References on the Administration of Agents to the Ear Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

R0239 Richardson,R.T., Noushi,F., O'Leary,S. Inner ear therapy for neural preservation. AUDIOLOGY AND NEURO-OTOLOGY 2006; 11(-6-):343-356. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; adenovirus; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; perilymph, artificial; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; fibroblast growth factor, acidic; fibroblast growth factor-1; fibroblast growth factor-2; fibroblast growth factor, basic; Ear (cochlea); ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 1,2,4,8 weeks; 15-60, 11-12, 26 days; Comparison of polymers, hydrogels, gene therapy, cell-based therapy, and injections vs. mp; long-term study; pumps replaced; no stress (see pg. 350); half-life (p. 344), short in blood; gene therapy; peptides; animal info (deafened); Table 2; "The mini-osmotic pump device is ideally suited to studying the effects of neurotrophic factors in the cochlea experimentally." (p. 350).

R0213 Duan,M.L., Ulfendahl,M., Laurell,G., Counter,A.S, Pyykko,I., Borg,E., Rosenhall,U. Protection and treatment of sensorineural hearing disorders caused by exogenous factors: experimental findings and potential clinical application. Hearing Research 2002; 169(--):169-178. >>> Liposomes, cationic; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; ; Gene therapy; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

R0183 Lalwani,A.K., Jero,J., Mhatre,A.N. Developments in cochlear gene therapy. GENETIC HEARING IMPAIRMENT: ITS CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS 2002; 61(-;-):28-33. >>> ; Ear; ; Gene therapy; review of gene vectors and routes of delivery for cochlear gene therapy; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

R0164 Lalwani,A.K., Jero,J., Mhatre,A.N. Current issues in cochlear gene transfer. Audiol.Neurootol. 2002/5; 7(-3-):146-151. >>> Gene vectors; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 1007D; ; Gene therapy; review of various cochlear gene delivery methods; diagram of the various delivery methods (p. 147); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

R0146 Wanamaker,H.H. Perfusion of the inner ear; basic science considerations. Curent Opinion in Otolarynology&Head and Neck Surgery 2001; 9(--):329-332. >>> ; ear; ; IntraEar catheter used; review article describing ear delivery, dose response; ALZET and IntraEAR catheter mentioned p. 330; tissue perfusion.

P9051 Song,B.N., Li,Y.X., Han,D.M. Effects of delayed brain-derived neurotrophic factor application on cochlear pathology and auditory physiology in rats. Chinese Medical Journal 2008; 121(-13-):1189-1196. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; Albumin, rat; Ringer's solution; Ear (cochlea); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, albino, Sprague Dawley, 10-12 wks old, 220-250 g.); functionality of mp verified by residual volume; good methods pg. 1191; pumps were primed in sterile saline at 37 degree Celsius for 48 hours; 1-cm lenth of polyamide tubing was used; PVC tubing connected to pump was secured w/silicon adhesive.

P8738 Roehm,P., Hoffer,M., Balaban,C.D. Gentamicin uptake in the chinchilla inner ear. Hearing Research 2007; 230(-1-2-):43-52. >>> Gentamicin; Ear (round window); Chinchilla; 2002; 1, 3, 6, 14 days; 4, 8 hours; Comparison of transtympanic injections vs. mp; animal info (male, female, chinchilla langier).

P8724 Hori,R., Nakagawa,T., Sakamoto,T., Matsuoka,Y., Takebayashi,S., Ito,J. Pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling in the mature guinea pig cochlea. NeuroReport 2007; 18(-18-):1911-1914. >>> MDL 28170; DMSO; PBS; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 1002; 14 days; Tissue perfusion (cochlea); enzyme inhibitor (gamma secretase); peptides; animal info (Hartley strain, 350-400g); MDL 28170 is a gamma-secretase inhibitor; 0.3% DMSO used; "a silicon tube (180 micron OD) connected to a micro-osmotic minipump...".

P8661 Miller,J.M., Le Prell,C.G., Prieskorn,D.M., Wys,N.L., Altschuler,R.A. Delayed neurotrophin treatment following deafness rescues spiral ganglion cells from death and promotes regrowth of auditory nerve peripheral processes: Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and fibroblast growth factor. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2007; 85(-9-):1959-1969. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; fibroblast growth factor-1; Perilymph, artificial; albumin, guinea pig serum; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 26 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced at day 13; peptides; animal info (male, female, pigmented, 250-300g, deafened).

P8429 Frederiksen,B.L., Caye-Thomasen,P., Lund,S.P., Wagner,N., Asal,K., Olsen,N.V., Thomsen,J. Does erythropoietin augment noise induced hearing loss?. Hearing Research 2007; 223(-1-2-):129-137. >>> Erythropoietin; Ear (round window); Guinea-Pig; 1007D; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ saline; replacement therapy (noise-induced hearing impairment); comparison of acute admin. vs. mp; peptides; animal info (male, Dunkin-Hartley); mp primed 6 hours in 37 Celsius saline; correct catheter placement confirmed; tissue perfusion (round window).

