ALZET® Osmotic Pump References: Extended Duration Studies Using Sequentially Implanted Pumps

Q0887 Barrera,J.G., Jones,K.R., Herman,J.P., D'Alessio,D.A., Woods,S.C., Seeley,R.J. Hyperphagia and Increased Fat Accumulation in Two Models of Chronic CNS Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Loss of Function. Journal of Neuroscience 2011; 31(-10-):3904-3913. >>> Exendin (9-39); Saline; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2006; 2004; 4, 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (adult, male, Long-Evans); long-term study; Research Diets; obesity.

Q0874 Barsony,J., Sugimura,Y., Verbalis,J.G. Osteoclast Response to Low Extracellular Sodium and the Mechanism of Hyponatremia-induced Bone Loss. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011; 286(-12-):10864-10875. >>> Vasopressin, 1-deamino-8-D arginine; SC; Rat; 2004; 3 months; Animal info (22 mo old, F344 Brown Norway hybrid, 200 g); long-term study; pumps replaced monthly.

Q0780 Borkiewicz,P., Pawlak,M., Mackowiak,P. The Results of Prolonged Action of GLP-1 on Some Metabolic Parameters. FOLIA BIOLOGICA-KRAKOW 2011; 59(-1-2-):13-17. >>> Glucagon-like peptide-1; IP; Rat; 13 days; Controls received mp w/ NaCl; animal info (male, Wistar, 150 g); comparison of IP injections vs. mp; "We concur that the pumps are more correct for long-term metabolic experiments because of the sustenance of stable amounts of used substances, previously placed in the body of animals." pg 14; "Stable and continuous maintenance of a proper concentration of the peptide using Alzet osmotic minipumps can probably achieve a stronger biological effect compared with repeatable application." pg 16; obesity.

Q0861 Chang,W.P., Huang,X.P., Downs,D., Cirrito,J.R., Koelsch,G., Holtzman,D.M., Ghosh,A.K., Tang,J. beta-Secretase inhibitor GRL-8234 rescues age-related cognitive decline in APP transgenic mice. FASEB Journal 2011; 25(-2-):775-784. >>> GRL-8234; PEG300; glucose; SC; Mice; 1002; 5-7.5 months; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (Tg2576); long-term study; pumps replaced after 21 days; enzyme inhibitor (beta-secretase); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease).

Q0428 Hathorn,T., Snyder-Keller,A., Messer,A. Nicotinamide improves motor deficits and upregulates PGC-1alpha and BDNF gene expression in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2011; 41(-1-):43-50. >>> Nicotinamide; SC; Mice; 2004; 10 weeks; Controls received mp w/saline; animal info (male, female, B6.HDR6/1, 8 wks old); pumps replaced after 5 weeks; long-term study; neurodegenerative (Huntington's disease); behavioral testing (open field testing, rotarod performance, balance beam).

Q0921 Hinkle,R.T., Lefever,F.R., Dolan,E.T., Reichart,D.L., Zwolshen,J.M., Oneill,T.P., Maloney,K.G., Mattson,J.P., Ferreira,L.F., Musch,T.I., Poole,D.C., Isfort,R.J. Treatment with a corticotrophin releasing factor 2 receptor agonist modulates skeletal muscle mass and force production in aged and chronically ill animals. BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS 2011; 12(-;-):U1-U12. >>> PG-873637; Saline, physiological; SC; Rat; 1, 3, 5 months; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (F344, female, 24 mo old, myocardial infarction); long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; PG873637 is a CRF2R selective agonist; 28-day pumps used; new agent.

Q0758 Kiwamoto,T., Ishii,Y., Morishima,Y., Yoh,K., Kikuchi,N., Haraguchi,N., Masuko,H., Kawaguchi,M., Nomura,A., Sakamoto,T., Takahashi,S., Hizawa,N. Blockade of cysteinyl leukotriene-1 receptors suppresses airway remodelling in mice overexpressing GATA-3. Clinical and Experimental Allergy 2011; 41(-1-):116-128. >>> Montelukast; Mice (transgenic); 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (GATA-3-tg, wild-type Balb/c, 6-8 wks old); long-term study.

Q0686 Lambert,W.S., Ruiz,L., Crish,S.D., Wheeler,L.A., Calkins,D.J. Brimonidine prevents axonal and somatic degeneration of retinal ganglion cell neurons. Molecular Neurodegeneration 2011; 6(-;-):U2-U14. >>> Brimonidine; PBS; SC; Rat; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 350-400 g); long-term study.

Q0889 Mihout,F., Shweke,N., Bige,N., Jouanneau,C., Dussaule,J.C., Ronco,P., Chatziantoniou,C., Boffa,J.J. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) induces chronic kidney disease through a mechanism involving collagen and TGF-beta 1 synthesis. Journal of Pathology 2011; 223(-1-):37-45. >>> L-NAME; dimethylarginine, asymmetric; SC; Mice; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ iso-osmotic saline serum; animal info (23 g, male, SV129, 8 wks old, uninephrectomized); long-term study; enzyme inhibitor (nitric oxide synthase, NOS).

Q0896 Rafiq,K., Nakano,D., Ihara,G., Hitomi,H., Fujisawa,Y., Ohashi,N., Kobori,H., Nagai,Y., Kiyomoto,H., Kohno,M., Nishiyama,A. Effects of mineralocorticoid receptor blockade on glucocorticoid-induced renal injury in adrenalectomized rats. Journal of Hypertension 2011; 29(-2-):290-298. >>> Hydrocortisone; dexamethasone; SC; Rat; 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Wistar-Kyoto, 160-183 g, uninephrectomy, bilateral adrenalectomy); long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; blood pressure (SBP) was measured by tail plethysmography (BP-98A; Softron Co., Tokyo, Japan).

Q0318 Abrams,J.M., Engeland,W.C., Osborn,J.W. Effect of intracerebroventricular benzamil on cardiovascular and central autonomic responses to DOCA-salt treatment. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology 2010; 299(-6-):R1500-R1510. >>> Benzamil; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 47 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 200-225 g); long-term study; ALZET brain infusion kit 2 used; pumps replaced on day 21; rate of rat cerebrospinal fluid production (3.7 +/- 0.1 ul/min) R1501..

Q0154 Apel,P.J., Ma,J.J., Callahan,M., Northam,C.N., Alton,T.B., Sonntag,W.E., Li,Z.Y. EFFECT OF LOCALLY DELIVERED IGF-1 ON NERVE REGENERATION DURING AGING: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RATS. Muscle&Nerve 2010; 41(-3-):335-341. >>> Insulin-like growth factor-I, recomb. human; CSF/CNS (tibial nerve); Rat; 2004; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; long-term study; pumps replaced after 6 weeks; animal info (Fischer 344 x Brown Norway, Sprague Dawley; 8 months old, 24 months old); diagram of pump with custom-made T-tube.

