Tanaka,H., Nakahira,M., Imai,Y., Fujimori,Y., Nakanishi,K. Basophils contribute to TH2-IgE responses in vivo via IL-4 production and presentation of peptide-MHC class II complexes to CD4+ T cells. NATURE IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 10(-7-):706-U54. >>> Interleukin-3; PBS; SC; Mice; ; Animal info (DO11.10, IL-4 deficient).

P9722 Shen,T., Kim,S., Do,J.S., Wang,L., Lantz,C., Urban,J.F., Le Gros,G., Min,B. T cell-derived IL-3 plays key role in parasite infection-induced basophil production but is dispensable for in vivo basophil survival. International Immunology 2008; 20(-9-):1201-1209. >>> Interleukin-3; Mice; ; Animal info (BALB/c, IL-3 deficient).

P8557 Oh,K., Shen,T., Le Gros,G., Min,B. Induction of Th2 type immunity in a mouse system reveals a novel immunoregulatory role of basophils. Blood 2007; 109(-7-):2921-2927. >>> Interleukin-3; SC; Mice; mice (transgenic); 7 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS or no treatment; immunology; peptides; animal info (C57BL/6, BIO.A Rag -/-); "Sought an alternative strategy to generate basophils in vivo by administering IL-3 into mice via a miniosmotic pump." (p. 2923).

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9. Interleukin-4

Q0583 Milner,J.D., Orekov,T., Ward,J.M., Cheng,L., Torres-Velez,F., Junttila,I., Sun,G.P., Buller,M., Morris,S.C., Finkelman,F.D., Paul,W.E. Sustained IL-4 exposure leads to a novel pathway for hemophagocytosis, inflammation, and tissue macrophage accumulation. Blood 2010; 116(-14-):2476-2483. >>> Interleukin-4, recomb. mouse; interleukin-13 recomb. mouse; SC; Mice; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS; animal info (C57BL6, b6 Rag2 -/-, b6 Stat6 -/-); 100 ul sized pump used; immunology.

P9263 Wang,L., van Panhuys,N., Hu-Li,J., Kim,S.H., Le Gros,G., Min,B.K. Blimp-1 induced by IL-4 plays a critical role in suppressing IL-2 production in activated CD4 T cells. Journal of Immunology 2008; 181(-8-):5249-5256. >>> Interleukin-4; ovalbumin; SC; Mice; 7 days; Immunology, animal info (CD45.1, C57BL/6).

P8350 Mizoguchi,A., Ogawa,A., Takedatsu,H., Sugimoto,K., Shimornura,Y., Shirane,K., Nagahama,K., Nagaishi,T., Mizoguchi,E., Blumberg,R.S., Bhan,A.K. Dependence of intestinal granuloma formation on unique myeloid DC-like cells. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2007; 117(-3-):605-615. >>> Interleukin-4; IP; Mice; 3 weeks; Controls received mp w/ PBS; IL-4 knockout; animal info (C57BL/6, 9 weeks old).

P4362 Lee,T.T., Green,B.A., Dietrich,W.D., Yezierski,R.P. Neuroprotective effects of basic fibroblast growth factor following spinal cord contusion injury in the rat. Journal of Neurotrauma 1999; 16(-5-):347-356. >>> Interleukin-1; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-6; Fibroblast growth factor, basic; Nerve growth factor; Ciliary neurotrophic factor;; Water; PBS; BSA; CHAPS;; CSF/CNS (spinal cord, intrathecal);; rat;; 2001;; 7 days;; controls received mp with vehicle; tissue perfusion (injury site); good methods; peptides; 1:10 dilutional effect of CSF confirmed by dye study; PE10/50 tubing used with pump and 30 gauge needle to deliver drugs through small dural plial opening;.

P4119 Mathur,A., Vallera,D.A., Taylor,P.A., Widmer,M.B., Yang,C., Prabhu,A., Blazar,B.R. Effect of IL-7 or IL-4 on reconstitution of donor lymphoid cells in congenic murine bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplantation 1995; 16(--):119-124. >>> Interleukin-7; Interleukin-4; PBS; IP; mice; 14 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; immunology; peptides; recomb. mouse IL-4 and IL-7 used.

P4096 Levy,A.E., Alexander,J.W. Administration of intragraft interleukin-4 prolongs cardiac allograft survival in rats treated with donor-specific transfusion/cyclosporine. Transplantation 1995; 60(-5-):405-406. >>> Interleukin-4; Interleukin-10; IA (brachiocephalic); rat; 14 days; immunology; peptides; pump infused the brachiocephalic artery of a harvested heart, which was then implanted into a recipient; recomb. mouse IL-4&IL-10 used.

P2803 Carballido,J.M., Schols,D., Namikawa,R., Zurawski,S., Zurawski,G., Roncarolo,M.-G., de Vries,J.E. IL-4 induces human B cell maturation and IgE synthesis in SCID-hu mice. J.Immunol. 1995; 155(--):4162-4170. >>> Interleukin-4; PBS; SC; mice (SCID); 2002; no duration posted; long-term study, pumps replaced; immunology; human IL-4 used.

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10. Interleukin-5

P5279 Mishra,A., Hogan,S.P., Brandt,E.B., Rothenberg,M.E. IL-5 promotes eosinophil trafficking to the esophagus. J Immunol. 2002/3/1; 168(-5-):2464-2469. >>> Interleukin-5; PBS; BSA; IP; Mice (transgenic); 2001; 8 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; Immunology; peptides; human IL-5 used.

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11. Interleukin-6

Q0616 Jin,X.L., Zimmers,T.A., Zhang,Z.X., Pierce,R.H., Koniaris,L.G. Interleukin-6 is an important in vivo inhibitor of intestinal epithelial cell death in mice. Gut 2010; 59(-2-):186-196. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. murine; SC; IP; Mice; 7 days; Animal info (6-8 wks old, male, C57BL/6J).