P8402 Maruyama,J., Yamagata,T., Ulfendahl,M., Bredberg,G., Altschuler,R.A., Miller,J.M. Effects of antioxidants on auditory nerve function and survival in deafened guinea pigs. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2007; 25(-2-):309-318. >>> Trolox; neomycin; ascorbic acid; Perilymph, artificial; sodium bicarbonate; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-Pig; 2002; 26 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 14 days; post op. care (doxycycline); animal info (male, pigmented, 250-400g., neomycin deafening); cannula primed with 10% neomycin solution followed by a small air bubble spacer to allow neomycin infusion for first 2 days; trolox, a vitamin F analogue, and ascorbic acid delivered together in 1 mp; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P8388 Sendowski,I., Abaamrane,L., Raffin,F., Cros,A., Clarencon,D. Therapeutic efficacy of intra-cochlear administration of methylprednisolone after acoustic trauma caused by gunshot noise in guinea pigs. Hearing Research 2006; 221(-1-2-):119-127. >>> Methylprednisolone; perilymph, artificial; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2001; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or non-implanted ear; dose-response (fig. 1); pumps replaced after 7 days of artifical perilymph; animal info (pigmented, 400-500g., acoustic trauma, gunshot); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P8368 Wang,J., Ruel,J., Ladrech,S., Bonny,C., Van de Water,T.R., Puel,J.L. Inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase-mediated mitochondrial cell death pathway restores auditory function in sound-exposed animals. MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY 2007; 71(-3-):654-666. >>> Jun, c-, N-Terminal kinase Inhibitor-1, D-; peptide, D-TAT; Jun, c-, N-Terminal kinase Inhibitor-1-mutant; Perilymph, artificial; PBS; Ear (round window membrane); Guinea-Pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or inactive JNKI-1-mutant or TAT-empt peptide or contralateral untreated ear; dose-response (fig 6); comparison of acute infusion vs. hyaluronic acid gel vs.; enzyme inhibitor (c-Jun N-terminal kinase); peptides; animal info (pigmented, 250-300g.; sound trauma); D-JNKI-1 peptide contains a 10-amino acid HIV-TAT transporter sequece to facilitate its entry into cells; tissue perfusion (round window membrane).

P8176 Radeloff,A., Smolders,J.W.T. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor treatment does not improve functional recovery after hair cell regeneration in the pigeon. Acta Oto-laryngologica 2006; 126(-5-):452-459. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; albumin, chicken; Hank's solution; Ear (scala tympani); Bird (pigeon); 2002; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or no treatment to contralateral ear; long-term study; pumps replaced every 14 days; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; animal info (Columba livia, 6 months old, 320-580 grams); deafening of both ears; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P8080 Nagano,H., Wei,P.Z., Wen,C.Q., Jomori,T., Oku,H., Ikeda,T., Saito,Y., Tano,Y. Effects of kallidinogenase on ischemic changes induced by repeated intravitreal injections of endothelin-1 in rabbit retina. Current Eye Research 2007; 32(-2-):113-122. >>> Kallidinogenase; Saline; IV (marginal ear vein); Rabbit; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ischemia (retinal); animal info (male, New Zealand, 2.5-3.5 kg.).

P8068 Cafaro,J., Lee,G.S., Stone,J.S. Atoh1 expression defines activated progenitors and differentiating hair cells during avian hair cell regeneration. Developmental Dynamics 2007; 236(-1-):156-170. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; PBS; Ear (perilymphatic fluid); Bird (chicken); 2002; 8 days; No stress (see p.167); Alzet brain infusion kit used; animal info (White Legorn, 5-10 days old).

P8059 Hara,H., Takeno,K., Shimogori,H., Yamashita,H. CGRP expression in the vestibular periphery after transient blockage of bilateral vestibular input. ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2005; 67(-5-):259-265. >>> Tetrodotoxin; Ear (cochlea perilymphatic space); Guinea-pig; 2002; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ sterile saline; post op. care (piperacillin sodium); animal info (male, Hartley, 600g.); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P7963 Rubel,E.W., Dew,L.A  Science 1995; 267(-5198-):701-707. >>> Thymidine; 3H tracer; radio-isotopes; Ear (semicircular canal); Guinea-pig; 2002; 2,4,6 weeks; Functionality of mp verified by scintillation counts of perilymph of the ear; long-term study; pumps replaced every two weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit used; animal info (albino, 300-400 g); Vetbond adhesive used to close skin; tissue perfusion (semicircular canal).

P7898 Eshraghi,A.A., He,J., Mou,C.H., Polak,M., Zine,A., Bonny,C., Balkany,T.J., Van de Water,T.R. D-JNKI-1 treatment prevents the progression of hearing loss in a model of cochlear implantation trauma. OTOLOGY&NEUROTOLOGY 2006; 27(-4-):504-511. >>> Peptide, D-JNK inhibitor 1; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg.507); enzyme inhibitor (c-Jun N-terminal kinases); peptides; mp primed overnight in 37 celsius ringer solution; "the specificity of this molecule is high and therefore should limit the occurence of any unwanted side effects." (pg.510).

P7765 Richardson,R.T., O'Leary,S., Wise,A., Hardman,J., Clark,G. A single dose of neurotrophin-3 to the cochlea surrounds spiral ganglion neurons and provides trophic support. Hearing Research 2005; 204(-1-2-):37-47. >>> NT-3, recomb. human; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ringer's solution; Ear (scalatympani); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Comparison of bolus infusion vs. mp; peptides; animal info (adult, pigmented Dunkin-Hartley, 455g.); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7529 Tanaka,K., Takemoto,T., Sugahara,K., Okuda,T., Mikuriya,T., Takeno,K., Hashimoto,M., Shimogori,H., Yamashita,H. Post-exposure administration of edaravone attenuates noise-induced hearing loss. European Journal of Pharmacology 2005; 522(-1-3-):116-121. >>> Edaravone; saline; Water; NaOH; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 12 hours; Controls received no treatment to left ear; pumps replaced, mp w/ saline used then replaced with mp with agent; stability verified for 24 hours; post op. care (antibiotic ointment); animal info (male, Hartley, 300-450 g); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P7331 Wise,A.K., Richardson,R., Hardman,J., Clark,G., O'Leary,S. Resprouting and survival of guinea pig cochlear neurons in response to the administration of the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2005; 487(-2-):147-165. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; NT-3; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ Ringer's solution; cannula patency ascertained by visual inspection; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7306 Shepherd,R.K., Coco,A., Epp,S.B., Crook,J.M. Chronic depolarization enhances the trophic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rescuing auditory neurons following a sensorineural hearing loss. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2005; 486(-2-):145-158. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; perilymph, artificial; Ringer's solution; albumin, recomb. guinea-pig; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ artificial perilymph or untreated contralateral cochlea; functionality of mp verified by residual fluid, cannula connection and patency; no stress (see pg. 155); good methods; peptides; post op. care (carprofen, Baytril); mp primed 36-48 hours in 37 degrees celsius Ringer's solution; Electrode array also inserted into scala tympani; "We observed no evidence of mechanical trauma to cochlea following long-term implantation and AP or BDNF delivery." (p. 155); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7209 Wimmer,C., Mees,K., Stumpf,T., Welsch,U., Reichel,O., Suckfuell,M. Round window application of D-methionine, sodium thiosulfate, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and fibroblast growth factor-2 in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. OTOLOGY&NEUROTOLOGY 2004; 25(-1-):33-40. >>> Methionine, D-; filoblast growth factor 2; thiosulfate, sodium petahydrate; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Water; PBS; Ear (round window membrane); Guinea-Pig; 2001; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; mp primed > 12 hours in saline; tissue perfusion (round window membrane).