Q0002 Batista,D.G., Neves,K.R., Graciolli,F.G., dos Reis,L.M., Graciolli,R.G., Dominguez,W.V., Neves,C.L., Magalhaes,A.O., Custodio,M.R., Moyses,R.M., Jorgetti,V. The Bone Histology Spectrum in Experimental Renal Failure: Adverse Effects of Phosphate and Parathyroid Hormone Disturbances. Calcified Tissue International 2010; 87(-1-):60-67. >>> Parathyroid hormone, recomb. rat (1-34); Cysteine; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 56 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; animal info (male, Wistar, 280-330 g); functionality of mp verified by hormone serum levels; replacement therapy (parathyroidectomy, nephrecotomy (5/6)); pumps replaced after 28 days; long-term study.

Q0109 Chambliss,K.L., Wu,Q.A., Oltmann,S., Konaniah,E.S., Umetani,M., Korach,K.S., Thomas,G.D., Mineo,C., Yuhanna,I.S., Kim,S.H., Madak-Erdogan,Z., Maggi,A., Dineen,S.P., Roland,C.L., Hui,D.Y., Brekken,R.A., Katzenellenbogen,J.A., Katzenellenbogen,B.S., Shaul,P.W. Non-nuclear estrogen receptor-alpha signaling promotes cardiovascular protection but not uterine or breast cancer growth in mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2010; 120(-7-):2319-2330. >>> Estradiol; estrogen-dendrimer conjugate; IP; Mice (nude); 3, 7 weeks; 72 hours; Controls received mp w/ empty dendrimer; cardiovascular; cancer (breast); animal info (female, ERE-Luc reporter, 10-13 weeks old; Ex3aERKO, 8-9 weeks old; C57BL/6 Apoe-/-, 6 weeks old; SCID, 8 weeks old); functionality of mp verified by serum agent levels; replacement therapy (ovariectomy; pumps replaced after 28 days); long-term study; photon recording with light emission tomography (LET) system with a CCD camera; Research Diets D10001.

Q0152 Clausen,A., Doctrow,S., Baudry,M. Prevention of cognitive deficits and brain oxidative stress with superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetics in aged mice. NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING 2010; 31(-3-):425-433. >>> EUK-189; EUK-207; Mannitol; SC; Mice; 2004; 6 months; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; animal info (C57BL/6N Sim, 27-36 g, 17 months old).

Q0485 Deuse,T., Koyanagi,T., Erben,R.G., Hua,X., Velden,J., Ikeno,F., Reichenspurner,H., Robbins,R.C., Mochly-Rosen,D., Schrepfer,S. Sustained Inhibition of epsilon Protein Kinase C Inhibits Vascular Restenosis After Balloon Injury and Stenting. Circulation 2010; 122(-11-):S170-S178. >>> RACK7, psi epsilon; V1-2,10, epsilon; TAT (47-57); SC; Rat; 4, 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/saline; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 550-600 g); pumps replaced every second week; peptides; long-term study; enzyme inhibitor (epsilon PKC); epsilon V1-2 is a selective epsilon PKC inhibitor; psi epsilon RACK7 is a selective epsilon PKC activator psi epsilon receptor for activated protein kinase C.

Q0042 Fujimura,Y., Zoghbi,S.S., Simeon,F., Taku,A., Victor,P., Innis,R., Fujita,M. Quantification of peripheral benzodiazepine receptors in human brain with 18F-PBR06. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2010; 29(--):S360-S375. >>> Nicotine; Monkey (baboon); 6 months; Long-term study; animal info (Papio anubis); functionality of mp verified by plasma nicotine concentration; pumps replaced at 15 days, 2, 3, 4 and 5 months.

Q0330 Ichinose,R., Sano,H., Kishimoto,K.N., Sakamoto,N., Sato,M., Itoi,E. Alteration of the material properties of the normal supraspinatus tendon by nicotine treatment in a rat model. Acta Orthopaedica 2010; 81(-5-):634-638. >>> Nicotine; Saline; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, rats, 350-400 g); long-term study; pumps replaced; every 4 weeks; stress/adverse reaction (see pg. 635) "1 rat in the L group developed skin necrosis at the site of pump insertion".

Q0598 Ittner,L.M., Ke,Y.D., Delerue,F., Bi,M.A., Gladbach,A., van Eersel,J., Woelfing,H., Chieng,B.C., Christie,M.J., Napier,I.A., Eckert,A., Staufenbiel,M., Hardeman,E., Goetz,J. Dendritic Function of Tau Mediates Amyloid-beta Toxicity in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models. Cell 2010; 142(-3-):387-397. >>> TAT-NR2B9c; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Mice; 1004; 56 days; Negative controls received mp w/ Tat-NR2BAA; animal info (6 wks old, APP23, WT); long-term study; pumps replaced after 28 days; ALZET brain infusion kit 3 (with one spacer) used; peptides; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's Disease).

Q0161 Jacob,A., Bao,L., Brorson,J., Quigg,R.J., Alexander,J.J. C3aR inhibition reduces neurodegeneration in experimental lupus. LUPUS 2010; 19(-1-):73-82. >>> C3aRa; DMSO; SC; Mice; 2001; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced weekly; half-life (p. 75) "1.5 hours"; "C3aRa has a short half-life (1.5 h) and therefore was administered continuously using subcutaneously placed osmotic pumps" pg 75; 50% DMSO used.

Q0898 Kasselman,L.J., Rutkove,S.B. APPLICATION OF ANGIOTENSIN II TO HEALTHY RAT SCIATIC NERVE CAN PRODUCE NEUROPATHY WITHOUT ASSOCIATED VASCULOPATHY. Muscle&Nerve 2010; 42(-6-):959-965. >>> Angiotensin II; CSF/CNS (sciatic nerve); Rat; 2004; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ PBS; animal info (male, Wistar, 250-300 g); peptides; long-term study; good methods, pg 960; no stress (see pg. 961) "All animals from both groups survived the surgery without complications"; pump connected to silicone tube that was connected to a piece of Gelfoam; Fig. 1, schematic of pump, tube, and gelfoam. pg 960.

Q0085 Knight,Z.A., Hannan,K.S., Greenberg,M.L., Friedman,J.M. Hyperleptinemia Is Required for the Development of Leptin Resistance. PLoS One 2010; 5(-6-):U248-U255. >>> Leptin, recomb.; PBS; SC; Mice; 1004; 2002; 2004; 20 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced every 4 weeks, or 12 days; animal info (male, ob/ob C57BL/6J, 4 wks old); functionality of mp verified by plasma leptin levels; "We found, consistent with previous studies, that leptin replacement in ob/ob animals is sufficient to normalize their body weight and other physiologic abnormalities, and furthermore that this normalization can be maintained for 6 months by replacing the pumps monthly." pg. e11377; obesity.

P9977 Koitka,A., Cao,Z., Koh,P., Watson,A.M.D., Sourris,K.C., Loufrani,L., Soro-Paavonen,A., Walther,T., Woollard,K.J., Jandeleit-Dahm,K.A.M., Cooper,M.E., Allen,T.J. Angiotensin II subtype 2 receptor blockade and deficiency attenuate the development of atherosclerosis in an apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse model of diabetes. Diabetologia 2010; 53(-3-):584-592. >>> PD123319; Water, Milli Q; SC; Mice; 2004; 20 weeks; Long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; animal info (ApoE -/-, diabetic); diabetes.