Q0597 Zhou,X.L., Wang,J.L., Lu,J., Song,Y.P., Kwak,K.S., Jiao,Q.S., Rosenfeld,R., Chen,Q., Boone,T., Simonet,W.S., Lacey,D.L., Goldberg,A.L., Han,H.Q. Reversal of Cancer Cachexia and Muscle Wasting by ActRIIB Antagonism Leads to Prolonged Survival. Cell 2010; 142(-4-):531-543. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb.; Mice; 1, 3, 5 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (10 wks old, male, CDF1); pump infused at a rate of 1 ul/hr.

Q0523 Sultan,A., Strodthoff,D., Robertson,A.K., Paulsson-Berne,G., Fauconnier,J., Parini,P., Ryden,M., Thierry-Mieg,N., Johansson,M.E., Chibalin,A.V., Zierath,J.R., Arner,P., Hansson,G.K. T Cell-Mediated Inflammation in Adipose Tissue Does Not Cause Insulin Resistance in Hyperlipidemic Mice. Circulation Research 2009; 104(-8-):961-U97. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. human; Saline; SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (Apoe-/-, ob/ob, 11 wks old).

Q0175 Melendez,G.C., McLarty,J.L., Levick,S.P., Du,Y., Janicki,J.S., Brower,G.L. Interleukin 6 Mediates Myocardial Fibrosis, Concentric Hypertrophy, and Diastolic Dysfunction in Rats. Hypertension 2010; 56(-2-):225-231. >>> Interleukin-6; Albumin, rat; IP; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; no stress (pg 227); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 250-300 g); post op. care (buprenorphine HCl).

P9544 Bodell,P.W., Kodesh,E., Haddad,F., Zaldivar,F.P., Cooper,D.M., Adams,G.R. Skeletal muscle growth in young rats is inhibited by chronic exposure to IL-6 but preserved by concurrent voluntary endurance exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology 2009; 106(-2-):443-453. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. rat; IM (gastrocnemius); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; animal info (Sprague Dawley, 5.5 wks old, 118g); fenestrated catheter used.

P9453 Thomay,A.A., Daley,J.M., Sabo,E., Worth,P.J., Shelton,L.J., Harty,M.W., Reichner,J.S., Albina,J.E. Disruption of Interleukin-1 Signaling Improves the Quality of Wound Healing. American Journal of Pathology 2009; 174(-6-):2129-2136. >>> Interleukin-1, receptor antagonist, recomb. human; interleukin-6 recomb. mouse; Sodium citrate; sodium chloride; EDTA; Tween 80; PBS; SC; wound site; Mice; 1003D; 2002; 3, 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, B6D2F1, 8-12 wks, 27-30 g., IL-1R KO); mp was fitted with a polypropylene mesh collar containing a PVA sponge; agent also known as Anakinra; deep tissue wounds; 0.1% Tween 80 used.

P9236 Uchiyama,Y., Yoshida,H., Koike,N., Hayakawa,N., Sugita,A., Nishimura,T., Mihara,M. Anti-IL-6 receptor antibody increases blood IL-6 level via the blockade of IL-6 clearance, but not via the induction of IL-6 production. INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 8(-11-):1595-1601. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. human; SC; Mice; 1002; 9-10 days; Functionality of mp verified by serum hIL-6 levels; immunology; peptides; animal info (male, C57BL/6, IL-6 deficient).

P9235 Sonderegger,I., Iezzi,G., Maier,R., Schmitz,N., Kurrer,M., Kopf,M. GM-CSF mediates autoimmunity by enhancing IL-6-dependent Th17 cell development and survival. Journal of Experimental Medicine 2008; 205(-10-):2281-2294. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. human; SC; Mice (transgenic); mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received sham surgery; immunology; peptides; animal info (BALB/c, wt, GM-CSF -/-, DO11.10 TG, 8-12 wks old); "To ensure a continuous supply, we implanted osmotic minipump containing IL-6 in mice." (p. 2289).

P9220 Holmes,A.G., Mesa,J.L., Neill,B.A., Chung,J., Carey,A.L., Steinberg,G.R., Kemp,B.E., Southgate,R.J., Lancaster,G.I., Bruce,C.R., Watt,M.J., Febbraio,M.A. Prolonged interleukin-6 administration enhances glucose tolerance and increases skeletal muscle PPAR alpha and UCP2 expression in rats. Journal of Endocrinology 2008; 198(-2-):367-374. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. human; Saline; BSA; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of IP injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 369); peptides; animal info (male, Wistar, 220 g.); endocrinology.

P9018 Boesen,E.I., Sasser,J.M., Saleh,M.A., Potter,W.A., Woods,M., Warner,T.D., Pollock,J.S., Pollock,D.M. Interleukin-1 beta, but not interleukin-6, enhances renal and systemic endothelin production in vivo. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 2008; 295(-2-):F446-F453. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. mouse; NaCl; PBS; SC; Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; animal info (C57BL/6).

P8583 Boesen,E.I., Pollock,D.M. Effect of chronic IL-6 infusion on acute pressor responses to vasoconstrictors in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ.Physiol 2007/9; 293(-3-):H1745-H1749. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. mouse; PBS; BSA; SC; Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma IL-6 concentrations; peptides; cardiovascular; animal info (C57BL/6, male).

P7821 Cao,Z.X., Gao,Y., Bryson,J.B., Hou,J.W., Chaudhry,N., Siddiq,M., Martinez,J., Spencer,T., Carmel,J., Hart,R.B., Filbin,M.T. The cytokine interleukin-6 is sufficient but not necessary to mimic the peripheral conditioning lesion effect on axonal growth. Journal of Neuroscience 2006; 26(-20-):5565-5573. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. rat; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 1002; 2 weeks; 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; dose-response (fig. 7); no stress (see pg. 5571); peptides; animal info (female, Long-Evans, pg. 21-pg. 23; bilateral dorsal column lesion, 8wk old); mp primed at least 4 hours at 37 celsius.