P7117 Luebke,A.E., Foster,P.K., Muller,C.D., Peel,A.L. Cochlear function and transgene expression in the guinea pig cochlea, using adenovirus and adeno-associated virus-directed gene transfer. Human Gene Therapy 2001; 12(--):773-781. >>> Adenovirus vector; virus, adeno-associated; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, and no treatment to contralateral ear; no stress (see pg. 778); good methods; gene therapy; cyanoacrylate adhesive; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7105 Roberson,D.W., Alosi,J.A., Cotanche,D.A. Direct transdifferentiation gives rise to the earliest new hair cells in regenerating avian auditory epithelium. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2004; 78(-4-):461-471. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; Ear (cochlea); Bird (chicken); 2002; 3-11 days; Controls received untreated contralateral ear; functionality of mp verified by (epithelial immunohistochemistry); stability verified by epithelial immunohistochemistry; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P7104 Minami,S.B., Yamashita,D., Schacht,J., Miller,J.M. Calcineurin activation contributes to noise-induced hearing loss. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2004; 78(-3-):383-392. >>> FK-506; cyclosporin A; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or contralateral untreated cochlea; dose-response (fig. 3); stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 385) 4 of 43 animals developed middle ear infections; 4 of 43 animals had post surgical hearing loss; calcineurin inhibitors; "Systematic application may therefore have unwanted side effects that may be avoided by intracochlear perfusion by osmotic pump. The use of an osmotic pumps also allows relatively precise control over the timing and concertration of drugs applied to the tissues of the inner ear." (pg. 389); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P7101 Le Prell,C.G., Yagi,M., Kawamoto,K., Beyer,L.A., Atkin,G., Raphael,Y., Dolan,D.F., Bledsoe,SC Jr, Moody,D.B. Chronic excitotoxicity in the guinea pig cochlea induces temporary functional deficits without disrupting otoacoustic emissions. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2004; 116(-2-):1044-1056. >>> AMPA; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 2004; 14-56 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 2); long-term study; pumps replaced at 14 or 28 day intervals; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 1045) middle ear infections; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7069 Jing,W., Ladrech,S., Pujol,R., Brabet,P., Van de Water,T.R., Puel,J.L. Caspase inhibitors, but not c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase inhibitor treatment, prevent cisplatin-induced hearing loss. Cancer Research 2004; 64(-24-):9217-9224. >>> z-DEVD-fmk; z-IETD-fmk; z-LEHD-fmk; z-FA-fmk; JNKI-1, D-; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (caspases (-3,-8,-9), cathepsinB, JNK); peptides; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6930 Gillespie,L.N., Clark,G.M., Marzella,P.L. Delayed neurotrophin treatment supports auditory neuron survival in deaf guinea pigs. NeuroReport 2004; 15(-7-):1121-1125. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; nerve growth factor; NT-3; NT-4/5; Ear (scala tympani, cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Tissue perfusion.

P6918 Li,M., Ding,D.L., Zheng,X.Y., Salvi,R. Vestibular destruction by slow infusion of gentamicin into semicircular canals. Acta Oto-laryngologica 2004; 124(--):35-41. >>> Gentamicin; Hank's solution; Ear (semicircular canals); Chinchilla; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; Meniere's disease; microcatheter used; 27 gauge tubing used for cannulation; tissue perfusion (semicircular canals).

P6793 Stocks,R.M.S., Gould,H.J., Bush,A.J., Dudney,BW Jr, Pousson,M., Thompson,J.W. Ototoxic protection of sodium thiosulfate: Daily vs constant infusion. OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2004; 131(-1-):115-119. >>> Thiosulfate, sodium; Ear (middle ear space); Guinea-pig; 2002; 18 days; Controls received no treatment to right ear; comparison of daily middle ear space injections vs. mp; pumps replaced after 7 days; multiple pumps per animal (2); "Continuous infusion of STS is the preferred method of administration." (p. 118) "STS continuously infused into the middle ear system provides a greater protective function than daily injection." (p. 119); tissue perfusion (middle ear space).