Q0135 Lecanu,L., Rammouz,G., McCourty,A., Sidahmed,E.K., Greeson,J., Papadopoulos,V. CAPROSPINOL REDUCES AMYLOID DEPOSITS AND IMPROVES COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN A RAT MODEL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Neuroscience 2010; 165(-2-):427-435. >>> Amyloid protein, beta (1-42); buthionine suloximine; iron (II) sulfate; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2ML4; 8 weeks; Long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; animal info (Long Evans, 550 g); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's Disease).

Q0477 Li,J.H., Qu,X.L., Yao,J., Caruana,G., Ricardo,S.D., Yamamoto,Y., Yamamoto,H., Bertram,J.F. Blockade of Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition by a Smad3 Inhibitor Delays the Early Development of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes 2010; 59(-10-):2612-2624. >>> SIS3; advanced glycation end products; Albumin, mouse serum; SC; Mice; 1 month; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Tie2-Cre;Loxp-EGFP, C57BL/6J, 20-25g, STZ induced diabetes); long-term study; SIS3 is a specific Smad3 inhibitor.

Q0765 Liu,Q., Anderson,C., Broyde,A., Polizzi,C., Fernandez,R., Baron,A., Parkes,D.G. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and the exenatide analogue AC3174 improve cardiac function, cardiac remodeling, and survival in rats with chronic heart failure. Cardiovascular Diabetology 2010; 9(-;-):U1-U14. >>> Glucagon-like peptide-1; AC3174; DMSO; water; SC; Rat; 11 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 200-225 g); long-term study; peptides; behavioral testing (treadmill test); 25% DMSO used; myocardial infarction; AC3174 is a exenatide analogue.

Q0345 Marino,G., Ugalde,A.P., Fernandez,A.F., Osorio,F.G., Fueyo,A., Freije,J.M.P., Lopez-Otin,C. Insulin-like growth factor 1 treatment extends longevity in a mouse model of human premature aging by restoring somatotroph axis function. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2010; 107(-37-):16268-16273. >>> Insulin-like growth factor-1, human, recomb.; HCl; saline, isotonic, sterile; SC; Mice; 1004; 56 days; Animal info (transgenic, Zmpste24 metalloproteinase deficient); long-term study; pumps replaced after 28 days.

Q0022 Matsubara,B.B., Franco,M., Janicki,J.S., Matsubara,L.S. Effect of felodipine on myocardial and renal injury induced by aldosterone-high salt hypertension in uninephrectomized rats. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2010; 43(-5-):506-514. >>> Aldosterone; SC; Rat; 2002; 6 weeks; Control animals received no treatment; cardiovascular; animal info (male, Wistar, 300 g, 12 weeks old); replacement therapy (nephrectomy); pumps replaced; long-term study.

Q0302 Nagashima,M., Watanabe,T., Shiraishi,Y., Morita,R., Terasaki,M., Arita,S., Hongo,S., Sato,K., Shichiri,M., Miyazaki,A., Hirano,T. Chronic infusion of salusin-alpha and beta exerts opposite effects on atherosclerotic lesion development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Atherosclerosis 2010; 212(-1-):70-77. >>> Salusin-alpha; salusin-beta; anti-salusin-alpha antiserum; anti-salusin-beta antiserum; Saline; SC; Mice; 4, 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (13 wks old, male, ApoE-/-); long-term study; pumps replaced every week; peptides.

P9961 Nation,D.A., Szeto,A., Mendez,A.J., Brooks,L.G., Zaias,J., Herderick,E.E., Gonzales,J., Noller,C.M., Schneiderman,N., McCabe,P.M. Oxytocin Attenuates Atherosclerosis and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Socially Isolated ApoE-/- Mice. PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE 2010; 72(-4-):376-382. >>> Oxytocin; Sodium citrate; SC; Mice; 2006; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced after 6 weeks; animal info (male ApoE -/-, 11-12 wks old, 22-24 g).

Q0070 Okada,K., Tanaka,H., Temporin,K., Okamoto,M., Kuroda,Y., Moritomo,H., Murase,T., Yoshikawa,H. Methylcobalamin increases Erk1/2 and Akt activities through the methylation cycle and promotes nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve injury model. Experimental Neurology 2010; 222(-2-):191-203. >>> Methylcobalamin; PBS; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; half-life (p. 202) 20-50 min in serum; animal info (female, Wistar, 8 wks old, 180-220 g.).

Q0483 Osako,M.K., Nakagami,H., Koibuchi,N., Shimizu,H., Nakagami,F., Koriyama,H., Shimamura,M., Miyake,T., Rakugi,H., Morishita,R. Estrogen Inhibits Vascular Calcification via Vascular RANKL System Common Mechanism of Osteoporosis and Vascular Calcification. Circulation Research 2010; 107(-4-):466-U57. >>> Estradiol, 17b-; Propylene glycol; Mice; 1004; 3 months; Controls received mp w/saline; animal info (female, ApoE -/-, ovariectomy); long-term study; replacement therapy (ovariectomy).

Q0512 Prendergast,B.J. MT1 Melatonin Receptors Mediate Somatic, Behavioral, and Reproductive Neuroendocrine Responses to Photoperiod and Melatonin in Siberian Hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). Endocrinology 2010; 151(-2-):714-721. >>> Melatonin; ramelteon; Saline; ethanol; SC; Hamster; 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; animal info (Siberian, adult, male); 15% ethanol used; ramelteon is a specific MT1/MT2 agonist.

Q0323 Rakusan,D., Kujal,P., Kramer,H.J., Huskova,Z., Vanourkova,Z., Vernerova,Z., Mrazova,I., Thumova,M., Cervenka,L., Vaneckova,I. Persistent antihypertensive effect of aliskiren is accompanied by reduced proteinuria and normalization of glomerular area in Ren-2 transgenic rats. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 2010; 299(-4-):F758-F766. >>> Aliskiren; SC; Rat; 2004; 2006; 70 days; Control Hannover Sprague-Dawleys received aliskiren; animal info (male, heterozygous mRen2-27, normotensive control, Hannover Sprague-Dawley); pumps replaced with Model 2006 pumps after 28 days; long-term study.

Q0028 Rudolph,T.K., Rudolph,V., Edreira,M.M., Cole,M.P., Bonacci,G., Schopfer,F.J., Woodcock,S.R., Franek,A., Pekarova,M., Khoo,N.K.H., Hasty,A.H., Baldus,S., Freeman,B.A. Nitro-Fatty Acids Reduce Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 30(-5-):938-945. >>> Oleic acid; oleic acid, nitro-; Polyethylene glycol; ethanol; SC; Mice; 2004; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/vehicle; cardiovascular; animal info (male, ApoE -/-, 8 weeks old); pumps replaced every 4 weeks; agent also known as 9- and 10-nitro-octadecenoic acid; long-term study.

Q0715 Shibata,M.A., Morimoto,J., Shibata,E., Kurose,H., Akamatsu,K., Li,Z.L., Kusakabe,M., Ohmichi,M., Otsuki,Y. Raloxifene inhibits tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in a xenograft model of metastatic mammary cancer. BMC CANCER 2010; 10(-;-):U1-U14. >>> Raloxifene; DMSO; ethanol; SC; Mice; 2002; 6 weeks; Animal info (female, 6 wks old, BALB/c); long-term study; pumps replaced every other week; cancer (metastatic breast cancer); stress/adverse reaction: "one animal died from an overdose of anesthesia when the osmotic mini-pumps were changed" (see pg. 7 of 14); raloxifene is a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator; chemotherapeutic.