P7785 Jin,X.L., Zimmers,T.A., Perez,E.A., Pierce,R.H., Zhang,Z.X., Koniaris,L.G. Paradoxical effects of short- and long-term interleukin-6 exposure on liver injury and repair. Hepatology 2006; 43(-3-):474-484. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. mouse; Saline, sterile; IP; Mice; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum IL-6 levels; peptides; animal info (male, C57BL6/J).

P7700 Murata,M., Nishimura,N., Zhang,B. Interleukin-6 Protects Skin Legion Caused by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Journal of Vet.Med.Sci. 2003; 65(-4-):511-513. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb. human; PBS; serum, mouse; SC; Mice; 1007D; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum rhIL-6 levels; dose-response (table 1); toxicology; peptides; animal info (female, 20 wks old).

P7226 Haddad,F., Zaldivar,F., Cooper,D.M., Adams,G.R. IL-6-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Journal of Applied Physiology 2005; 98(-3-):911-917. >>> Interleukin-6; Saline; IM (tibialis anterior); Rat; 2002; 3,14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or had contralateral muscle w/ no treatment; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; no stress (see pg. 912,913); good methods p. 912; peptides; mp primed in sterile saline at 37 degrees celsius.

P7192 Janssen,S.P.M., Gayan-Ramirez,G., Van Den Bergh,A., Herijgers,P., Maes,K., Verbeken,E., Decramer,M. Interleukin-6 causes myocardial failure and skeletal muscle atrophy in rats. Circulation 2005; 111(-8-):996-1005. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb.human; PBS; serum, rat; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle plus human albumin; functionality of mp verified by serum rh IL-6 levels; dose-response; cardiovascular; peptides.

P7165 Gieng,S.H., Raila,J., Rosales,F.J. Accumulation of retinol in the liver after prolonged hyporetinolemia in the vitamin A-sufficient rat. Journal of Lipid Research 2005; 46(-4-):641-649. >>> Interleukin-6, recomb.human; SC; Rat; 1003D, 2001; 3, 7 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS, no stress (see pg. 646), peptides.

P6991 Woiciechowsky,C., Schoening,B., Stoltenburg-Didinger,G., Stockhammer,F., Volk,H.D. Brain-IL-1beta triggers astrogliosis through induction of IL-6: Inhibition by propranolol and IL-10. MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR 2004; 10(-9-):BR325-BR330. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a, recomb. rat; interleukin-1 beta, recomb. rat; interleukin-10, recomb. rat; interleukin-6, recomb. rat; Albumin, human serum; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1003D; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig 1); ALZET brain infusion kit used; correct localization of cannula confirmed histologically.

P6814 Wang,Q.C., Horiatis,D., Pinski,J. Interleukin-6 inhibits the growth of prostate cancer xenografts in mice by the process of neuroendocrine differentiation. International Journal of Cancer 2004; 111(-4-):508-513. >>> Interleukin-6; SC; Mice (nude); 3 weeks; Controls received SC saline injections; comparison of SC injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 511); cancer (prostate).

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12. Interleukin-7

P9932 Park,J.H., Adoro,S., Guinter,T., Erman,B., Alag,A.S., Catalfamo,M., Kimura,M.Y., Cui,Y.Z., Lucas,P.J., Gress,R.E., Kubo,M., Hennighausen,L., Feigenbaum,L., Singer,A. Signaling by intrathymic cytokines, not T cell antigen receptors, specifies CD8 lineage choice and promotes the differentiation of cytotoxic-lineage T cells. NATURE IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 11(-3-):257-U10. >>> Interleukin-7, recomb, mouse; SC; Mice; 2 weeks; Animal info (79Z); immunology.

P8210 Lucas,P.J., Kim,S.J., Mackall,C.L., Telford,W.G., Chu,Y.W., Hakim,T., Gress,R.E. Dysregulation of IL-15-mediated T-cell homeostasis in TGF-beta dominant-negative receptor transgenic mice. Blood 2006; 108(-8-):2789-2795. >>> Interleukin-7, recomb. mouse; SC; Mice (transgenic); 7-14 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS; animal info (C57BL/6, 8-10 wk old).

P7263 Min,B., Yamane,H., Hu-Li,J., Paul,W.E. Spontaneous and homeostatic proliferation of CD4 T cells are regulated by different mechanisms. Journal of Immunology 2005; 174(-10-):6039-6044. >>> Interleukin-7, recomb. mouse; Mice; mice (transgenic); 7, 28 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS; immunology; peptides.

P6978 Chu,Y.W., Memon,S.A., Sharrow,S.O., Hakim,F.T., Eckhaus,M., Lucas,P.J., Gress,R.E. Exogenous IL-7 increases recent thymic emigrants in peripheral lymphoid tissue without enhanced thymic function. Blood 2004; 104(-4-):1110-1119. >>> Interleukin-7, recomb. mouse; PBS; sucrose; serum, normal mouse; SC; Mice; 1007D; 1002; 7,14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (thymectomy); immunology.

P4126 Valenzona,H.O., Dhanoa,S., Finkelman,F.D., Osmond,D.G. Exogenous interleukin 7 as a proliferative stimulant of early precursor b cells in mouse bone marrow: efficacy of IL-7 injection, IL-7 infusion and IL-7-anti-IL-7 antibody complexes. Cytokine 1998; 10(-6-):404-412. >>> Interleukin-7; Water; Saline; Albumin, mouse serum; SC; mice; 1007D; no duration posted; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual protein in reservoir; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; no stress (see p. 406); immunology; recomb. murine&human IL-7 used; peptides.

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13. Interleukin-8

P4097 Plata-Salaman,C.R., Sonti,G., Borkoski,J.P., Wilson,C.D., ffrench-Mullen,J.M.H. Anorexia induced by chronic central administration of cytokines at estimated pathophysiological concentrations. Physiol.Behav. 1996; 60(-3-):867-875. >>> Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-1, beta heat inactivated; Interleukin-8; Interleukin-1, beta; Tumor necrosis factor-a; Saline, sterile physiological; BSA; CSF/CNS; rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; guide cannula was used, and a sterile 29 g stainless steel obturator was used to ensure cannula patency during at least a 10 day recovery period after surgery; BSA added as stabilizing agent and carrier protein for cytokines; recomb. human IL-6&8 used.