P6703 Wang,J., Faulconbridge,R.V.L., Fetoni,A., Guitton,M.J., Pujol,R., Puel,J.L. Local application of sodium thiosulfate prevents cisplatin-induced hearing loss in the guinea pig. Neuropharmacology 2003; 45(-3-):380-393. >>> Thiosulfate, sodium; Perilymph, artificial; water, sterile distilled; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg.381) "Seven animals died during the course of the CDDP treatment (probably from the toxic effects of CDDP)" (p.381); cancer; "Perfusion of STS into the cochlea via an osmotic minipump completely prevented CDDP-induced hearing loss" (p.391); pump/catheter schematic (p.381); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6536 Sugahara,K., Shimogori,H., Okuda,T., Takemoto,T., Hashimoto,M., Yamashita,H. Cochlear administration of adenosine triphosphate facilitates recovery from acoustic trauma (temporary threshold shift). ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2004; 66(-2-):80-84. >>> Adenosine triphosphate; PPADS; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; ; Post op. care (antibiotic ointment applied); PE-10 used to target the inner ear and fixed with dental cement; for recover period, pumps and catheters were filled with saline, then pumps replaced with reagent filled pumps; infusion of agents was 12 hours post pump replacement to allow for saline in catheter to be infused; PPADS is pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid solution; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6462 Takemoto,T., Sugahara,K., Okuda,T., Shimogori,H., Yamashita,H. The clinical free radical scavenger, edaravone, protects cochlear hair cells from acoustic trauma. European Journal of Pharmacology 2004; 487(-1-3-):113-116. >>> Edaravone; saline; NaOH; water; HCL; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 17 days; Controls received no treatment to contralateral ear; animals received mp w/saline for 3 days; then pumps replaced for mp w/edaravone; no stress (see pg. 115); post op. care (antibiotic ointment); edaravone is a free radical scavenger; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6458 Olivius,P., Alexandrov,L., Miller,J.M., Ulfendahl,M., Bagger-Sjoebaeck,D., Kozlova,E.N. A model for implanting neuronal tissue into the cochlea. BRAIN RESEARCH PROTOCOLS 2004; 12(-3-):152-156. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor Ax1, human; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 21-22 days; Pump replaced on days 11-12; post op. care (cyclosporine, doxycycline); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P6392 Okuda,T., Sugahara,K., Shimogori,H., Yamashita,H. Inner ear changes with intracochlear gentamicin administration in guinea pigs. Laryngoscope 2004; 114(-4-):694-697. >>> Gentamicin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced at day 7; pump contained saline only for the first seven days ; PE-10 used; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6333 Li,G, Frenz,D.A, Brahmblatt,S., Feghali,J.G., Ruben,R.J., Berggren,D., Arezzo,J., Van De Water,T.R  Neurotoxicology 2000; 22(--):163-176. >>> Methionine, L-; PBS, sterile; Ear (round window membrane); Rat; 2002; 12 days; Controls received no treatment; comparison of IP injections vs. mp; cancer (breast); cyanoacrylate adhesive; tissue perfusion (round window membrane).

P6159 Ekborn,A., Laurell,G., Ehrsson,H., Miller,J. Intracochlear administration of thiourea protects against cisplatin-induced outer hair cell loss in the guinea pig. Hearing Research 2003; 181(-1-2-):109-115. >>> Thiourea; Perilymph, artificial; water, sterile; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; good methods p. 111; microtip catheter was held in place using cyanoacrylate glue at the bulla defect, which was then sealed with dental cement; cites a detailed cannulation method; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6130 Wang,J., Van de Water,T.R., Bonny,C., de Ribaupierre,F., Puel,J.L., Zine,A. A peptide inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase protects against both aminoglycoside and acoustic trauma-induced auditory hair cell death and hearing loss. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-24-):8596-8607. >>> D-JNKI-1; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (JNK); D-JNKI-1 is a C-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK); glass pipette was glued to PE-50 and pressed against cochlea; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P6098 Takeda,T., Sawada,S., Takeda,S., Kitano,H., Suzuki,M., Kakigi,A., Takeuchi,S. The effects of V(2) antagonist (OPC-31260) on endolymphatic hydrops. Hearing Research 2003; 182(-1-2-):9-18. >>> OPC-31260; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; OPC-31260 is a vasopressin type-2 antagonist; insertion site of the cannula was sealed with biobonde (biomedical adhesive); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6077 Lang,H., Schulte,B.A., Schmiedt,R.A. Effects of chronic furosemide treatment and age on cell division in the adult gerbil inner ear. JARO-JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY 2003; 4(-2-):164-175. >>> Furosemide; Ear (cochlea); Gerbil; 2004; 1 week; No stress (p. 165); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5983 Zou,J., Bretlau,P., Pyykkoe,I., Toppila,E., Olovius,N.P., Stephanson,N., Beck,O., Miller,J.M. Comparison of the protective efficacy of Neurotrophins and antioxidants for vibration-induced trauma. ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2003; 65(-3-):155-161. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; tissue perfusion (cochlea); comparison of RWM injections vs. mp; peptides.

P5872 Wang,X.B., Truong,T., Billings,P.B., Harris,J.P., Keithley,E.M. Blockage of immune-mediated inner ear damage by etanercept. OTOLOGY&NEUROTOLOGY 2003; 24(-1-):52-57. >>> Etanercept; PBS; keyhole limpet hemocyanin; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS or KLH; Etanercept is a TNF receptor; keyhole limpet hemocyanin is (KLH); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P5832 Miller,A.L., Prieskorn,D.M., Altschuler,R.A., Miller,J.M. Mechanism of electrical stimulation-induced neuroprotection: effects of verapamil on protection of primary auditory afferents. Brain Research 2003; 966(-2-):218-230. >>> Verapamil; Perilymph, artifical; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 6 weeks; Pumps replaced every two weeks; 2 week stability verified by high pressure liquid chromatography p. 220; good methods p.220; 3 day recovery post implant; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5811 Du,X.P., Yoo,T.J., Mora,R. Distribution of beta-tubulin in guinea pig inner ear. ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2003; 65(-1-):7-16. >>> Tubulin, beta; PBS; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); peptides.

P5673 Wolters,F.L.C., Klis,S.F.L., de Groot,J.C.M.J., Hamers,F.P.T., Prieskorn,D.A., Miller,J.M., Smoorenburg,G.F. Systemic co-treatment with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone delays hearing loss caused by local cisplatin administration in guinea pigs. Hearing Research 2003; 179(-1-2-):53-61. >>> Cisplatin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 1 week; Tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5672 Chelikh,L., Teixeira,M., Martin,C., Sterkers,O., Ferrary,E., Couloigner,V. High variability of perilymphatic entry of neutral molecules through the round window. Acta Oto-laryngologica 2003; 123(-2-):199-202. >>> Mannitol; Inulin;; Radio-isotopes; 3H tracer; saline; ethanol; Ear (round window); Guinea-pig; 1007D; 7 days; Tissue perfusion (round window).