Q0056 Strait,K.R., Orkin,J.L., Anderson,D.C., Muly,E.C. Chronic, Constant-Rate, Gastric Drug Infusion in Nontethered Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta). Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 2010; 49(-2-):207-214. >>> Antipsychotic; Stomach (gastric lumen); Monkey; 2ML2; 2ML4; 12 months; Controls received mp w/ saline; no stress (see pg. 210); long-term infusion; animal info (male, Rhesus Macaques, 8.12 - 12.18 kg, 5.25 - 7.5 years old); post op. care (buprenorphine, meloxicam); functionality of mp verified by residual volume, plasma drug concentrations; pumps replaced every 2-4 weeks; good methods (pg. 208-210); mp placed SC with a gastric catheter to the stomach; concurrent gastroscopy used confirm catheter tip placement; catheter patency during the year was confirmed by endoscopy; cranial PET scans every 2-4 weeks; agent and saline were alternated during the 52 weeks, as were drug concentrations; "All 5 macaques tolerated placement of the gastric catheter and pump changes well. The animals maintained good condition throughout the course of the yearlong study" (pg. 210); "This method offers an attractive alternative for use in studies that require continuous, constant rate, enteral drug delivery in untethered monkeys. (pg. 214).

P9972 Trevaskis,J.L., Lei,C.L., Koda,J.E., Weyer,C., Parkes,D.G., Roth,J.D. Interaction of Leptin and Amylin in the Long-term Maintenance of Weight Loss in Diet-induced Obese Rats. Obesity 2010; 18(-1-):21-26. >>> Amylin, rat; leptin, murine; Water, sterile; DMSO; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; long-term study; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, DIO, 500 g); pumps replaced after 4 weeks; 50% DMSO for amylin; endocrinology.

Q0207 Van Dam,D., Coen,K., De Deyn,P.P. Ibuprofen modifies cognitive disease progression in an Alzheimer's mouse model. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 24(-3-):383-388. >>> Ibuprofen; PEG 300; water, ultrapure; SC; Mice; 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; animal info (6 wks old, male, APP23); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's Disease).

R0282 Werner,U., Haschke,G., Herling,A.W., Kramer,W. Pharmacological profile of lixisenatide: A new GLP-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. REGULATORY PEPTIDES 2010; 164(-2-3-):58-64. >>> Lixisenatide; Rat; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (prediabetic, obese, ZDF, 8 wks old); long-term study; obesity; Review, see Werner U, Gerlach M, Hofmann M, Herling AW. Treatment of obese Zucker diabetic fatty rats with novel GLP-1 receptor agonist AVE0010 improves oral glucose tolerance and glycaemic control without risk of hypoglycaemia [Abstract]. Diabetologia 2006;49(Suppl 1):398-9..

Q0314 Wong,M.S.K., Delansorne,R., Man,R.Y.K., Svenningsen,P., Vanhoutte,P.M. Chronic treatment with vitamin D lowers arterial blood pressure and reduces endothelium-dependent contractions in the aorta of the spontaneously hypertensive rat. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2010; 299(-4-):H1226-H1234. >>> Vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxy-; SC; Rat; 2006; 6 weeks; Animal info (adult, SHR, WKY, 36 wk old); long-term study.

P9753 Buckmaster,P.S., Ingram,E.A., Wen,X.L. Inhibition of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway Suppresses Dentate Granule Cell Axon Sprouting in a Rodent Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Journal of Neuroscience 2009; 29(-25-):8259-8269. >>> Rapamycin; DMSO; ethanol; fluorescein; CSF/CNS (dentate gyrus); Rat; 2004; 1-2 months; Controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by fluorescein labeling; long-term study; pumps replaced after 1 month; ALZET brain infusion kit 2 used; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 34 days old); 50% DMSO used; 15% ethanol used.

Q0556 Chabas,J.F., Alluin,O., Rao,G., Garcia,S., Lavaut,M.N., Legre,R., Magalon,G., Marqueste,T., Feron,F., Decherchi,P. FK506 Induces Changes in Muscle Properties and Promotes Metabosensitive Nerve Fiber Regeneration. Journal of Neurotrauma 2009; 26(-1-):97-108. >>> FK-506; IP; Rat; 2ML4; 12 weeks; Controls were unoperated; animal info (8 wks old male, Sprague-Dawley, 250-300 g); long-term study; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 98) "untreatable infection".

P9557 Chakrabarty,S., Friel,K.M., Martin,J.H. Activity-Dependent Plasticity Improves M1 Motor Representation and Corticospinal Tract Connectivity. Journal of Neurophysiology 2009; 101(-3-):1283-1293. >>> Muscimol; Saline; CSF/CNS (motor cortex); Cat (kitten); 2002; 28 days; Controls received mp w/vehicle; Long-term study; pumps replaced after 2 weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit used; tissue perfusion (motor cortex).

Q0552 Fan,Y.Y., Kohno,M., Nakano,D., Hitomi,H., Nagai,Y., Fujisawa,Y., Lu,X.M., Fu,H., Du,J., Ohmori,K., Hosomi,N., Kimura,S., Kiyomoto,H., Nishiyama,A. Inhibitory effects of a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker on renal injury in aldosterone-infused rats. Journal of Hypertension 2009; 27(-9-):1855-1862. >>> Aldosterone; Ethanol; SC; Rat; 2004; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (Sprague-Dawley, 162-184 g); pumps replaced every 3 weeks; long-term study; replacement therapy (nephrectomy); 2% ethanol used.

Q0455 Gotfredsen,K., Lindh,C.H., Berglundh,T. Does Longstanding Nicotine Exposure Impair Bone Healing and Osseointegration? An Experimental Study in Rabbits. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS 2009; 91B(-2-):918-923. >>> Nicotine tartrate; Water, sterile; SC; Rabbit; 6 months; Animal info (New Zealand, white, female); long-term study; pumps replaced monthly; multiple pumps per animal (2); "the results indicate the relative safety of nicotine replacement therapy for periods up to 6 months." pg 923.

Q0392 Henderson,K.K., Danzi,S., Paul,J.T., Leya,G., Klein,I., Samarel,A.M. Physiological Replacement of T3 Improves Left Ventricular Function in an Animal Model of Myocardial Infarction-Induced Congestive Heart Failure. Circulation-Heart Failure 2009; 2(-3-):243-U122. >>> Triiodothyronine; Saline; SC; Rat; 2004; 9 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (adult, male, Sprague Dawley); pumps replaced at the 4th week; long-term study; myocardial infarction.

P9899 Higgins,E.W., Rao,A., Baumann,S.S., James,R.L., Kuehl,T.J., Muir,T.W., Pierce,L.M. Effect of estrogen replacement on the histologic response to polypropylene mesh implanted in the rabbit vagina model. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2009; 201(-5-):U192-U200. >>> Estradiol, 17b-; PEG 300; SC; Rabbit; 2ML4; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/vehicle; replacement therapy (ovariectomy); long-term study; pumps replaced at 4 week intervals; animal info (adult, New Zeland, White, female); "ALZET pumps...are precision drug administration tools that conveniently eliminate the need for daily injections and reduce animal handling," pg 505.e2.