P3730 Garin,E.H., West,L., Zheng,W. Effect of interleukin-8 on glomerular sulfated compounds and albuminuria. Pediatric Nephrology 1997; 11(--):274-279. >>> Interleukin-8; BSA; IA (renal); rat; 2ML1; 5 days; controls received mp w/BSA; good methods (pg. 275); peptides; used PE-10 catheter stretched to further reduce its diameter.

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14. Interleukin-10

Q0445 Hong,E.G., Ko,H.J., Cho,Y.R., Kim,H.J., Ma,Z.X., Yu,T.Y., Friedline,R.H., Kurt-Jones,E., Finberg,R., Fischer,M.A., Granger,E.L., Norbury,C.C., Hauschka,S.D., Philbrick,W.M., Lee,C.G., Elias,J.A., Kim,J.K. Interleukin-10 Prevents Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance by Attenuating Macrophage and Cytokine Response in Skeletal Muscle. Diabetes 2009; 58(-11-):2525-2535. >>> Interleukin-10; Mice; 3 days; Controls received mp w/saline; animal info (male, C57BL/6, 10 wks old); diabetes.

P8953 Knedla,A., Riepl,B., Lefevre,S., Kistella,S., Grifka,J., Straub,R.H., Gay,S., Schoelmerich,J., Mueller-Ladner,U., Neumann,E. The therapeutic use of osmotic minipumps in the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model for rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2008; 68(-1-):124-129. >>> Interleukin-10; interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; Saline; DMSO; SC; Mice (SCID); 2004; 40 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; good methods (p.125); peptides; animal info (female, SCID, 4-5 wks old); Rheumatoid arthritis; pump and technique schematics p. 125; stability (with an excellent description of methods) was verified for 40 days @ 37C; 50% DMSO used; "... the application of proteins via osmotic pumps is an affective tool to evaluate the effects of cytokines and inhibitors in vitro." p. 128.

P7635 Ameredes,B.T., Zamora,R., Sethi,J.M., Liu,H.L., Kohut,L.K., Gligonic,A.L., Choi,A.M.K., Calhoun,W.J. Alterations in nitric oxide and cytokine production with airway inflammation in the absence of IL-10. Journal of Immunology 2005; 175(-2-):1206-1213. >>> Interleukin-10; Saline; SC; 3 days; Peptides; animal info (male, C57BL/6, 6 weeks old).

P7208 Ameredes,B.T., Sethi,J.M., Liu,H.L., Choi,A.M.K., Calhoun,W.J. Enhanced nitric oxide production associated with airway hyporesponsiveness in the absence of IL-10. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2005; 288(-5-):L868-L873. >>> Interleukin-10, recomb.mouse; Saline; SC; Mice; 72 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (Fig. 4); peptides.

P6136 Goodman,S., Trindade,M., Ma,T., Lee,M., Wang,N., Ikenou,T., Matsuura,I., Miyanishi,K., Fox,N., Regula,D., Genovese,M., Klein,J., Bloch,D., Smith,R.L. Modulation of bone ingrowth and tissue differentiation by local infusi on of interleukin-10 in the presence of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear particles. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A 2003; 65A(-1-):43-50. >>> Interleukin-10; PBS; BSA; Bone; Rabbit; 2004; 3 or 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology; peptides; diagram of pump and bone chamber (p. 44).

P3931 Boehler,A., Chamberlain,D., Xing,Z., Slutsky,A.S., Jordana,M., Gauldie,J., Liu,M., Keshavjee,S. Adenovirus-mediated interleukin-10 gene transfer inhibits post-transplant fibrous airway obliteration in an animal model of bronchiolitis obliterans. Human Gene Therapy 1998; 9(--):541-551. >>> Interleukin-10; Saline; IP; rat; 2002; 14 days; functionality of mp verified by IL-10 plasma levels; immunology; peptides.

P3568 Persson,S., Mikulowska,A., Narula,S., O'Garra,A., Holmdahl,R. Interleukin-10 suppresses the development of collagen type II-induced arthritis and ameliorates sustained arthritis in rats. Scand.J.Immunol. 1996; 44(--):607-614. >>> Interleukin-10; PBS, sterile; SC; rat; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ PBS; comparison of footpad injections vs. mp; immunology; peptides.

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15. Interleukin-11

P5900 Kuenzler,K.A., Pearson,P.Y., Schwartz,M.Z. IL-11 pretreatment reduces cell death after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. Journal of Surgical Research 2002; 108(-2-):268-272. >>> Interleukin-11; Saline; IV (jugular); Rat; 1003D; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; IL-11 was human recomb; ischemia (intestinal).

P5148 Kuenzler,K.A., Pearson,P.Y., Schwartz,M.Z. Interleukin-11 enhances intestinal absorptive function after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2002; 37(--):457-459. >>> Interleukin-11; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 1003D; 3 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; ischemia (bowel).

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16. Interleukin-12

P7935 Chen,J.C., Chen,Y., Wu,J.M., Su,Y.H., Tai,K.F., Tseng,S.H. Effects of irradiated tumor vaccine and infusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-12 on established gliomas in rats. CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY 2006; 55(-7-):873-883. >>> Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, recomb. mouse; interleukin-12, recomb. mouse; BSA; PBS; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or no treatment; cancer (RT-2 glioma); peptides; animal info (Fischer, 200-350 grams, SC and ICV tumors); "continuously infused cytokine using an osmotic mini pump to...avoid the side effects of a single large dose of cytokine and one with a concept similar to that of gene-therapy." (p. 874).