P5669 Gillespie,L.N., Clark,G.M., Bartlett,P.F., Marzella,P.L. BDNF-induced survival of auditory neurons in vivo: Cessation of treatment leads to accelerated loss of survival effects. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2003; 71(-6-):785-790. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2004; 4 weeks; Peptides; BDNF was recombinant human; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5659 Horiike,O., Shimogori,H., Ikeda,T., Yamashita,H. Protective effect of edaravone against streptomycin-induced vestibulot oxicity in the guinea pig. European Journal of Pharmacology 2003; 464(-1-):75-78. >>> Streptomycin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 24 hours; tissue perfusion (round window).

P5579 Foster,P.K., Luebke,A.E. A model for perilymphatic fistula induced hearing loss in the guinea pig cochlea. Hearing Research 2002; 167(-1-2-):175-179. >>> Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; ; some animals also received an air bubble ~1.5-2 microliters infused into the scala tympani; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P5540 Lalwani,A.K., Han,J.J., Castelein,C.M., Carvalho,G.J., Mhatre,A.N. In vitro and in vivo assessment of the ability of adeno-associated virus-brain-derived neurotrophic factor to enhance spiral ganglion cell survival following ototoxic insult. Laryngoscope 2002; 112(-8-):1325-1334. >>> Virus, adeno-associated; Gene, green fluorescent protein; Gene, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; PBS; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 1007D; 1 week; Gene therapy; cochlea cannulated with PE10 attached to PE50; virus contained gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and/or green fluorescent protein; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5481 Himeno,C., Komeda,M., Izumikawa,M., Takemura,K., Yagi,M., Yang,W.P., Doi,T., Kuriyama,H., Miller,J.M., Yamashita,T. Intra-cochlear administration of dexamethasone attenuates aminoglycoside ototoxicity in the guinea pig. Hearing Research 2002; 167(-1-2-):61-70. >>> Dexamethasone; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 14, 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 14 days; no stress (see pg. 67); "The current study indicates that intra-cochlear administration using osmotic pumps can provide a stable and continuous delivery of Dexamethasone without causing functional changes or tissue damage." (p. 67); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5452 Matsuoka,H., Kwon,S.S., Yazawa,Y., Barbieri,M., Yoo,T.J. Induction of endolymphatic hydrops by directly infused monoclonal antibody against type II collagen CB11 peptide. Annals of Otology Rhinology and Laryngology 2002; 111(-7-):587-592. >>> Antibody, anti-CB11 monoclonal; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ mouse serum; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P5448 Schmiedt,R.A., Okamura,H.O., Lang,H., Schulte,B.A. Ouabain application to the round window of the gerbil cochlea: A model of auditory neuropathy and apoptosis. JARO 2002; 3(-3-):223-233. >>> Ouabain; Saline; Ear (round window); Gerbil; 2004; 2, 4, 8 days; 2, 24 hours; Tissue perfusion (round window).

P5370 Spiess,A.C., Lang,H.N., Schulte,B.A., Spicer,S.S., Schmiedt,R.A. Effects of gap junction uncoupling in the gerbil cochlea. Laryngoscope 2002; 112(-9-):1635-1641. >>> Proadifen; Ear (round window niche); Gerbil; 2001; 2002; 6-7 or 11-14 days; Tissue perfusion (bulla); no stress (see pg. 1637); Proadifen, also called SKF-525A, is a gap junction uncoupler; the pump and cannula were gas-sterilized prior to filling (note: manufacturer does not recommend sterilizatioin of pumps); "The animals experienced no long-term trauma from either the surgery or the extra bulk of the pump." (p. 1637).

P5336 Schmiedt,R.A., Lang,H.N., Okamura,H., Schulte,B.A. Effects of furosemide applied chronically to the round window: A model of metabolic presbyacusis. Journal of Neuroscience 2002; 22(-21-):9643-9650. >>> Neomycin; Kanamycin; Furosenide; PBS; ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Tissue perfusion (round window); functionality of mp verified by residual volume; diagram of pump and electrode assembly (p. 94); catheter patency assessed by passing fluid through the line at the end of the experiment; Neomycin infused in pilot study; Kanamycin and furosenide were co-infused in a second study.

P5108 Allen,K.A, Hoffer,M.E, Wester,D.C  Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Meniere's Disease 1999; (--):613-617. >>> Gentamicin; Ear (round window membrane); Chinchilla; 14 days; functionality of mp verified by perilymph gentamicin levels; IntraEAR catheter used; passive diffusion (microcatheter alone) vs. infusion via mp compared (p. 616); pump model not specified, but states pump duration was 7 days; "The catheter-pump system allows us to control the delivery of medicine to the inner ear." (p. 616); tissue perfusion (round window membrane).

P5043 Wang,J., Dib,M., Lenoir,M., Vago,P., Eybalin,M., Hameg,A., Pujol,R., Puel,J.L. Riluzole rescues cochlear sensory cells from acoustic trauma in the guinea-pig. Neuroscience 2002; 111(-3-):635-648. >>> Riluzole; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); 2-day recovery period. Schematic of pump infusing to inner ear (p. 636). Riluzole is a neoroprotective agent (also called 1-amino-6-trifluoromethoxy benzothiazole). Paper states the use of 1003D, but specifications indicate model 2001 was used.