Q0827 Huang,L.H., Haylor,J.L., Hau,Z., Jones,R.A., Vickers,M.E., Wagner,B., Griffin,M., Saint,R.E., Coutts,I.G.C., El Nahas,A.M., Johnson,T.S. Transglutaminase inhibition ameliorates experimental diabetic nephropathy. Kidney International 2009; 76(-4-):383-394. >>> NTU281, dansyl labeled; PBS; Intrarenal; Rat; 2ML4; 1, 4, 8 months; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Wistar, Han, uninephrectomized); functionality of mp verified by residual volume, Fig 2a; long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; enzyme inhibitor (transglutaminase); "cannula was secured using silk ties and tissue glue and run through the muscle wall to the pump located on the scruff" pg 392.

Q0818 Kawamura,M., Itoh,H., Yura,S., Mogami,H., Fujii,T., Kanayama,N., Konishi,I. Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Candesartan Cilexetil, but Not Hydralazine Hydrochloride, Protects Against Mouse Cardiac Enlargement Resulting From Undernutrition In Utero. REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES 2009; 16(-10-):1005-1012. >>> Hydralazine hydrochloride; candesartan cilexetil; Water, distilled; sodium carbonate; SC; Mice; 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (9-17 wks old, normally nourished); long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; Figure 3b, image of pump implantation location.

Q0440 Kilian,M., Gregor,J.I., Heukamp,I., Helmecke,K., Hanel,M., Wassersleben,B., Walz,M.K., Schimke,I., Kristiansen,G., Wenger,F.A. Impact of Octreotide and SOM-230 on liver metastasis and hepatic lipidperoxidation in ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Syrian Hamster. CLINICAL&EXPERIMENTAL METASTASIS 2009; 26(-7-):719-727. >>> SOM-230; octreotide; SC; Hamster; 2004; 16 weeks; Animal info (120 wks old, male, Syrian Golden); long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; cancer (Ductal pancreatic).

P9705 Kimura,T., Nguyen,P.T.H., Ho,S.A., Tran,A.H., Ono,T., Nishijo,H. T-817MA, a neurotrophic agent, ameliorates the deficits in adult neurogenesis and spatial memory in rats infused i.c.v. with amyloid-beta peptide. British Journal of Pharmacology 2009; 157(-3-):451-463. >>> Amyloid protein, beta (1-40); Acetonitrile; trifluoroacetic acid; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 10 weeks; Controls received mp w/vehicle; long-term study; peptides; animal info (male, crj, Wistar, 7 wks old); behavioral testing (open field test).

P9421 Kobayashi,N., Takeshima,H., Fukushima,H., Koguchi,W., Mamada,Y., Hirata,H., Machida,Y., Shinoda,M., Suzuki,N., Yokotsuka,F., Tabei,K., Matsuoka,H. Cardioprotective Effects of Pitavastatin on Cardiac Performance and Remodeling in Failing Rat Hearts. American Journal of Hypertension 2009; 22(-2-):176-182. >>> Pitavastatin; Wortmannin; Y-27632; DMSO; saline; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 7 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced; enzyme inhibitor (phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase, Rho kinase); cardiovascular; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, Dahl S, Dahl R, 11 wks old); 8% DMSO used.

P9859 Lea,W.B., Kwak,E.S., Luther,J.M., Fowler,S.M., Wang,Z.F., Ma,J., Fogo,A.B., Brown,N.J. Aldosterone antagonism or synthase inhibition reduces end-organ damage induced by treatment with angiotensin and high salt. Kidney International 2009; 75(-9-):936-944. >>> Angiotensin II; Rat; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 wks; peptides; animal info (8 wks old, uninephrectomized).

Q0529 Mukaddam-Daher,S., Menaouar,A., Paquette,P.A., Jankowski,M., Gutkowska,J., Gillis,M.A., Shi,Y.F., Calderone,A., Tardif,J.C. Hemodynamic and Cardiac Effects of Chronic Eprosartan and Moxonidine Therapy in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Hypertension 2009; 53(-5-):775-U58. >>> Moxonidine; eprosartan; Saline; NaOH; HCl; SC; Rat; 2004; 2ML4; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (SP-SHR, 14 wks old, 250-275 g); antihypertensive; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; long-term study; multiple pumps per animal (2); moxonidine or eprosartan were infused separately or in combination.

Q0527 Nakagami,A., Negishi,T., Kawasaki,K., Imai,N., Nishida,Y., Ihara,T., Kuroda,Y., Yoshikawa,Y., Koyama,T. Alterations in male infant behaviors towards its mother by prenatal exposure to bisphenol A in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) during early suckling period. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009; 34(-8-):1189-1197. >>> Bisphenol A; Dimethylacetamide, N, N-; PEG; SC; Monkey (pregnant); 2004; 160 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (normal, female, cynomolgus, 2.5-4.0 kg, 5-13 years old, gestational day 20); long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; infusion dose in monkeys of 10 ug/kg/day corresponds to an oral dose of 5 mg/kg/day in rats; behavioral testing (mother-infact interaction).

Q0824 Phornphutkul,C., Lee,M., Voigt,C., Wu,K.Y., Ehrlich,M.G., Gruppuso,P.A., Chen,Q. The Effect of Rapamycin on Bone Growth in Rabbits. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2009; 27(-9-):1157-1161. >>> Rapamycin; DMSO; Bone (proximal tibial growth plates); Rabbit; 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (5 wks old, New Zealand White); long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; 5% DMSO used; good methods pg 1158.

Q0238 Richards,A., McGeechan,K., Niknam,M., Salomon,R., Kurek,C., Dong,Q.H., Patel,M.I. Prolonging androgen sensitivity in prostate cancer - a role for COX inhibitors?. ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2009; 79(-9-):641-647. >>> Celecoxib; DMSO; ethanol; water; SC; Mice (nude); 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced after 28 days; stress/adverse reaction (see pg. 646 "local skin dryness and erosion"); enzyme inhibitor (COX-2); cancer (prostate); incorrectly stated pump model 2400; 50% DMSO used; 15% ethanol used.

P9515 Scheper,V., Paasche,G., Miller,J.M., Warnecke,A., Berkingali,N., Lenarz,T., Stoever,T. Effects of Delayed Treatment With Combined GDNF and Continuous Electrical Stimulation on Spiral Ganglion Cell Survival in Deafened Guinea Pigs. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2009; 87(-6-):1389-1399. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 48 days; Controls received mp w/artificial perilymph; tissue perfusion (cochlea); long-term study; pumps replaced after 13 days; good methods (pg. 1391); animal info (male, pigmented, 250-450 g.); pumps primed; image of pump and electrode cannula device used on fig. 1.