P6460 Sasaki,H., Balto,K., Kawashima,N., Eastcott,J., Hoshino,K., Akira,S., Stashenko,P. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma;) and IFN-gamma;-inducing cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 do not augment infection-stimulated bone resorption in vivo. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 2004; 11(-1-):106-110. >>> Interleukin-12; recomb.; PBS; SC; Mice; 1007D; 21 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle;pumps replaced at day 7&day 14.

P6379 Mendel,I., Natarajan,K., Ben-Nun,A., Shevach,E.M. A novel protective model against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in mice expressing a transgenic TCR-specific for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. Journal of Neuroimmunology 2004; 149(-1-2-):10-21. >>> Interleukin-12; PBS; SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Immunology.

P6352 Akhtar,N., Padilla,M.L., Dickerson,E.B., Steinberg,H., Breen,M., Auerbach,R., Helfand,S.C. Interleukin-12 inhibits tumor growth in a novel angiogenesis canine hemangiosarcoma xenograft model. NEOPLASIA 2004; 6(-2-):106-116. >>> Interleukin-12; PBS; SC; Mice (SCID); 2004; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by pump explantation, examination and tumor reduction; cancer (Hemangiosarcoma); peptides; pump model not listed; tumor cells from a canine.

P4117 Jean,W.C., Spellman,S.R., Wallenfriedman,M.A., Hall,W.A., Low,W.C. Interleukin-12-based immunotherapy against Rat 9L glioma. Neurosurgery 1998; 42(-4-):850-857. >>> Interleukin-12; PBS; Albumin, bovine serum; SC; rat; 2004; 20 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; dose-response (p. 851); "an immunotherapeutic approach using cytokine-infusing minipumps and irradiated tumor cells can circumvent many of the problems associated with most popular methods..." (p. 854); cancer; immunology; peptides; recomb. mouse IL-12 used.

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17. Interleukin-13

P6373 Souweidane,M.M., Occhiogrosso,G., Mark,E.B., Edgar,M.A. Interstitial infusion of IL13-PE38QQR in the rat brain stem. Journal of Neuro-oncology 2004; 67(-3-):287-293. >>> Interleukin-13,PE38QQR; Saline; serum albumin; CSF/CNS (brain stem); Rat; 2001D; 24 hours; Tissue perfusion (brain stem); stability verified (7 days at 37 degrees Celsius); good methods p. 288; cancer; cyanoacrylate adhesive; pump incorrectly labeled as a 2001; IL13-PE38QQR is a tumor specific, chimeric cytotoxin; 30 g Plastics One Cannula used; vinyl catheter tubing from DURECT used.

P5439 Kawakami,K., Husain,S.R., Kawakami,M., Puri,R.K. Improved anti-tumor activity and safety of interleukin-13 receptor targeted cytotoxin by systemic continuous administration in head and neck cancer xenograft model. MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2002; 8(-8-):487-494. >>> Interleukin-13 endotoxin; PBS; IP; Mice (nude); 7 days; Comparison of IV injections vs mp; cancer (head and neck); IL-13 endotoxin, also called IL13-PE38QQR, is composed of IL-13 and a mutated form of a Pseudomonas endotoxin; compared to IV injections, continuous infusion decreased the toxicity and increased the efficacy of IL-13 cytotoxin.

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18. Interleukin-15

P9700 Do,J.S., Min,B. IL-15 produced and trans-presented by DCs underlies homeostatic competition between CD8 and gamma-delta T cells in vivo. Blood 2009; 113(-25-):6361-6371. >>> Interleukin-15, murine; Mice; 14 days; Animal info (Thy 1.1 C57BL/6).

P8943 Pistilli,E.E., Alway,S.E. Systemic elevation of interleukin-15 in vivo promotes apoptosis in skeletal muscles of young adult and aged rats. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2008; 373(-1-):20-24. >>> Interleukin-15, recomb. human; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Peptides; animal info (Fischer Brown Norway).

P6963 Harcourt,L.J., Holmes,A.G., Gregorevic,P., Schertzer,J.D., Stupka,N., Plant,D.R., Lynch,G.S. Interleukin-15 administration improves diaphragm muscle pathology and function in dystrophic mdx mice. American Journal of Pathology 2005; 166(-4-):1131-1141. >>> Interleukin-15; Saline; SC; Mice; 1002; 4 weeks; Pump modified to a 4 week infusion by partially dipping the pump in paraffin wax to reduce infusion rate to ~0.125 ul/hr.

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19. Interleukin-31

P7009 Dillon,S.R., Sprecher,C., Hammond,A., Bilsborough,J., Rosenfeld-Franklin,M., Presnell,S.R., Haugen,H.S., Maurer,M., Harder,B., Johnston,J., Bort,S., Mudri,S., Kuijper,J.L., Bukowski,T., Shea,P., Dong,D.L., Dasovich,M., Grant,F.J., Lockwood,L., Levin,S.D., LeCiel,C., Waggie,K., Day,H., Topouzis,S., Kramer,J., Kuestner,R., Chen,Z., Foster,D., Parrish-Novak,J., Gross,J.A. Interleukin 31, a cytokine produced by activated T cells, induces dermatitis in mice. NATURE IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 5(-7-):752-760. >>> Interleukin-31, mouse; PBS; BSA; SC; Mice; 7-14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology.

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20. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

P9324 Averill,S., Inglis,J.J., King,V.R., Thompson,S.W.N., Cafferty,W.B.J., Shortland,P.J., Hunt,S.P., Kidd,B.L., Priestley,J.V. Reg-2 expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons after adjuvant-induced monoarthritis. Neuroscience 2008; 155(-4-):1227-1236. >>> Nerve growth factor, recomb. human; glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; leukemia inhibitory factor, recomb. human; Saline; albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides, animal info (male, Wistar, 220-400 g.).

P8689 White,C.A., Zhang,J.G., Salamonsen,L.A., Baca,M., Fairlie,W.D., Metcalf,D., Nicola,N.A., Robb,L., Dimitriadis,E. Blocking LIF action in the uterus by using a PEGylated antagonist prevents implantation: A nonhormonal contraceptive strategy. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2007; 104(-49-):19357-19362. >>> Leukemia inhibitory factor, antagonist; PBS; IP; Mice; ; Functionality of mp verified by plasma levels taken; comparison of SC/IP injections vs. mp; animal info (8-10 wk old, female, C57BL/6J).