P5009 Shinohara,T., Bredberg,G., Ulfendahl,M., Pyykko,I., Olivius,N.P, Kaksonen,R., Lindstrom,B., Altschuler,R., Miller,J.M. Neurotrophic factor intervention restores auditory function in deafened animals. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2002; 99(-3-):1657-1660. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ciliary neurotrophic factor; Neomycin;; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 26 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea, scala tympani); pumps replaced at day 15; peptides; catheter filled with perilymph and 10% neomycin; pump filled with vehicle or neurotrophic factor solution; 48-hr infusion of neomycin to cause deafness followed by 12 or 26 day infusion of neurotrophic factor pump reservoir..

P5005 Shoji,F., Miller,A.L., Mitchell,A., Yamasoba,T., Altschuler,R.A., Miller,J.M. Differential protective effects of neurotrophins in the attenuation of noise-induced hair cell loss. Hearing Research 2000; 146(--):134-142. >>> NT-3; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 12 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); functinality of mp verified by residual volume assessment; peptides; in-house catheter created for tissue perfusion;.

P4972 O'Leary,S.J., Klis,S.F.L., de Groot,J.C.M.J., Hamers,F.P.T., Smoorenburg,G.F. Perilymphatic application of cisplatin over several days in albino guinea pigs: dose-dependency of electrophysiological and morphological effects. Hearing Research 2001; 154(--):135-145. >>> Cisplatin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 7 days; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); dose-response (Fig. 1-8); ototoxicity; in-house cochlear cannula used (modified); hearing loss; "the pump model has several advantages: 1) there appears to be less inter-animal variability than via systemic administration; 2) cisplatin dosage can be studied parametrically; 3) the effects of systemic toxicity are avoided" (p. 144).

P4856 Hoffer,M.E., Allen,K., Kopke,R.D., Weisskopf,P., Gottshall,K., Wester,D. Transtympanic versus sustained-release administration of gentamicin: Kinetics, morphology, and function. Laryngoscope 2001; 111(--):1343-1357. >>> Gentamicin sulfate; Water, sterile; Ear; Chinchilla; 2001; 7 days; Dose-response (graph, table p. 1349); comparison of transtympanic injections vs. mp/; IntraEar catheter used; Meniere's Disease; Vertigo; tinnitus; tissue perfusion.

P4830 Yang,G.S.Y., Song,H.T., Keithley,E.M., Harris,J.P. Intratympanic immunosuppressives for prevention of immune-mediated sensorineural hearing loss.. American Journal of Otology 2000; 21(--):499-504. >>> Dexamethasone;; PBS;; Ear (round window membrane);; guinea-pig;; 2002;; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (bulla); comparison of IP injections vs. mp; multiple pumps per animal (2) (one containing dexamethasone for one ear, the other containing PBS for the other ear);.

P4821 Luebke,A.E., Steiger,J.D., Hodges,B.L., Amalfitano,A. A modified adenovirus can transfect cochlear hair cells in vivo without compromising cochlear function.. Gene Therapy 2001; 8(--):789-794. >>> Adenovirus; Gene, beta-galactosidase;; Perilymph, artificial;; Ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2001;; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); functionality of mp verified by transgene expression of b-gal; gene therapy;.

P4743 Shimogori,H, Yamashita,H  Neuroscience 2000; 294(--):21-24. >>> Betamethasone;; Saline;; ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2002;; 2 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); glucocorticoids; local and systemic antibiotics given to prevent infection;.

P4742 Tang,W, Seidman,M.D, Henig,J.P, Shulman,A, Stracher,A  International Tinnitus Journal 2001; 7(-1-):4-12. >>> Leupeptin;; Hank's solution;; ear (round window);; guinea-pig;; 2002;; 8 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (bulla); long-term study, pumps replaced every 13 days; IntraEAR catheter used; Leupeptin is a potent calpain inhibitor; neuroprotection; buprenorphine given as postoperative analgesic; chloramphenicol given as prophlactic antibiotic;.

P4739 Kopke,R.D, Jackson,R.L, Li,G, Rasmussen,M.D, Hoffer,M.E, Frenz,D.A, Costello,M, Schultheiss,P, Van De Water,T.R  PNAS 2001; 98(-10-):5886-5891. >>> Transforming growth factor; Insulin-like growth factor I; Retinoic acid; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor;; PBS; BSA;; Ear (vestibule); Guinea-pig; 2002; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 2 weeks; peptides; IntraEAR catheter used; GFI group pumps filled with TGF, IGF and Retinoic acid; GFII group pumps filled with TGF, IGF, BDNF and retinoic acid; tissue perfusion (vestibule).

P4733 Conlon,B.J, Smith,D.W  Acta Otolaryngol. 2000; 120(--):596-599. >>> Neomycin; lipoic acid, alpha; Saline; Ear (round window); Guinea-pig; 2ML4; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (round window); no stress (see pg. 597); Neomycin antibiotic solution was 5%; micro polyurethane tubing used; the authors state that ALZET delivery system more closely approximates the clinical situation of repeated otic application, with minimal middle ear trauma..

P4730 Duan,M., Agerman,K, Ernfors,P., Canlon,B. Complementary roles of neurotrophin 3 and a N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in the protection of noise and aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity.. PNAS 2000; 97(-13-):7597-7602. >>> NT-3; Amikacin;; Perilymph, artificial;; Ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2ML2;; 15 days;; Antibiotic; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic; Group 1 received amikacin, Group 2 received vehicle, Group 3 received amikacin and NT-3; All treatment groups received drug for 1 day, followed by 2 weeks perilymph;.

P4552 Nair,T.S, Prieskorn,D.M., Miller,J.M., Dolan,D.F., Raphael,Y, Carey,T.E. KHRI-3 monoclonal antibody-induced damage to the inner ear: antibody staining of nascent scars.. Hearing Research 1999; 129(--):50-60. >>> Antibody, KHRI-3 monoclonal;; Medium, serum free;; ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2002;; 14 days;; controls received mp w/vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); immunology;.