Q0576 Serbedzija,P., Madl,J.E., Ishii,D.N. Insulin and IGF-I prevent brain atrophy and DNA loss in diabetes. Brain Research 2009; 1303(-;-):179-194. >>> Insulin; insulin-like growth factor-I; CSF/CNS; Rat; 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ aCSF; animal info (Wistar, 275-300 g adult, 9 wks old, male, STZ-induced diabetes); long-term study; pumps replaced at two week intervals; ALZET brain infusion kit used; post op. care (Buprenorphine); cannula placement verified by injecting 20 ul dye through the catheter at time of assay.

Q0292 Stucchi,P., Cano,V., Ruiz-Gayo,M., Fernandez-Alfonso,M.S. Aliskiren reduces body-weight gain, adiposity and plasma leptin during diet-induced obesity. British Journal of Pharmacology 2009; 158(-3-):771-778. >>> Aliskiren; SC; Mice; 2004; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (4 wks old, C57BL/6J); long-term study.

Q0373 Tanifuji,C., Suzuki,Y., Geot,W.M., Horikoshi,S., Takahashi,H., Tomino,Y. Beneficial Effects of Combination Therapy with Olmesartan and Azelnidipine in Murine Polycystic Kidneys. KIDNEY&BLOOD PRESSURE RESEARCH 2009; 32(-4-):239-249. >>> Olmesartan; azelnidipine; Mice; 2004; 4, 8 weeks; Animal info (pcy, 6 wks old); long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks.

P9803 Valentine,H.L., Viquez,O.M., Amarnath,K., Amarnath,V., Zyskowski,J., Kassa,E.N., Valentine,W.M. Nitrogen Substituent Polarity Influences Dithiocarbamate-Mediated Lipid Oxidation, Nerve Copper Accumulation, and Myelin Injury. Chemical Research In Toxicology 2009; 22(-1-):218-226. >>> Sarcosin dithiocarbamate; diethyldithiocarbamate, N, N-; IM (abdominal); Rat; 2ML4; 8 weeks; Controls did not receive pumps; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; peptides; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley); compounds sterilized via 0.22 um syringe filter; also known as SADC, DEDC.

Q0261 Welin,D., Novikova,L.N., Wiberg,M., Kellerth,J.O., Novikov,L.N. Effects of N-acetyl-cysteine on the survival and regeneration of sural sensory neurons in adult rats. Brain Research 2009; 1287(-;-):58-66. >>> Cysteine, n-acetyl; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Rat; 2002; 8 weeks; Animal info (adult, 10-12 wks old, female); long-term study; pumps replaced every 14 days; PE60 tubing used.

P9879 Zhao,Z., Zhang,H.T., Bootzin,E., Millan,M.J., O'Donnell,J.M. Association of Changes in Norepinephrine and Serotonin Transporter Expression with the Long-Term Behavioral Effects of Antidepressant Drugs. Neuropsychopharmacology 2009; 34(-6-):1467-1481. >>> Protriptyline; reboxetine; sertraline; venlafaxine; DMSO; saline; ethanol; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 2ML4; 14, 42 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced after 21 days; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 300-350 g.); 50% DMSO used; 10% ethanol used.

P8929 Badlani,N., Inoue,A., Healey,R., Coutts,R., Amiel,D. The protective effect of OP-1 on articular cartilage in the development of osteoarthritis. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE 2008; 16(-5-):600-606. >>> Osteogenic protein-1; Lactose; Knee (articular cavity); Rabbit; 2004; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by separate in vivo test; peptides; post op. care ("appropriate"); animal info (New Zealand, White, 1 yr old); also known as BMP-7 or bone morphogenic protein-7; catheter was secured with polyethylene stents; "The efficacy of the (ALZET Pump) was tested in vivo before beginning the study with good results"; "constant infusion of OP-1 may be the most ideal form of delivery"; long-term study; good methods.

Q0563 Begum,A.N., Yang,F.S., Teng,E., Hu,S.X., Jones,M.R., Rosario,E.R., Beech,W., Hudspeth,B., Ubeda,O.J., Cole,G.M., Frautschy,S.A. Use of Copper and Insulin-Resistance to Accelerate Cognitive Deficits and Synaptic Protein Loss in a Rat A-beta-Infusion Alzheimer's Disease Model. JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE 2008; 15(-4-):625-640. >>> Amyloid protein, beta (1-42); amyloid protein, beta (1-40); lipoprotein, high density; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1004; 15 weeks; Animal info (Retired breeder, Sprague-Dawley); long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; bilateral Plastics One cannula used; "We have improved our A-beta 42 in vivo infusion model, leading to more rapid onset of deficits by optimizing HDL and copper concentrations" pg 637.

P9078 Billes,S.K., Cowley,M.A. Catecholamine reuptake inhibition causes weight loss by increasing locomotor activity and thermogenesis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008; 33(-6-):1287-1297. >>> Nisoxetine; GBR12783; bupropion; DMSO; saline, nonpyrogenic; SC; Mice; 1007D; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/vehicle; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (adult, male, C57BL/6J); 10% DMSO used; "we were limited to 7 days by drug solubility." pg. 1288; incision was closed with wound clips; nisoxetine is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; GBR12783 is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor; "This study emphasizes that although acute studies may infer long-term drug effects, they do not necessarily predict a drug's chronic effects. Even though the chronic studies presented here were limited (by method of administration and drug solubility) to 1 week of treatment, they were sufficient to illustrate differences between the acute and subchronic effects of catecholamine reuptake inhibitors.".

P9260 Bordia,T., Campos,C., Huang,L.P., Quik,M. Continuous and intermittent nicotine treatment reduces L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA)-induced dyskinesias in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2008; 327(-1-):239-247. >>> Nicotine, free base; Water, sterilized; SC; Rat; 2004; 2006; 8-10 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma continine levels; comparison of PO vs. mp; long-term study pumps replaced after 4 weeks; post op. care (buprenorphine); animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 6-H DA lesion, 250 g.); neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease); behavioral testing (forelimb asymmetry test, axial dystonia, orolingual movement, rotational behavior).

P9286 Ciceroni,C., Arcella,A., Mosillo,P., Battaglia,G., Mastrantoni,E., Oliva,M.A., Carpinelli,G., Santoro,F., Sale,P., Ricci-Vitiani,L., De Maria,R., Pallini,R., Giangaspero,F., Nicoletti,F., Melchiorri,D. Type-3 metabotropic glutamate receptors negatively modulate bone morphogenetic protein receptor signaling and support the tumourigenic potential of glioma-initiating cells. Neuropharmacology 2008; 55(-4-):568-576. >>> LY379268; LY341495; SC; Mice (nude); 3 months; Controls received mp w/ saline; long-term study; pumps replaced every 15-28 days; cancer (brain, glioma); MRI; animal info (male, CD-1, nude); mGlu3 receptor-agonist, antagonist.

P9234 Di Zhang,A., Cat,A.N.D., Soukaseum,C., Escoubet,B., Cherfa,A., Messaoudi,S., Delcayre,C., Samuel,J.L., Jaisser,F. Cross-Talk Between Mineralocorticoid and Angiotensin II Signaling for Cardiac Remodeling. Hypertension 2008; 52(-6-):1060-1U44. >>> Angiotensin II; SC; Mice (transgenic); 2 months; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by systolic blood pressure); long-term study; pumps replaced; cardiovascular; peptides; animal info (male, MHCtTA/tetO-hMR DTg, 2 months old, 28-35 g.).