P8153 Bauer,S., Patterson,P.H. Leukemia inhibitory factor promotes neural stem cell self-renewal in the adult brain. Journal of Neuroscience 2006; 26(-46-):12089-12099. >>> Ara-C; leukemia inhibitory factor, recomb. mouse; epidermal growth factor, recomb. human; Saline; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS; Mice; 1003D; 1007D; 1, 3, 6, 7, days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit 2 or 3 used; peptides; animal info (adult, male, C57BL/6J, 2-6 months old).

P6100 Feeney,S.J., Austin,L., Bennett,T.M., Kurek,J.B., Jean-Francois,M.J.B., Muldoon,C., Byrne,E. The effect of leukaemia inhibitory factor on SOD1 G93A murine amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cytokine 2003; 23(-4-5-):108-118. >>> Leukemia inhibitory factor; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Mice (transgenic); 2004; 13 weeks; Comparison of SC injections vs. IT mp; long-term study; pumps replaced every 4 weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit 1 used (per Dr. Feeney); used the BIK for the IT infusion; glued and sutured the cannula in place; "All mice that entered the study recovered from the surgical procedure and appeared to have no adverse effects." (p. 111); neurodegenerative (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis).

P5692 Rolfe,B.E., Stamatiou,S., World,C.J., Brown,L., Thomas,A.C., Bingley,J.A., Worth,N.F., Campbell,J.H. Leukaemia inhibitory factor retards the progression of atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular Research 2003; 58(-1-):222-230. >>> Leukemia inhibitory factor; Saline; IP; Rabbit; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; atherosclerosis.

P5632 Wahle,P., Di Cristo,G., Schwerdtfeger,G., Engelhardt,M., Berardi,N., Maffei,L. Differential effects of cortical neurotrophic factors on development of lateral geniculate nucleus and superior colliculus neurons: anterograde and retrograde actions. Development 2003; 130(-3-):611-622. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-4/5; brainderived neurotrophic factor; leukemia inhibitory factor; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ cytochrome C; peptides..

P4937 Cafferty,W.B.J., Gardiner,N.J., Gavazzi,I., Powell,J., McMahon,S.B., Heath,J.K., Munson,J., Cohen,J., Thompson,S.W.N. Leukemia inhibitory factor determines the growth status of injured adult sensory neurons. Journal of Neuroscience 2001; 21(-18-):7161-7170. >>> Leukemia inhibitory factor; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, Dorsal Root Ganglia); rat; 2002; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; brain tissue distribution; recombinant human LIF used; some animals had undergone nerve injury axotomy on either the tibial or sciatic nerves, other remained uninjured.

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21. Tumor Necrosis Factor

Q0768 Bobadilla,R.A., van Bree,R., Vercruysse,L., Pijnenborga,R., Verhaeghe,J. Placental Effects of Systemic Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha in an Animal Model of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. PLACENTA 2010; 31(-12-):1057-1063. >>> Tumor necrosis factor, recomb. mouse; SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (db/+, gd11.5).

P9916 Takaoka,M., Suzuki,H., Shioda,S., Sekikawa,K., Saito,Y., Nagai,R., Sata,M. Endovascular Injury Induces Rapid Phenotypic Changes in Perivascular Adipose Tissue. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 30(-8-):1576-1582. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, recomb; Periadventitial; Mice; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ PBS.

Q0192 Wahl,E.C., Aronson,J., Liu,L.C., Fowlkes,J.L., Thrailkill,K.M., Bunn,R.C., Skinner,R.A., Miller,M.J., Cockrell,G.E., Clark,L.M., Ou,Y., Isales,C.M., Badger,T.M., Ronis,M.J., Sims,J., Lumpkin,CK Jr. Restoration of Regenerative Osteoblastogenesis in Aged Mice: Modulation of TNF. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 2010; 25(-1-):114-123. >>> Tumor necrosis factor, recomb. mouse; PBS; SC; Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, C57BL/6 wt, p21 KO, 3 months old, distraction osteogenesis); functionality of mp verified by TNF serum levels.

P9407 Giachini,F.R.C., Zemse,S.M., Carneiro,F.S., Lima,V.V., Carneiro,Z.N., Callera,G.E., Ergul,A., Webb,R.C., Tostes,R.C. Interleukin-10 attenuates vascular responses to endothelin-1 via effects on ERK1/2-dependent pathway. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2009; 296(-2-):H489-H496. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Saline; SC; Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum TNFa levels; cardiovascular; animal info (male, C57BL/6, wt, IL-1D -/-, 10 wks old).

P9512 Hinojosa,E., Boyd,A.R., Orihuela,C.J. Age-Associated Inflammation and Toll-Like Receptor Dysfunction Prime the Lungs for Pneumococcal Pneumonia. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2009; 200(-5-):546-554. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; PBS; albumin, mouse serum; SC; Mice; 1007D; 5, 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (young Balb/cby, adult); immunology.

Q0520 Tian,Q., Miyazaki,R., Ichiki,T., Imayama,I., Inanaga,K., Ohtsubo,H., Yano,K., Takeda,K., Sunagawa,K. Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha-Induced Interleukin-6 Expression by Telmisartan Through Cross-Talk of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-gamma With Nuclear Factor kappa B and CCAAT/Enhancer- Binding Protein-beta. Hypertension 2009; 53(-5-):798-804. >>> Angiotensin II; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; DMEM; water, sterile; SC; Mice; 1 week; Animal info (9 wks old, C57/BL6); peptides.

P9760 Keithley,E.M., Wang,X.B., Barkdull,G.C. Tumor necrosis factor alpha can induce recruitment of inflammatory cells to the cochlea. OTOLOGY&NEUROTOLOGY 2008; 29(-6-):854-859. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2001; 2-4 days; Controls received mp w/vehicle; animal info (Hartley albino); tissue perfusion.