P4471 Han,J.J, Mhatre,A.N., Wareing,M, Pettis,R, Gao,W.-Q., Zufferey,R.N, Trono,D, Lalwani,A.K. Transgene expression in the guinea pig cochlea mediated by a lentivirus-derived gene transfer vector.. Human Gene Therapy 1999/7/20; 10(--):1867-1873. >>> Lentivirus; gene, green fluorescent protein; Saline; PBS;; ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 1007D;; 8, 3 days;; controls received mp w/vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); gene therapy;.

P4436 Wareing,M, Mhatre,A.N, Pettis,R, Han,J.J, Haut,T, Pfister,M.H.F, Hong,K, Zheng,W.W, Lalwani,A.K  Hearing Research 1999; 128(--):61-69. >>> Liposomes, cationic; Gene, beta-galactosidase; Dextrose solution;; ear;; guinea-pig;; 1007D;; ; tissue perfusion (cochlea); comparison of micro injections vs. mp; stress/adverse reaction: significant fibrosis and acute immune response localized at the site of cochleostomy; gene therapy; prophylactic antibiotics provided; PE50 tubing was connected to PE10;.

P4403 Ernfors,P., Duan,M.L., ElShamy,W.M., Canlon,B. Protection of auditory neurons from aminoglycoside toxicity by neurotrophin-3. Nature Medicine 1996/4; 2(-4-):463-467. >>> Amikacin; NT-3;; Perilymph, artificial;; Ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2ML2;; 2 weeks;; Antibiotic; controls received mp with vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); peptides; Lynch coil used, agents or vehicle given in different sequential combinations;.

P4244 Hu,B.H., McFadden,S.L., Salvi,R.J., Henderson,D. Intracochlear infusion of buthionine sulfoximine potentiates carboplatin ototoxicity in the chinchilla. Hear.Res. 1999; 128(--):125-134. >>> Sulfoximine, L,S-buthionine; Hank's solution; ear (cochlea); Chinchilla; 2ML4; 14 days; good methods (p. 127); "BSO infusion itself caused no long-term functional or morphological changes." (p. 125); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P4225 Yamasoba,T., Dolan,D.F. The medial cochlear efferent system does not appear to contribute to the development of acquired resistance to acoustic trauma. Hear.Res. 1998; 120(--):143-151. >>> Strychnine; Ringer's solution; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); no stress (p. 149); good methods (p. 145); detailed cannula preparation and implantation procedures (p. 145); "osmotic pump implantation itself did not influence noise-induced cochlear damage" (p. 149).

P4127 Kuntz,A.L., Oesterle,E.C. Transforming growth factor-a with insulin induces proliferation in rat utricular extrasensory epithelia. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998; 118(--):816-824. >>> Thymidine; Transforming growth factor-a; Insulin; 3H tracer; Radio-isotopes; ear (cochlea); rat; 1003D; 2001; 3,7 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); agents infused singly or concomitantly in same pump; ALZET brain infusion kit 1 was modified for cochlear infusion; peptides.

P4106 Carvalho,G.J., Lalwani,A.K. The effect of cochleostomy and intracochlear infusion on auditory brain stem response threshold in the guinea pig. Am.J.Otology 1999; 20(--):87-90. >>> Perilymph, artificial; Saline; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; no duration posted; controls received mp w/saline; tissue perfusion (cochlea); good methods (p. 88); good diagram of pump placement (p. 88).

P4101 Schindler,R.A., Gladstone,H.B., Scott,N., Hradek,G.T., Williams,H., Shah,S.B. Enhanced preservation of the auditory nerve following cochlear perfusion with nerve growth factor. Am.J.Otology 1995; 16(-3-):304-309. >>> Nerve growth factor; Neomycin; Saline; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); pulsed delivery; cannula/catheter filled with neomycin which was infused for the first 24 h; pump was filled with NGF; peptides.

P4028 Lalwani,A.K., Walsh,B.J., Reilly,P.G., Carvalho,G.J., Zolotukhin,S., Muzyczka,N., Mhatre,A.N. Long-term in vivo cochlear transgene expression mediated by recombinant adeno-associated virus. Gene Therapy 1998; 5(--):277-281. >>> Virus, adeno-associated; Gene, lacZ; Gene, green fluorescent protein; Saline; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; no duration posted; controls received mp w/vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); functionality of mp verified by gene expression; gene therapy.

P4027 Lalwani,A.K., Walsh,B.J., Carvalho,G.J., Muzyczka,N., Mhatre,A.N. Expression of adeno-associated virus integrated transgene within the mammalian vestibular organs. Am.J.Otology 1998; 19(--):390-395. >>> Virus, adeno-associated; Gene, green fluorescent protein; Gene, beta-galactosidase; PBS; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 1007D; 7 days; controls received mp w/vehicle, mp w/reporter gene, or no pump; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); gene therapy.

P3987 d'Aldin,C., Caicedo,A., Ruel,J., Renard,N., Pujol,R., Puel,J.-L. Antisense oligonucleotides to the GluR2 AMPA receptor subunit modify excitatory synaptic transmission in vivo. Mol.Brain Research 1998; 55(--):151-164. >>> Oligodeoxynucleotide, antisense; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 1003D; 3 days; antisense; pump connected to glass pipette by PE-50 tubing; good diagram of pump implantation (p.152); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P3897 Yamasoba,T., Dolan,D.F. Chronic strychnine administration into the cochlea potentiates permanent threshold shift following noise exposure. Hear.Res. 1997; 112(--):13-20. >>> Strychnine; Ringer's solution; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by aspirating residual volume; no stress (see pp. 14, 17); good methods; "This technique has made possible chronic delivery of an agent into the cochlea without affecting cochlear sensitivity." (pg. 14); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P3894 Rose,A.S., Prazma,J., Randell,S.H., Baggett,H.C., Lane,A.P., Pillsbury,H.C. Nitric oxide mediates mucin secretion in endotoxin-induced otitis media with effusion. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1997; 116(--):308-316. >>> L-NAME; Kreb's solution; ear (tympanic bulla); rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; tissue perfusion (tympanic bulla); good diagram of pump implantation (pg. 310).