P9382 Feldmann,G., Habbe,N., Dhara,S., Bisht,S., Alvarez,H., Fendrich,V., Beaty,R., Mullendore,M., Karikari,C., Bardeesy,N., Ouellette,M.M., Yu,W., Maitra,A. Hedgehog inhibition prolongs survival in a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer. Gut 2008; 57(-10-):1420-1430. >>> Cyclopamine; Sodium citrate buffer; phosphate buffer; cyclodextrin, 2-hydroxy-propyl-beta-; SC; Mice (transgenic); 5, 61-67 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced weekly; cancer (panreatic adenocarcinoma); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (Pdx1-Cre; LsL-Kras-G12D; Ink4a/ArF-lox/lox Tg, 5 wks old); "pharmacological Hedgehog blockage by continuous administration of low-dose cyclopamine prolongs survival in this model (of pancreatic cancer)." (p. 1420); 30% cyclodextrin used.

P9032 Fukuda,D., Sata,M., Ishizaka,N., Nagai,R. Critical role of bone marrow angiotensin II type 1 receptor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 28(-1-):90-96. >>> Angiotensin II; Mice; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; peptides; animal info (ApoE -/-, AT1aR -/-).

P9273 Ito,M., Gomori,A., Suzuki,J., Tsujioka,S., Sasaki,M., Matsuda,M., Bednarek,M.A., Ito,M., Ishihara,A., Iwaasa,H., MacNeil,D.J., Kanatani,A. Antagonism of central melanin-concentrating hormone 1 receptor alleviates steatohepatitis in mice. Journal of Endocrinology 2008; 198(-2-):309-315. >>> Melanin-concentrating hormone 1, receptor antagonist; Water, distilled; propylene glycol; CSF/CNS; Mice; 2004; 4, 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced after 2 or 4 weeks; no stress (see pg. 311, 314); ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; post op. care (Cefamezin); animal info (male, C57BL/6, 10 wks old, 16 wks old, 1 year old); animals received mp w/vehicle for 2 or 4 weeks, then mp with agent or vehicle for 2 or 4 more weeks; dental cement used; cannula placement confirmed at end of experiment with Evans blue dye.

P8815 Jin,H.K., Yang,R.H., Zheng,Z., Romero,M., Ross,J., Bou-Reslan,H., Carano,R.A.D., Kasman,I., Mai,E., Young,J., Zha,J.P., Zhang,Z.M., Ross,S., Schwall,R., Colbern,G., Merchant,M. MetMAb, the one-armed 5D5 anti-c-Met antibody, inhibits orthotopic pancreatic tumor growth and improves survival. Cancer Research 2008; 68(-11-):4360-4368. >>> Hepatocyte growth factor, human; Dextran sulfate; IP; Mice (nude); 1002; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by human HGF serum levels; long-term study; pumps replaced every 12 to 14 days; cancer (pancreatic); peptides; animal info (female, nu/nu).

Q0835 Kasuga,Y., Adachi,J., Nishi,A., Hashimoto,H., Kaji,S., Horiuchi,Y., Kagawa,H. Induction of sexual maturation of male Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) by continuous administration of various hormones using osmotic pump. CYBIUM 2008; 32(-2-):171-171. >>> Human chorionic gonadotropin; salmon pituitary extract; gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist; IP; Fish (eel); 2006; 42 days; Animal info (male, Japanese); long-term study; comparison of IP injections vs IP mp; incorrectly listed Model 2002; "HCG administration of 50 IU day-1 by using OS was an efficient and reliable method for the artificial maturation of male Japanese eel, instead of the weekly injections method." pg 171.

P8813 Kubota,Y., Takubo,K., Suda,T. Bone marrow long label-retaining cells reside in the sinusoidal hypoxic niche. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2008; 366(-2-):335-339. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; PBS; SC; Mice; 2004; 2 months; Long-term study; pumps replaced after 28 days; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (C57BL/6, 1 month old); labeling of bone marrow LRC's.

P8773 Lu,H., Rateri,D.L., Feldman,D.L., Charnigo,RJ Jr, Fukamizu,A., Ishida,J.J., Oesterling,E.G., Cassis,L.A., Daugherty,A. Renin inhibition reduces hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis in mice. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2008; 118(-3-):984-993. >>> Aliskiren; PBS; SC; Mice; 2004; 4, 12 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma Aliskiren levels; dose-response (fig. 1); long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; no stress (see pg. 985); enzyme inhibitor (Renin); cardiovascular; animal info (male, C57BL/6, Ldlr -/-, 6-8 wks old, 30g.).

Q0749 Minnaard-Huiban,M., Hermans,J.J.R., van Essen,H., Bitsch,N., Smits,J.F.M. Comparison of the effects of intrapericardial and intravenous aldosterone infusions on left ventricular fibrosis in rats. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE 2008; 10(-12-):1166-1171. >>> Aldosterone; Polyethylene glycol; water; IV; intrapericardial; Rat; 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; animal info (male, Wistar, 280-320 g); pumps replaced after 4 weeks.

P8812 Minnaard-Huiban,M., Emmen,J.M.A., Roumen,L., Beugels,I.P.E., Cohuet,G.M.S., van Essen,H., Ruijters,E., Pieterse,K., Hilbers,P.A.J., Ottenheijm,H.C.J., Plate,R., de Gooyer,M.E., Smits,J.F.M., Hermans,J.J.R. Fadrozole reverses cardiac fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive heart failure rats: Discordant enantioselectivity Versus reduction of plasma aldosterone. Endocrinology 2008; 149(-1-):28-31. >>> Fadrozole, R-; fadrozole, S-; Sodium phosphate buffer; PEG 400; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (Fig. 1); long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; no stress (see pg. 29); cardiovascular; animal info (male, lean SHHF, 40 wks old, 450g.); aldosterone biosynthesis inhibitor.

P8980 Mueller,M.A., Beutner,F., Teupser,D., Ceglarek,U., Thiery,J. Prevention of atherosclerosis by the mTOR inhibitor everolimus in LDLR(-/-) mice despite severe hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 2008; 198(-1-):39-48. >>> SDZ RAD; Ethanol; propylene glycol; SC; Mice; 2004; 12 weeks; Long-term study; pumps replaced every 28 days; animal info (LDL receptor deficient, male); SDZ RAD also known as everolimus or certican; compound is a mamallian target of rapamycin inhibitor.

P9685 Otto-Duessel,M., Brewer,C., Gonzalez,I., Nick,H., Wood,J.C. Safety and Efficacy of Combined Chelation Therapy with Deferasirox and Deferoxamine in a Gerbil Model of Iron Overload. Acta Haematologica 2008; 120(-2-):123-128. >>> Desferrioxamine; deferasirox; Gerbil; 3 months; Controls received mp w/ PBS; long-term study; pumps replaced every month; stress/adverse reaction (see pg. 124) "ill health"; animal info (female, Mongolian, 8-10 wks old); pumps externalized using a rodent jacket; "A 2-ml ALZET osmotic pump was placed in a sealed PBS-filled tube and carried by the gerbils on a rodent jacket" pg. 124; Deferoxamine also known as Desferrioxamine; deferasirox is an oral iron chelator.