P9211 LaMarca,B., Wallukat,G., Llinas,M., Herse,F., Dechend,R., Granger,J.P. Autoantibodies to the Angiotensin Type I Receptor in Response to Placental Ischemia and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Pregnant Rats. Hypertension 2008; 52(-6-):1168-1172. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Rat (pregnant); 2002; 5 days; Functionality of mp verified by serum TNFa levels; cardiovascular; peptides; ischemia (placental); animal info (female, Sprague Dawley, gd 14-19).

P9437 Riazi,K., Galic,M.A., Kuzmiski,J.B., Ho,W., Sharkey,K.A., Pittman,Q.J. Microglial activation and TNF alpha production mediate altered CNS excitability following peripheral inflammation. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2008; 105(-44-):17151-17156. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Saline; albumin, rat; chlorbutanol; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1007D; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 175-200 g.).

P9164 Sud,R., Spengler,R.N., Nader,N.D., Ignatowski,T.A. Antinociception occurs with a reversal in alpha2-adrenoceptor regulation of TNF production by peripheral monocytes/macrophages from pro- to anti-inflammatory. European Journal of Pharmacology 2008; 588(-2-3-):217-231. >>> Tumor necrosis factor, recomb. rat; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 200-300 g.); gentamycin was added to the aCSF to prevent bacterial growth; rat albumin was added to stabilize the infused compound.

P9937 Cavadini,G., Petrzilka,S., Kohler,P., Jud,C., Tobler,I., Birchler,T., Fontana,A. TNF-alpha suppresses the expression of clock genes by interfering with E-box-mediated transcription. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2007; 104(-31-):12843-12848. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; BSA; PBS; SC; Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (7 wks old, C57BL/6).

P8521 LaMarca,B.D., Chandler,D.L., Grubbs,L., Bain,J., McLernore,GR Jr, Granger,J.P., Ryan,M.J. Role of sex steroids in modulating tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced changes in vascular function and blood pressure. American Journal of Hypertension 2007; 20(-11-):1216-1221. >>> Tumor necrosis factor; Saline; heparin; IV; Rat; 2001; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (ovariectomy); cardiovascular; animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, 15 weeks old).

P8246 Sud,R., Ignatowski,T.A., Lo,C.P.K., Spengler,R.N. Uncovering molecular elements of brain-body communication during development and treatment of neuropathic pain. BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY 2007; 21(-1-):112-124. >>> Tumor necrosis Factor-a, recomb. rat: tumor necrosis factor-a, recomb. rat, heat-inactivated; amitriptyline; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 8 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or heat-inactivated rr-TNFa; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; peptides; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 300-350g); chronic constriction injury to the right sciatic nerve.

P7787 Aoki,K., Saito,H., Itzstein,C., Ishiguro,M., Shibata,T., Blanque,R., Mian,A.H., Takahashi,M., Suzuki,Y., Yoshimatsu,M., Yamaguchi,A., Deprez,P., Mollat,P., Murali,R., Ohya,K., Horne,W.C., Baron,R. A TNF receptor loop peptide mimic blocks RANK ligand-induced signaling, bone resorption, and bone loss. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2006; 116(-6-):1525-1534. >>> Tumor necrosis factor receptor peptide WP9QY; peptides, synthetic; PBS; DMSO; SC; Mice; 2002; 4 weeks; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or control peptide; dose-response (pg. 1530); pumps replaced after 2 weeks; no stress ( see pg. 1529); peptides; animal info (female, C57BL/6J, 12 wk old); 10% DMSO; inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption.

P8942 Lambin,S., van Bree,R., Vergote,I., Verhaeghe,J. Chronic tumor necrosis factor-alpha infusion in gravid C57BL6/J mice accelerates adipose tissue development in female offspring. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR GYNECOLOGIC INVESTIGATION 2006; 13(-8-):558-565. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, recomb. mouse; SC; Mice (pregnant); 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; dose-response (fig. 1); no stress (see pg. 560); teratology; peptides; animal info (female, C57BL/6, gd 11.5-18.5); endocrinology.

P8369 Peterson,J.M., Feeback,K.D., Baas,J.H., Pizza,F.X. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha promotes the accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology 2006; 101(-5-):1394-1399. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a, recomb. mouse; Saline, physiological; albumin, mouse serum; SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; no stress (see pg. 1396); peptides; animal info (male, C57BL/6J, 27-30g.).

P9000 Steinberg,G.R., Michell,B.J., van Denderen,B.J.W., Watt,M.J., Carey,A.L., Fam,B.C., Andrikopoulos,S., Proietto,J., Goerguen,C.Z., Carling,D., Hotamisligil,G.S., Febbraio,M.A., Kay,T.W., Kemp,B.E. Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance involves suppression of AMP-kinase signaling. Cell Metabolism 2006; 4(-6-):465-474. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Saline; Mice; 1003D; 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 468); animal info (C57BL/6, wt, TNFR1 -/-).

P7788 Suzuki,Y., Aoki,K., Saito,H., Umeda,M., Nitta,H., Baron,R., Ohya,K. A tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonist inhibits inflammatory bone resorption induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis infection in mice. Journal of Periodontal Research 2006; 41(-2-):81-91. >>> Tumor necrosis factor receptor peptide WP9QY; PBS; DMSO; SC; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 4); no stress (see pg. 85, 89-90); peptides; animal info (Balb/c, male, 4 wk. old); 10% DMSO; "the WP9QY peptide degrades very fast, which is the reason why we use osmotic mini pump in this study" (pg. 9).

P7251 LaMarca,B.B.D., Cockrell,K., Sullivan,E., Bennett,W., Granger,J.P. Role of endothelin in mediating tumor necrosis factor-induced hypertension in pregnant rats. Hypertension 2005; 46(-1-):82-86. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Saline; Rat (pregnant); 2002; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum TNF-a levels; cardiovascular.