P3891 Nair,R.S., Prieskorn,D.M., Miller,J.M., Mori,A., Gray,J., Carey,T.E. In vivo binding and hearing loss after intracochlear infusion of KHRI-3 antibody. Hear.Res. 1997; 107(--):93-101. >>> Antibody, KHRI-3 monoclonal; Immunoglobulin, IgG1; PBS, sterile; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 13 days; controls received mp w/IgG1; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); no stress (see pg. 99); stress/adverse reaction in control animals at cannula site (pg. 96); immunology; KHRI-3 antibody binds to supporting cells of the organ of corti in the inner ear.

P3859 Lalwani,A.K., Han,J.J., Walsh,B.J., Zolotukhin,S., Muzyczka,N., Mhatre,A.N. Green fluorescent protein as a reporter for gene transfer studies in the cochlea. Hear.Res. 1997; 114(--):139-147. >>> Virus, adeno-associated; Gene, green fluorescent protein; PBS; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 1007D; 2, 7 days; controls received mp w/saline or mp w/AAV-Bgal; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); good methods (p.141); gene therapy.

P3816 Ruan,R.S., Leong,S.K., Yeoh,K.H. Ototoxicity of sodium nitroprusside. Hear.Res. 1997; 114(--):169-178. >>> Cobalamin, hydroxy-; ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 7 days; Tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P3795 Vass,Z., Shore,S.E., Nuttall,A.L., Jancso,G., Brechtelsbauer,P.B., Miller,J.M. Trigeminal ganglion innervation of the cochlea - a retrograde transport study. Neuroscience 1997; 79(-2-):605-615. >>> Horseradish peroxidase, wheat germ agglutinin; Capsaicin; Perilymph, artificial; ETOH; Saline, isotonic; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 1003D; 4 days; 48 hours; Controls received mp w/artificial perilymph; pumps replaced after 48 hours in some animals; no stress (see pg. 606); good methods (pg. 606); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P3764 d'Aldin,C.G., Ruel,J., Assie,R., Pujol,R., Puel,J.-L. Implication of NMDA type glutamate receptors in neural regeneration and neoformation of synapses after excitotoxic injury in the guinea pig cochlea. Int.J.Devl.Neuroscience 1997; 15(-4/5-):619-629. >>> AP5, D-; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/saline; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); comparison of acute administration vs. mp.

P3732 Miller,J.M., Chi,D.H., O'Keeffe,L.J., Kruszka,P., Raphael,Y., Altschuler,R.A. Neurotrophins can enhance spiral ganglion cell survival after inner hair cell loss. Int.J.Devl.Neuroscience 1997; 15(-4/5-):631-643. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NT-3; Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Ciliary neurotrophic factor; Perilymph, artificial;; Ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2 weeks; 28 days;; controls received mp with AP; pumps replaced after 7 days; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); peptides;.

P3505 Roberson,D.W., Kreig,C.S., Rubel,E.W. Light microscopic evidence that direct transdifferentiation gives rise to new hair cells in regenerating avian auditory epithelium. Auditory Neuroscience 1996; 2(--):195-205. >>> Thymidine; Radio-isotopes; 3H tracer; ear (cochlea); bird (chicken); 2002; 5,12 days; 26,30 hours; tissue perfusion (cochlea); ALZET brain infusion kit used.

P3410 Lalwani,A.K., Walsh,B.J., Reilly,P.G., Muzyczka,N., Mhatre,A.N. Development of in vivo gene therapy for hearing disorders: introduction of adeno-associated virus into the cochlea of the guinea pig. Gene Therapy 1996; 3(--):588-592. >>> Virus, adeno-associated, with bacterial gene seq; PBS; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 1007D; 2 weeks; controls received saline infusion; tissue perfusion (cochlea); Gene therapy.

P3339 Schindler,R.A., Gladstone,H.B., Scott,N., Hradek,G.T., Williams,H., Shah,S.B. American Neurotology Society Meeting Papers: Enhanced preservation of the auditory nerve following cochlear perfusion with nerve growth factor. Am.J.Otology 1995; 16(-3-):304-309. >>> Nerve growth factor; Saline; Succinate; ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/saline alone or w/cytochrome-C; tissue perfusion (basal scala tympani); peptides; neomycin infused from catheter tubing for 24 hrs after surgery; mouse 2.5S&recombin. human 7S NGF used.

P3331 Shah,S.B., Gladstone,H.B., Williams,H., Hradek,G.T., Schindler,R.A. An extended study: protective effects of nerve growth factor in neomycin-induced auditory neural degeneration. Am.J.Otology 1995; 16(-3-):310-314. >>> Nerve growth factor; Perilymph, artificial; Saline; Succinate; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 28-32 days; controls received mp w/artificial perilymph; tissue perfusion (basal scala tympani); pumps replaced after 15 days; stress/adverse reaction: "pump injury" mentioned on p.311; peptides; neomycin infused for 24 hrs via catheter tubing; recomb. human 7S NGF used.

P2567 Davies,E., Gladstone,H.B., Williams,H., Hradek,G., Shah,S.B., Schindler,R.A. A model for long-term intracochlear administration of pharmacologic agents. Am.J.Otology 1994; 15(-6-):757-761. >>> Neomycin; Horseradish peroxidase; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 2-14 days; Tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P2203 Brown,J.N., Miller,J.M., Altschuler,R.A., Nuttall,A.L. Osmotic pump implant for chronic infusion of drugs into the inner ear. Hear.Res. 1993; 70(--):167-172. >>> Tetrodotoxin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 1003D; 2002; no duration posted; Controls received saline in mp; tissue perfusion (cochlea).