P9541 Park,Y.M., Lim,B.H., Touyz,R.M., Park,J.B. Expression of NAD(P)H Oxidase Subunits and Their Contribution to Cardiovascular Damage in Aldosterone/Salt-Induced Hypertensive Rat. Journal of Korean Medical Science 2008; 23(-6-):1039-1045. >>> Aldosterone; Saline; SC; Rat; 2002; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/vehicle, or sham operation; long-term study; pumps replaced every 2 weeks; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 8 wks old, 250g).

P9435 Pitzer,C., Krueger,C., Plaas,C., Kirsch,F., Dittgen,T., Mueller,R., Laage,R., Kastner,S., Suess,S., Spoelgen,R., Henriques,A., Ehrenreich,H., Schaebitz,W.R., Bach,A., Schneider,A. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor improves outcome in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brain 2008; 131(--):3335-3347. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, G; Sorbitol; sodium acetate buffer; tween 80; SC; Mice (transgenic); 2004; 4, 8 weeks; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by G-CSF serum concentration; replacement therapy (sciatic nerve axotomy); long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; half-life (p. 5) 4 hours in humans and rodents; brain tissue distribution; peptide; animal info (female, C57BL/6, wt, SOD1(G93A)Tg, 11 wks old); neurodegenerative (ALS); behavioral testing (rotarod test, motor performance); 0.004% Tween 80 used.

P9248 Poesen,K., Lambrechts,D., Van Damme,P., Dhondt,J., Bender,F., Frank,N., Bogaert,E., Claes,B., Heylen,L., Verheyen,A., Raes,K., Tjwa,M., Eriksson,U., Shibuya,M., Nuydens,R., Van den Bosch,L., Meert,T., D'Hooge,R., Sendtner,M., Robberecht,W., Carmeliet,P. Novel Role for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Receptor-1 and Its Ligand VEGF-B in Motor Neuron Degeneration. Journal of Neuroscience 2008; 28(-42-):10451-10459. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor-B186, recomb. mouse; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 100 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced every 25 days; no stress (see pg. 10456); stability verified by 4 weeks in mp at 37 degrees Celsius; animal info (HAN-Wistar x Sprague Dawley-hSOD1G93A, 60 days old); behavioral testing (Rotarod test); "this delivery route was chosen because previous studies demonstrated that intracerebroventricularly delivered VEGF diffuses from the CSF into the neural parenchyma, where it reaches it's target motor neurons." (p. 10456).

Q0808 Poornima,I., Brown,S.B., Bhashyam,S., Parikh,P., Bolukoglu,H., Shannon,R.P. Chronic Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Infusion Sustains Left Ventricular Systolic Function and Prolongs Survival in the Spontaneously Hypertensive, Heart Failure-Prone Rat. Circulation-Heart Failure 2008; 1(-3-):153-160. >>> Glucagon-like peptide-1; Rat; ; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (9 mo old, SHHF); long-term study; pumps replaced every 21 days; obesity; diabetes.

P9771 Roche,J.R., Sheahan,A.J., Chagas,L.M., Blache,D., Berry,D.P., Kay,J.K. Long-Term Infusions of Ghrelin and Obestatin in Early Lactation Dairy Cows. Journal of Dairy Science 2008; 91(-12-):4728-4740. >>> Ghrelin, Dap3-; obestatin; DMSO; SC; Cattle (cow); 2ML4; 8 weeks; Controls were untreated; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; long-term study; pumps replaced after 28 days; animal info (multparous); 50% DMSO used; wound clips used.

P9438 Rocksen,D., Elfsmark,D., Heldestad,V., Wallgren,K., Cassel,G., Nyberg,A.G. An animal model to study health effects during continuous low-dose exposure to the nerve agent VX. Toxicology 2008; 250(-1-):32-38. >>> VX; dye, coomassie blue; Propylene glycol 400; saline; SC; Rat; 2002; 2004; 2, 8 weeks; 26 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by coomassie blue dye in saline, absorbance measurements for 4 wks; dose-response (fig. 2); comparison of SC injections vs. mp; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 wks; no stress (see pg. 37); enzyme inhibitor (ACE).

P9683 SHAO,Y., He,M., Zhou,L., Yao,T., Huang,Y., Lu,L.M. Chronic angiotensin (1-7) injection accelerates STZ-induced diabetic renal injury. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2008; 29(-7-):829-837. >>> Angiotensin (1-7); IV (jugular); 6 weeks; Animal info (4 months old, male, Sprague Dawley, 180-210 g.); long-term study.

P8787 Sharma,U., Rhaleb,N.E., Pokharel,S., Harding,P., Rasoul,S., Peng,H.M., Carretero,O.A. Novel anti-inflammatory mechanisms of N-Acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro in hypertension-induced target organ damage. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2008; 294(-3-):H1226-H1232. >>> Angiotensin II; peptide, Ac-SDKP; Saline; acetic acid; SC; Mice; 2004; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by systolic blood pressure; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; cardiovascular; peptides; animal info (male, C57BL6/J, 12-14 wks old).

P9041 Signolet,I.L., Bousquet,P.P., Monassier,L.J.P. Improvement of cardiac Diastolic function by long-term centrally mediated sympathetic inhibition in one-kidney, one-clip hypertensive rabbits. American Journal of Hypertension 2008; 21(-1-):54-60. >>> Rilmenidine; metoprolol; SC; Rabbit; 2ML2; 6 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (New Zealand, White, 4-6 wks old, male, 0.7-0.9 kg., nephrectomized); long-term study.

P8979 Susic,D., Zhou,X.Y., Frohlich,E.D., Lippton,H., Knight,M. Cardiovascular effects of prorenin blockade in genetically spontaneously hypertensive rats on normal and high-salt diet. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2008; 295(-3-):H1117-H1121. >>> PRAM-1; Water, distilled; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 4, 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; stability verified; cardiovascular; peptides; animal info (male, SHR, 20 wks old); PRAM-1 is a custom synthesized prorenin inhibitor; "no degradation products of the peptide were observed".

P8876 Viquez,O.M., Valentine,H.L., Amarnath,K., Milatovic,D., Valentine,W.M. Copper accumulation and lipid oxidation precede inflammation and myelin lesions in N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate peripheral myelinopathy. TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY 2008; 229(-1-):77-85. >>> Diethyldithiocarbamate, sodium; IM (abdominal); Rat; 2ML4; 2, 4, 8 weeks; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume, visual inspection for blockage; long-term study; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley).

Q0578 Wu,S., Sasaki,A., Yoshimoto,R., Kawahara,Y., Manabe,T., Kataoka,K., Asashima,M., Yuge,L. Neural stem cells improve learning and memory in rats with Alzheimer's disease. PATHOBIOLOGY 2008; 75(-3-):186-194. >>> Okadaic acid; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 56 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Wistar, 270-290 g); functionality of mp verified by total infusion volume; long-term study; pumps replaced after 28 days; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's Disease); behavioral testing (Morris Water Maze Test, Open-Field Task); chronic Alzheimer's Disease animal model.