P8058 Wahl,E.C., Perrien,D.S., Aronson,J., Liu,Z.D., Fletcher,T.W., Skinner,R.A., Feige,U., Suva,L.J., Badger,T.M., Lumpkin,CK Jr. Ethanol-induced inhibition of bone formation in a rat model of distraction osteogenesis: A role for the tumor necrosis factor signaling axis. ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2005; 29(-8-):1466-1472. >>> Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; tumor necrosis factor-a, recomb. rat; interleukin-1, recomb. rat; PBS; BSA; SC; bone (tibia); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig 3); no stress (see p. 1467, 1468, 1469); peptides; tissue perfusion (tibia); post op. care (buprenex); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley).

P6776 Reynolds,J.L., Ignatowski,T.A., Sud,R., Spengler,R.N. Brain-derived tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its involvement in noradrenergic neuron functioning involved in the mechanism of action of an antidepressant. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2004; 310(-3-):1216-1225. >>> Tumor necrosis factor, recomb. rat; tumor necrosis factor, recomb. rat inactivated; serum, rabbit; antibody, polyclonal rabbit anti-mouse TNF; CSF, artificial; albumin, rat; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or heat-inactivated rr TNF; no stress (see pg. 1217-18); ALZET Brain Infusion Kit used.

P6437 Wenk,G.L., gann-Gramling,K., Hauss-Wegrzyniak,B. The presence of the APPswe mutation in mice does not increase the vulnerability of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons to neuroinflammation. Neuroscience 2004; 125(-3-):769-776. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; memantine; CSF, artificial; saline; CSF/CNS (basal forebrain); Mice (transgenic); 1002; 20 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (basal forebrain); multiple pumps per animal (2); Plastics One cannula used with tygon tubing; secured with dental cement; second pump contained memantine/saline and was implanted on the other side of the spine.

P6653 Gaspersic,R., Stiblar-Martincic,D., Osredkar,J., Skaleric,U. In vivo administration of recombinant TNF-alpha promotes bone resorption in mice. Journal of Periodontal Research 2003; 38(-4-):446-448. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, recomb. mouse; PBS, pyrogen-free; PBS, sterile; SC; bone (parietal); Mice; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle.

P5737 Gaspersic,R., Stiblar-Martincic,D., Osredkar,J., Skaleric,U. Influence of subcutaneous administration of recombinant TNF-alpha on ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. Journal of Periodontal Research 2003; 38(-2-):198-203. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; PBS; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress "the pumps were tolerated well by the animals" (see pg. 199).

P5906 Nadeau,S., Rivest,S. Glucocorticoids play a fundamental role in protecting the brain during innate immune response. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-13-):5536-5544. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; L-NAME; endotoxin, LPS; Saline; BSA; ascorbic acid; PIPES; DMSO; CSF/CNS (cortex, dorsal basal ganglia); Rat; 2004; 3,7,14,21 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cerebral tissue&dorsal ganglia); enzyme inhibitor (nitric oxide); brain tissue distribution; guid cannula used; TNF-a was dissolved in saline + 0.1% BSA + 0.01% ascorbic acid; L-NAME was dissolved in PIPES&10% DMSO&infused into the dorsal basal ganglia.

P5774 Torrente,Y., El Fahime,E., Caron,N.J., Del Bo,R., Belicchi,M., Pisati,F., Tremblay,J.P., Bresolin,N. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulates chemotactic response in mouse myogenic cells. CELL TRANSPLANTATION 2003; 12(-1-):91-100. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Saline; IM; Mice; 2002; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (tibialis anterior muscle); dose-response (p.95 fig M); perforated PE tubing used.

P6080 Wenk,G.L., McGann,K., Hauss-Wegrzyniak,B., Rosi,S. The toxicity of tumor necrosis factor-alpha; upon cholinergic neurons within the nucleus basalis and the role of norepinephrine in the regulation of inflammation: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience 2003; 121(-3-):719-729. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (basal forebrain); Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (basal forebrain); Plastics One cannula used; "A volume overload to the brain tissue is minimal using this procedure because the 0.25 ul/hr administered contributes only about 0.2% of the total CSF volume produced by the mouse each hour..." p. 720; post op. care (1.0 ml of sterile saline (S.C) injected to prevent dehydration); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease).

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“Continuous release of albuterol subcutaneously with a miniosmotic pump resulted in a sustained high plasma albuterol concentration throughout the entire experimental period.” Sartori et al., J Appl Physiol 2002;93:1875-1880.

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References on the Administration of Cytokines Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

1. Colony-stimulating Factor, G

2. Colony-stimulating Factor, GM

3. Colony-stimulating Factor, M

4. Erythropoietin

5. Interferons

6. Interleukin-1

7. Interleukin-2

8. Interleukin-3

9. Interleukin-4

10. Interleukin-5

11. Interleukin-6

12. Interleukin-7

13. Interleukin-8

14. Interleukin-10

15. Interleukin-11

16. Interleukin-12

17. Interleukin-13

18. Interleukin-15

19. Interleukin-31

20. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

21. Tumor Necrosis Factor

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Researchers are saying ...

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ALZET® Osmotic Pumps - Research Applications.

References on the Administration of Cytokines Using ALZET® Osmotic Pumps

1. Colony-stimulating Factor, G

2. Colony-stimulating Factor, GM

3. Colony-stimulating Factor, M

4. Erythropoietin

5. Interferons

6. Interleukin-1

7. Interleukin-2

8. Interleukin-3

9. Interleukin-4

10. Interleukin-5

11. Interleukin-6

12. Interleukin-7

13. Interleukin-8

14. Interleukin-10

15. Interleukin-11

16. Interleukin-12

17. Interleukin-13

18. Interleukin-15

19. Interleukin-31

20. Leukemia Inhibitory Factor

21. Tumor Necrosis Factor

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Researchers are saying ...

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References on the Administration of Cytokines Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps