References on the Administration of Agents to Livestock Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

1. Cattle

P7044 Auchtung,T.L., Dahl,G.E. Prolactin mediates photoperiodic immune enhancement: Effects of administration of exogenous prolactin on circulating concentrations, receptor expression, and immune function in steers. Biology of Reproduction 2004; 71(-6-):1913-1918. >>> Prolactin, recomb. bovine; Saline; SC; Cattle; 2ML2; 10 days; Comparison of IV injections vs mp; no stress ( see pg. 1914); immunology; peptides; post op. care (prodine, excenel); each animal received 4 rounds of 10 day prolactin treatment (2 w/ mp, 2 IV injection) with 11 days of non treatment between each round.

P6946 Hampton,J.H., Bader,J.F., Lamberson,W.R., Smith,M.F., Youngquist,R.S., Garverick,H.A. Gonadotropin requirements for dominant follicle selection in GnRH agonist-treated cows. REPRODUCTION 2004; 127(-6-):695-703. >>> Buserelin; SC; Cattle; 2ML4; 2 months.

P6227 Davis,T.L., Mussard,M.L., Jimenez-Severiano,H., Enright,W.J., Kinder,J.E. Chronic treatment with an agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone enhances luteal function in cattle. Biology of Reproduction 2003; 69(-2-):398-403. >>> Azagly-NaFarelin; Sodium Chloride; SC; Cattle; 2ML2; 2ML4; 9, 18 days; Controls received no treatment; replacement therapy (ovariectomy); agent is a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist.

P5812 Jimenez-Severiano,H., D'Occhio,M.J., Lunstra,D.D., Mussard,M.L., Koch,J.W., Ehnis,L.R., Enright,W.J., Kinder,J.E. Effect of chronic treatment with the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist azagly-nafarelin on basal concentrations of LH in prepubertal bulls. REPRODUCTION 2003; 125(-2-):225-232. >>> Azagly-Nafarelin; Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist; Mannitol; water, distilled; SC; Cattle (Bull); 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by blood samples taken; dose-response (p.227); Azagly-Nafarelin (GnRH agonist) was dissolved in 5% mannitol in water.

P5097 Garverick,H.A., Baxter,G., Gong,J., Armstrong,D.G., Campbell,B.K., Gutierrez,C.G., Webb,R. Regulation of expression of ovarian mRNA encoding steroidogenic enzymes and gonadotrophin receptors by FSH and GH in hypogonadotrophic cattle. REPRODUCTION 2002; 123(--):651-661. >>> Buserelin; SC; cattle; 2ML4; 7.5 weeks; long-term study, pmps replaced after 28 days; buserelin is a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist; multiple pumps per animal (2).

P4752 Mann,G.E, Lamming,G.E. Effect of continuous infusioin of a GNRH agonist (Buserelin) on ovarian hormone secretion and estrous cycle length in cows.. Theriogenology 2000; 54(--):219-227. >>> Buserelin;; SC;; cattle (lactating);; 2ML2;; 30 days;; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume; pumps replaced at Day 16; multiple pumps per animal (2) used at once; Buserelin is a GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone)..

P4160 Turner,N.D., Byers,F.M., Kenison,D.C. Plasma kinetics of zeranol in steers receiving variable doses in implant or mini-osmotic pump form. Unknown 1999; (--):71-75. >>> Zeranol; Water; cattle (steer); 56 days; comparison of pellets vs. mp; long-term study, pumps replaced after 28 days.

P3692 Gong,J.G., Campbell,B.K., Bramley,T.A., Gutierrez,C.G., Peters,A.R., Webb,R. Suppression in the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and ovarian follicle development in heifers continuously infused with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Biol.Reprod. 1996; 55(--):68-74. >>> Buserelin; SC; cattle; 2ML4; 48 days; controls received no treatment; long-term study, pumps replaced after 28 days; agent is a GnRH agonist; pumps replaced in opposite shoulder than original placement; researchers compare mp w/ injections from previous study (p. 72).

P3546 Roh,S-G., Matsunaga,N., Hidaka,S., Hidari,H. Characteristics of growth hormone secretion responsiveness to growth hormone-releasing peptide-2 (GHRP-2 or KP102) in calves. Endocrine J. 1996; 43(-3-):291-298. >>> Growth hormone-rel. factor-2; DMSO; PEG 400; Tween 80; Saline; SC; cattle; 2ML2; 14 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; agent also called KP102; multiple pumps per animal (3 or 4); comparison between injections vs. mp.

P3799 Turner,N.D., Byers,F.M., Kenison,D.C. Metabolic and hormonal changes occurring in response to level and pattern of zeranol delivered to steers. J.Anim.Sci. 1995; 73(-1-):65-70. >>> Zeranol; cattle; 1,2,4,8 days; no comment posted.

P2910 Oliver,J.W., Linnabary,R.D., Abney,L.K., van Manen,K.R., Knoop,R., Adair III,H.S. Evaluation of a dosing method for studying ergonovine effects in cattle. Am.J.Vet.Res. 1994; 55(-1-):173-176. >>> Ergonovine, maleate; SC; cattle; 2ML2; 12 days; controls received mp with saline; functionality of mp verified by serum levels; dose-response (graph pg. 174); toxicology; "The results confirm use of this animal dosing method to study biological effects...without bioavailability concerns"; multiple pumps per animal (2-3)for dosing; ergovine is an ergot alkaloid.

P3186 Grasselli,F., Baratta,M., Tamanini,C. Effects of a GnRH analogue (buserelin) infused via osmotic minipumps on pituitary and ovarian activity of prepubertal heifers. Anim.Reprod.Sci. 1993; 32(--):153-161. >>> Buserelin; SC; cattle; 2ML2; 12 days; no comment posted.

P3000 Dawson,J.M., Essex,C.P., Walsh,A., Beever,D.E., Gill,M., Buttery,P.J. Effect of fish-meal supplementation and B-agonist administration on adipose tissue metabolism in steers given silage. Anim.Prod. 1993; 57(--):397-406. >>> Cimaterol; SC; cattle; 2ML4; 6 weeks; controls received mp w/ buffer; long-term study, pumps replaced every 24 days; cimaterol is a B-adrenergic agonist.

P2924 Ronayne,E., Enright,W.J., Roche,J.F. Effects of continuous administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or a potent GnRH analogue on blood luteinizing hormone and testosterone concentrations in prepubertal bulls. Domest.Anim.Endocrinol. 1993; 10(-3-):179-189. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Leuprolide acetate; Saline; SC; cattle; 2ML4; 28,56 days; controls received mp with vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; long-term study, pumps replaced at 28 days; peptides.

P2354 Lutz,S.L., Smith,M.F., Keisler,D.H., Garverick,H.A. Effect of constant infusion of oxytocin on luteal lifespan and oxytocin-induced release of prostaglandin F2-a in heifers. Domest.Anim.Endocrinol. 1991; 8(-4-):573-585. >>> Oxytocin; Saline; SC; cattle; 2ML2; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by RIA analysis of plasma levels; comparison of jugular infusion by computer-controlled pump; peptides.

P1763 Wubishet,A., Kesler,D.J., Graves,C.N., Spahr,S.L., Favero,R.J. Preovulatory LH profiles of superovulated cows and progesterone concentrations at embryo recovery. Theriogenology 1991; 35(-2-):451-457. >>> Follicle stimulating hormone; SC; cattle; 7 days; no comment posted.

P4142 Dodson,S.E., McLeod,B.J., Lamming,G.E., Peters,A.R. Ovulatory responses to continuous administration of GnRH in nine-month-old prepubertal beef heifers. Anim.Reprod.Sci. 1990; 22(--):271-280. >>> Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone; Saline, sterile; SC; cattle; 2ML2; no duration posted; comparison of pellets vs. mp; "the consistent ovulatory response recorded in heifers treated with osmotic minipumps demonstrates the importance of administering GnRH at a constant and controlled rate" (p. 271); peptides.

P1947 Newton,G.R., Martinod,S., Hansen,P.J., Thatcher,W.W., Siegenthaler,B., Gerber,C., Voirol,M.-J. Effect of bovine interferon on acute changes in body temperature and serum progesterone concentration in heifers. J.Dairy Sci. 1990; 73(--):3439-3448. >>> Interferon-a1; cattle; 2ML1; 5 days; peptides; serum IFN-a levels (p. 3445).

P1707 Kimler,B.F., Martin,D.F., Evans,R.G., Morantz,R.A., Vats,T.S. Combination of radiation therapy and intercranial bleomycin in the 9L rat brain tumor model. Int.J.Radiat.Oncol.Biol.Phys. 1990; 18(--):1115-1121. >>> Bleomycin; CSF/CNS (intratumoral); cattle; rat; 2001; 2002; 7, 14 days; Antibiotic; controls received pumps with saline only; tissue perfusion (tumor); dose-response (graph, p. 1117); comparison of ip injections vs. mp.

P1666 McVey,W.R., Williams,G.L. Effects of temporary calf removal and osmotic pump delivery of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on synchronized estrus, conception to a timed artificial insemination and gonadotropin secretion in norgestomet-estradiol valerate-treated cattle. Theriogenology 1989; 32(-6-):969-978. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Potassium phosphate; SC; cattle; 2001; 6, 7 days; pump placed s.c. in ear.

P1621 Nickerson,S.C., Baker,P.A., Trinidad,P. Local immunostimulation of the bovine mammary gland with interleukin-2. J.Dairy Sci. 1989; 72(--):1764-1773. >>> Interleukin-2; Water; mammary gland; cattle; 2 weeks; tissue perfusion; stress/adverse reaction some local mechanical damage (see pg. 1772); peptides; bovine IL-2 used.

P1576 Naito,Y., Goff,J.P., Horst,R.L., Reinhardt,T.A. Effects of continuous administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on plasma minerals and unoccupied colon mucosal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor concentrations. J.Dairy Sci. 1989; 72(--):2936-2941. >>> Vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxy-; Propylene glycol; SC; cattle; 2ML1; 7 days; functionality of mp verified by measuring plasma vit. D levels; discusses comparison of IM injections vs. mp; states pump effectively maintained plasma conc. throughout (p. 2939), states conc. achieved via pump may improve vit. D3 therapy for preventing p.

P1501 D'Occhio,M.J., Gifford,D.R., Earl,C.R., Weatherly,T., von Rechenberg,W. Pituitary and ovarian responses of post-partum acyclic beef cows to continuous long-term GnRH and GnRH agonist treatment. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1989; 85(--):495-502. >>> Buserelin; Luteinizing HRH; SC; cattle; 2ML4; 4, 8, 12, 16, 28 days; dose-response; multiple pumps per animal (1 or 2) depending upon dose; functionality of mp verified indirectly by plasma levels; peptides.

P1189 Lamming,G.E., McLeod,B.J. Continuous infusion of GnRH reduces the LH response to an intravenous GnRH injection but does not inhibit endogenous LH secretion in cows. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1989; 82(--):237-245. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; cattle; 2ML2; 14 days; pump primed 10 hours before implant; bolus iv injections given the day before and 14th day of GnRH infusion; functionality of mp verified by incubation in vitro for 15 hours after removal; peptides.

P1492 Wheaton,J.E., Al-Raheem,S.N., Godfredson,J.A., Dorn,J.M., Wong,E.A., Vale,W., Rivier,J., Mowles,T.F., Heimer,E.P., Felix,A.M. Use of osmotic pumps for subcutaneous infusion of growth hormone-releasing factors in steers and wethers. J.Anim.Sci. 1988; 66(--):2876-2895. >>> 4SG-29; RO-23-7863; Growth hormone-rel. factor; DMSO; Water; SC; cattle; sheep; 2002; 2ML1; 7 days; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; peptides.

P1373 Soll,M., Carmichael,I., Gross,S. Control of induced infestations of adult ambylomma hebraeum with sustained release ivermectin. Onderspoort J.Vet.Res. 1987; 54(--):17-20. >>> Ivermectin; PO (intraruminal); cattle; 2ML4; no duration posted; veterinary application.

P1064 Battista,P.J., Poff,J.P., Deaver,D.R., Condon,W.A. Biogenic amine regulation of bovine luteal progesterone production in vivo. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1987; 80(-2-):517-522. >>> Epinephrine, l-; Norepinephrine, l-; Serotonin; Saline; SC; cattle; 72 hours; Pump model not stated; concomitant infusion of agents; comparison of agents effects.

P0931 Egerton,J.R., Suhayda,D., Eary,C.H. Prophylaxis of nematode infections in cattle with an indwelling rumino-reticular ivermectin sustained release bolus. Vet.Parasitol. 1986; 22(--):67-75. >>> Ivermectin; PO (intraruminal); cattle; 2ML4; no duration posted; controls received mp w/vehicle; RUTS prototype; micellular vehicle; mp cont. within a stainless steel bolus with AM radio transmitter; functionality of mp verified.

P0867 Skaggs,C.L., Able,B.V., Stevenson,J.S. Pulsatile or continuous infusion of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and hormonal concentrations in prepubertal beef heifers. J.Anim.Sci. 1986; 62(--):1034-1048. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; cattle; 2ML1; 4 days; controls were untreated; dose-response; half-life data for FSH; comparison of ip injections vs. mp infusion; peptides.

P0858 Wubishet,A., Graves,C.N., Spahr,S.L., Kesler,D.J. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of follicle stimulating hormone as a method of superovulating dairy cows. Theriogenology 1986; 25(-6-):809-812. >>> Follicle stimulating hormone; Saline; SC; cattle; 2ML1; 7 days; comparison of im injections vs. mp infusion; peptides.

P0831 von Rechenberg,W., Sandow,J., Klatt,P. Effect of long-term infusion of an LH-releasing hormone agonist on testicular function in bulls. J.Endocrinol. 1986; 109(--):R9-R11. >>> Buserelin; SC; cattle; 2ML4; 21-22 days; mp replaced after 21 days; mps primed in saline 18 hours prior to implant; multiple pumps per animal (2); functionality (pump rates) calculated upon removal; peptides.

R0060 Pope,D.G. Osmotic systems in veterinary medicine. Presented at the Pharm Tech '85 Conference Symposium: 'Osmotic Dosage Form Technology 1985; (--):-. >>> Ivermectin; Saline; PO (intraruminal); SC; cattle; 2ML4; 24 days; plasma levels of ivermectin determined; dose-ranging studies; states preliminary pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies done with mp are advantageous for development of drug delivery systems.

P0776 Pope,D.G. Osmotic systems in veterinary medicine. Presented at the Pharm Tech '85 Conference Symposium: 'Osmotic Dosage Form Technology 1985; (--):-. >>> Ivermectin; Saline; PO (intraruminal); SC; cattle; 2ML4; no duration posted; dose-response (plasma levels); mp connected to Laby's devices; micelle formulation; mp placed in stainless steel cage fitted w/ radiotransmitter.

P0696 Pope,D.G., Wilkinson,P.K., Egerton,J.R., Conroy,J. Oral controlled-release delivery of ivermectin in cattle via an osmotic pump. J.Pharm.Sci. 1985; 74(-10-):1108-1110. >>> Ivermectin; PO (intraruminal); cattle; 2ML4; 35 days; pumps were specially weighted with stainless steel case and attached to a radiotransmitter: ivermectin was in a micellar solution; dose-response data; RUTS development.

P0609 Kath,G.S., Egerton,J.R., Geiger,R. Indwelling rumino-reticulum bolus radio beacon. Am.J.Vet.Res. 1985; 46(-1-):136-137. >>> ; PO (intraruminal); cattle; 2ML4; no duration posted; may be RUTS prototype; mp encased in stainless steel tube with holes&radio transmitter; agents&length of time mp used not specified; exp. lasted 3 months.

P0510 Peters,A.R. Luteolysis in cows using the prostaglandin F2a analogue, tiaprost, and the effect of mode of administration. Vet.Rec. 1984; 114(--):418-421. >>> Tiaprost; SC; cattle; 2001; no duration posted; comparison of sc injec vs. injec&mp vs. mp infusion; author states no adverse reactions to treatment - no stress p. 421.

R0045 Miller,J.A., Drummond,R.O., Oehler,D.D. A sustained release ivermectin implant for livestock pest control. In 'Controlled Release Delivery Systems,' T.J.Roseman and S.Z.Mansdorf (eds.), Marcel Dekker, NY 1983; (-Ch. 15-):223-236. >>> Ivermectin; Glycerol; Propylene glycol; SC; cattle; 1701; 5 weeks; implanted drug pellets or 2 pumps/steer (used as standard to gauge release from pellets).

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2. Horses

R0209 Rothen-Weinhold,A., Dahn,M., Gurny,R. Formulation and technology aspects of controlled drug delivery in animals. PSTT 2000; 3(-7-):222-231. >>> Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone; Cat; horse; .

P8916 Collins,S.M., Zieba,D.A., Williams,G.L. Continuous administration of low-dose GnRH in mares II. Pituitary and ovarian responses to uninterrupted treatment beginning near the autumnal equinox and continuing throughout the anovulatory season. Theriogenology 2007; 68(-4-):673-681. >>> Gonadotropin-releasing hormone; Saline, physiological; SC; Horse; 2004; 120 days; Controls received sham pumps; long-term study; pumps replaced every 30 days; animal info (mare, 18 mo to 24 years); pumps were disinfected using chlorhexidine gluconate, sham pumps were made from silicon tubing filled with medical grade silicone adhesive to approximate the size of the ALZET pumps, then cold-sterilized (similar to pumps) before surgical insertion.

P3967 Wheeler,S.E., Fitzgerald,B.P. Prolactin concentrations are not suppressed in mares administered constant exogenous melatonin. J.Equine Vet.Sci. 1998; 18(-1-):44-47. >>> Melatonin; Saline; DMSO; SC; horse; 12 weeks; controls received mp w/vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum assays on days 5, 26 and 59; long-term study, pumps replaced every 28 days.

P3241 Becker,S.E., Johnson,A.L. Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone infused in a pulsatile or continuous fashion on serum gonadotropin concentrations and ovulation in the mare. J.Anim.Sci. 1992; 70(--):1208-1215. >>> Luteinizing HRH; IV (jugular); horse; 2ML1; 7-16 days; controls received no treatment; functionality of mp verified by LH plasma levels; comparison of iv pulsatile infusion vs. mp; peptides.

P3029 Vanderwall,D.K., Woods,G.L., Weber,J.A., Lichtenwalner,A.B. Corpus luteal function in nonpregnant mares following intrauterine administration of prostaglandin E2 or estradiol-17B. Theriogenology 1994; 42(--):1069-1083. >>> Prostaglandin E2; Estradiol, 17B-; Ethanol; PBS; intrauterine; horse; 2001; 7 days; controls received no treatment or mp with vehicle; tissue perfusion (uterine horn lumen); no stress (see pg. 1078); benzathine penicillin-G given prophylactically.

P2503 Hyland,J.H. Uses of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) and its analogues for advancing the breeding season in the mare. Anim.Reprod.Sci. 1993; 33(--):195-207. >>> Luteinizing HRH; SC; horse; 2ML2; 2ML4; 14 or 28 days; comprehensive review of other GnRH induced estrous studies (pp. 198-199).

P2350 Little,T.V., Card,C.E., Concannon,P.W. Ovarian and hormonal responses in anoestrous mares to a GnRH agonist: a comparison of injections with osmotic minipump delivery. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1991; 44(--):680-682. >>> Wy-40972; Saline; SC; horse; 2002; 14 days; controls received saline injections; functionality of mp verified by LH RIA; comparison of i.m. injections vs mp; pumps inserted via trochar; Wy-40972 is lutrelin.

P2223 Boyle,M.S., Skidmore,J., Zhang,J., Cox,J.E. The effects of continuous treatment of stallions with high levels of a potent GnRH analogue. J.Reprod.Fertil., Suppl. 1991; 44(--):169-182. >>> Buserelin; SC; horse; 28 days; functionality of mp verified by dissection; animals received 1-2 pumps.

P2042 Lowis,T.C., Hyland,J.H. The effect of an extended artificial photoperiod and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone infusions in inducing fertile oestrus in anoestrous mares. Aust.Vet.J. 1991; 68(-12-):400-402. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; horse; 28 days; peptides.

P1984 Ainsworth,C.G.V., Hyland,J.H. Continuous infusion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) advances the onset of oestrous cycles in thoroughbred mares on Australian studfarms. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1991; 44(--):235-240. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; horse; 2ML4; 28 days; peptides.

P1491 Kesler,D.J., Cruz,L.C., Sargent,G.F., McKenzie,J.A. The effect of constant delivery of GnRH on the episodic secretion of equine LH. J.Controlled Release 1988; 8(--):55-61. >>> Luteinizing HRH; SC; horse; 2001; 6 days; functionality of mp verified in vitro; peptides.

P1322 Hyland,J.H., Jeffcott,L.B. Control of transitional anestrus in mares by infusion of gonadotropin releasing hormone. Theriogenology 1988; 29(-6-):1383-1391. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; horse; 2ML4; 28 days; peptides.

P1134 Hyland,J.H., Wright,P.J., Clarke,I.J., Carson,R.S., Langsford,D.A., Jeffcott,L.B. Infusion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) induces ovulation and fertile oestrus in mares during seasonal anoestrus. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1987; 35(--):211-220. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; horse; 2ML4; 28 days; controls remained untreated; dose-response; infusion of GnRH via mp did not produce linear plasma increaes, possibly because of stability of GnRH in solution or pooling at implant site; peptides.

P1131 Kesler,D.J., Cruz,L.C., McKenzie,J.A. Constant delivery of GnRH to infertile or subfertile females with hypothalamic-pituitary axes that release hormones in episodic bursts. Proc.14th Int'l Symp.on Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials 1987; (--):47-48. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Potassium phosphate; SC; horse; 2001; 7 days; controls receive mp w/ vehicle; dose-response; mp primed 4 hours before implant; 2 experiments using mp; progestrin silastic implants used concomitantly with GnRH; peptides.

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3. Pig

R0231 Freedman,S.B., Isner,J.M. Therapeutic angiogenesis for coronary artery disease. Ann.Intern.Med. 2002/1/1; 136(-1-):54-71. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor; Periadventitial; Pig; 3,4 weeks; Replacement therapy (coronary ligation); cardiovascular; ischemia (cardiac); review, pg. 59.

R0222 Ng,Y.S, D'Amore,P.A. Therapeutic angiogenesis for cardiovascular disease. Current Controlled Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine 2001; 2(-6-):278-285. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor; Pig; ; Cardiovascular; peptides; MRI; ALZET pumps mentioned on pg. 279.

R0158 Laham,R.J., Hung,D., Simons,M. Therapeutic myocardial angiogenesis using percutaneous intrapericardial drug delivery. Clin.Cardiol. 1999/1; 22(-1 Suppl 1-):I6-I9. >>> Fibroblast growth factor, basic; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Heparin; Intrapericardial space; Perivascular (coronary circumflex artery); Rabbit; Pig; ; Cardiovascular; peptides; review of various models of intrapericardial drug administration; 50 units of heparin.

P9115 Tang,S., Machaalani,R., Waters,K.A. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and TrkB in the piglet brainstem after post-natal nicotine and intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia. Brain Research 2008; 1232(-;-):195-205. >>> Nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt; Water, sterile; IP; Pig; 2ML2; 13 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, female, piglet, mixed breed).

P8836 Nichols,T.C., Busby,WH Jr, Merricks,E., Sipos,J., Rowland,M., Sitko,K., Clemmons,D.R. Protease-resistant insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-Binding protein-4 inhibits IGF-I actions and neointimal expansion in a porcine model of neointimal hyperplasia. Endocrinology 2007; 148(-10-):5002-5010. >>> Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4; Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4, mutated; Insulin-like growth factor I, recomb. human; PBS; IA (carotid); IA (femoral); Pig; 21 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; peptides; animal info (male, female, spotted Poland/China, 12 months old); protease resistant mutant form of IGFBP-4.

P8833 Boodhwani,M., Voisine,P., Rue,M., Sodha,N.R., Feng,J., Xu,S.H., Bianchi,C., Settke,F.W. Comparison of vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-2 in a swine model of endothelial dysfunction. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery 2008; 33(-4-):645-650. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor 165, recomb. human; Heparin; Intramyocardial; Pig (miniswine); 2ML4; 4 weeks; Tissue perfusion (myocardial); half-life (p. 649) "short"; cardiovascular; peptides; ischemia (cardiac); animal info (Yucatan mini-swine, 20-30 kg.).

P8680 Joyce,M.M., Burghardt,R.C., Geisert,R.D., Burghardt,J.R., Hooper,R.N., Ross,J.W., Ashworth,M.D., Johnson,G.A. Pig conceptuses secrete estrogen and interferons to differentially regulate uterine STAT1 in a temporal and cell type-specific manner. Endocrinology 2007; 148(-9-):4420-4431. >>> Conceptus secretory proteins, porcine; Intrauterine; Pig; 2ML1; ; Controls received mp w/ albumin, porcine serum; tissue perfusion (uterus); good methods p. 4421; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female).

P8579 Eskild-Jensen,A., Paulsen,L.F., Wogensen,L., Olesen,P., Pedersen,L., Frokiaer,J., Nyengaard,J.R. AT1 receptor blockade prevents interstitial and glomerular apoptosis but not fibrosis in pigs with neonatal induced partial unilateral ureteral obstruction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2007/6; 292(-6-):F1771-F1781. >>> Candesartan; Saline, physiological; Na2C03; SC; Pig; 2ML1; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ isotonic saline; no stress (see pg. F1774); animal info (female, Danish Landrace, 23 days old, partial left ureter obstruction); renal physiology.

P8536 Joyce,M.M., Burghardt,J.R., Burghardt,R.C., Hooper,R.N., Jaeger,L.A., Spencer,T.E., Bazer,F.W., Johnson,G.A. Pig conceptuses increase uterine interferon-regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), but restrict expression to stroma through estrogen- induced IRF2 in luminal epithelium. Biology of Reproduction 2007; 77(-2-):292-302. >>> Conceptus secretory proteins, porcine; Albumin, porcine serum; dye, india ink; PBS; Intrauterine (uterine horn); Pig; 2ML1; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ PSA; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, pseudopregnant); india ink used to confirm agent distribution in uterus; tissue perfusion (uterine horn).

P8496 Sun,Z.Y., Rafferty,K.L., Egbert,M.A., Herring,S.W. Masticatory mechanics of a mandibular distraction osteogenesis site: Interfragmentary micromovement. Bone 2007; 41(-2-):188-196. >>> Amikacin; Sub-masseteric tunnel; Pig; 2ML2; 14 days; Bone healing; x-ray image showing pump adjacent to mandible bone (p. 189); pump positioned near mandible bone to deliver antibiotics for infection control; tissue perfusion (sub-masseteric tunnel).

P8483 Say,M., Machaalani,R., Waters,K.A. Changes in serotoninergic receptors 1A and 2A in the piglet brainstem after intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia (IHH) and nicotine. Brain Res. 2007/6/4; 1152(--):17-26. >>> Nicotine; Water, sterile; IP; Pig (neonate); 2ML2; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; SIDS; animal info (mini-piglet; 0-2 days old).

P8207 Machaalani,R., Waters,K.A. Postnatal nicotine and/or intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia effects on apoptotic markers in the developing piglet brainstem medulla. Neuroscience 2006; 142(-1-):107-117. >>> Nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt; Water, sterile; IP; Pig (neonate); 2ML2; 11-13 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum cotinine; no stress (see p.109); animal info (mixed-breed miniature piglet, 2 days old, male, female, 1.2 kg).

P8182 Eskild-Jensen,A., Thomsen,K., Rungo,C., Ferreira,L.S., Paulsen,L.F., Rawashdeh,Y.F., Nyengaard,J.R., Nielsen,S., Djurhuus,J.C., Frokiaer,J. Glomerular and tubular function during AT1 receptor blockade in pigs with neonatal induced partial ureteropelvic obstruction. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 2006; 292(-3-):921-929. >>> Candesartan; Saline, physiological; SC; Pig (neonate); 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. F923); animal info (female, Danish Landrace; 2, 23 days old); congenital urinary tract obstruction model.

P8176 Radeloff,A., Smolders,J.W.T. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor treatment does not improve functional recovery after hair cell regeneration in the pigeon. Acta Oto-laryngologica 2006; 126(-5-):452-459. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; albumin, chicken; Hank's solution; Ear (scala tympani); Bird (pigeon); 2002; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or no treatment to contralateral ear; long-term study; pumps replaced every 14 days; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; animal info (Columba livia, 6 months old, 320-580 grams); deafening of both ears; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P8163 Boodhwani,M., Mieno,S., Voisine,P., Feng,J., Sodha,N., Li,J., Sellke,F.W. High-dose atorvastatin is associated with impaired myocardial angiogenesis in response to vascular endothelial growth factor in hypercholesterolemic swine. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006; 132(-6-):1299-1306. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor 165, recomb. human; Heparin; Perivascular (circumflex coronary artery); Mini-pig; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Cardiovascular; peptides; ischemia (cardiac); animal info (male, female, yucatan, 20-30 kg, 23 weeks old).

P7813 Heffernan,D., Dudley,B., McNeil,P.L., Howdieshell,T.R. Local arginine supplementation results in sustained wound nitric oxide production and reductions in vascular endothelial growth factor expression and granulation tissue formation. Journal of Surgical Research 2006; 133(-1-):46-54. >>> Arginine, L-; Saline; Wound site; Pig; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; animal info (female, domestic, Landrace, 15-20kg., hernia defect); tubing was looped and contained multiple side holes to ensure uniform delivery within the aqueous wound compartment; ultrasonography.

P7481 Morton,A.C., Arnold,N.D., Gunn,J., Varcoe,R., Francis,S.E., Dower,S.K., Crossman,D.C. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist alters the response to vessel wall injury in a porcine coronary artery model. Cardiovascular Research 2005; 68(-3-):493-501. >>> Interleukin -1 receptor antagonist, recomb. human; Saline, normal; SC; Pig; 2ML2; 14-18, 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality verified by agent plasma levels; pumps replaced at day 14; no stress (see pg. 495); cardiovascular; multiple pumps per animal (3); animal info (Yorkshire white); mp primed; mp implanted sc in groin crease.

P7198 Machaalani,R., Waters,K.A., Tinworth,K.D. Effects of postnatal nicotine exposure on apoptotic markers in the developing piglet brain. Neuroscience 2005; 132(-2-):325-333. >>> Nicotine hydrogen tartrate salt; water, sterile; IP; Pig (neonate); 2ML2; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by cotinine levels in serum and urine; no stress (see pg. 326); post op. care (cephalexin).

P6331 Liu,M.W., Anderson,P.G., Luo,J.F., Roubin,G.S. Local Delivery of Ethanol Inhibits Intimal Hyperplasia in Pig Coronary Arteries After Balloon Injury. Circulation 1997; 96(-7-):2295-2301. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; SC; Pig; 4, 8, 14 days.

P6329 Hong,M.K., Kent,K.M., Mehran,R., Mintz,G.S., Tio,F.O., Foegh,M., Wong,S.C., Cathapermal,S.S., Leon,M.B. Continuous Subcutaneous Angiopeptin Treatment Significantly Reduces Neointimal Hyperplasia in a Porcine Coronary In-Stent Restenosis Model. Circulation 1997; 95(-2-):449-454. >>> Angiopeptin; SC; Pig; 2ML1; 1 week; Controls received saline via catheter; comparison of dispatch catheter (30 min.); stability verified by plasma levels; good methods p.450; cardiovascular; post op. care (aspirin, ticlopidine); "continuous subcutaneous angiopeptin treatment was the optimal mode of angiopeptin therapy + resulted in maximal reduction in neointimal hyperplasia after stent implantation" (p.452).

P5861 Scheinowitz,M., Heled,Y., Chouraqui,P., Vered,Z., Hayardeni,Y., Kotlyar,A., Castel,D., Livschitz,S., Barak,V., Savion,N., Eldar,M. Dalteparin sodium (Fragminâ) administration following acute infarction does not affect myocardial perfusion and function in swine. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy 2002; 16(-4-):303-309. >>> Dalteparin sodium; albumin; IP; Pig; 2ML1; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ albumin; functionality of mp verified by blood samples taken; multiple pumps per animal (2); Dalteparin sodium (Fragminâ) is a low molecular weight heparin derivative.

P5561 Kraeling,R.R., Johnson,B., Barb,C.R., Rampacek,G.B. Evidence for a luteinizing hormone surge center in the hypothalamus of the pig. Biol.Reprod. 1998/5; 58(-5-):1199-1205. >>> Estradiol benozoate; Polypropylene glycol; SC; Pig; 2ML2; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels (Fig. 3, p. 1201); 2ML2 pumps deliver 120 ul per day, not 2ML per day as mentioned in paper.

P5303 Nichols,T.C., du,Laney T., Zheng,B., Bellinger,D.A., Nickols,G.A., Engleman,W., Clemmons,D.R. Reduction in atherosclerotic lesion size in pigs by alphaVbeta3 inhibitors is associated with inhibition of insulin-like growth factor- I-mediated signaling. Circ.Res 1999/11/26; 85(-11-):1040-1045. >>> SC-69000; SC-65811; IA (carotid, femoral); Pig; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; peptides; agents are aVb3 receptor inhibitors; diagram of pump placement on p.1041.

P5198 Dunshea,F.R., Chung,C.S., Owens,P.C., Ballard,J.F., Walton,P.E. Insulin-like growth factor-I and analogues increase growth in artificially-reared neonatal pigs. Br.J Nutr. 2002/6; 87(-6-):587-593. >>> Insulin-like growth factor I; Insulin-like growth factor I, LR3-; Acetic acid; SC; Pig (neonate); 2001; 8,9 or 18 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality verified by plasma levels; pumps replaced after 8 or 9 days; peptides;.

P4889 Fusani,L., Gahr,M., Hutchison,J.B. Aromatase inhibition reduces specifically one display of the ring dove courtship behavior. General and Comparative Endocrinology 2001; 122(--):23-30. >>> Fadrozole; Saline; SC; bird (pigeon); 1007D; 6 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma androgen and estrogen levels, residual volume; enzyme inhibitor; fadrozole is a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor; plasma androstenedione, 5a-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, estrone, 17B -estradiol level:. Aromatase operates on these compounds, indicates aromatase activity..

P4717 Hausman,G.J., Richardson,R.L, Simmen,F.A. Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) before and during the hormone sensitive period of adipose tisue development in the fetal pig.. Growth, Development, and Aging 2000; 64(--):51-67. >>> Growth hormone, recomb. porcine;; pig (fetus);; ; Functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy); teratology; peptides; pellets used for thyroxine administration..

P4487 Fhölenhag,K, Malmöf,K, Skottner,A, Nyberg,F. Effects of human growth hormone on the porto-arterial concentration differences of glucose and amino acids in the newborn piglet.. Horm.Metab.Res. 1999; 31(--):22-26. >>> Growth hormone, recomb. human;; PBS;; IP;; pig (neonate);; 2ML1;; 7 days;; controls received mp w/vehicle; peptides;.

P4468 Qian,H, Barb,C.R, Compton,M.M, Hausman,G.J., Azain,M.J., Kraeling,R.R, Baile,C.A. Leptin mRNA expression and serum leptin concentrations as influenced by age, weight, and estradiol in pigs.. Domest.Anim.Endocrinol. 1999; 16(-2-):135-143. >>> Estradiol benzoate;; Polypropylene glycol;; SC;; pig;; 2ML2;; 7 days;; controls received mp w/vehicle;.

P4246 Giladi,I., Goldstein,D.L., Pinshow,B., Gerstberger,R. Renal function and plasma levels of arginine vasotocin during free flight in pigeons. J.Exp.Biol. 1997; 200(--):3203-3211. >>> PEG; 3H tracer; Radio-isotopes; IP; bird (pigeon); 1007D; 2001; 7 days; no comment posted.

P4054 Clair,M.J., Krombach,R.S., Coker,M.L., Heslin,T.L., Kribbs,S.B., de Gasparo,M., Spinale,F.G. Angiotensin AT1 receptor inhibition in pacing induced heart failure: effects on left ventricular myocardial collagen content and composition. J.Mol.Cell.Cardiology 1998; 30(--):2355-2364. >>> Valsartan; IP; pig; 2ML1; no duration posted; controls received sham operation; angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist; antihypertensive; cardiovascular.

P3925 Schoknecht,P.A., Ebner,S., Skottner,A., Burrin,D.G., Davis,T.A., Ellis,K., Pond,W.G. Exogenous insulin-like growth factor-I increases weight gain in intrauterine growth-retarded neonatal pigs. Pediatr.Res. 1997; 42(-2-):201-207. >>> Insulin-like growth factor I; Saline; Acetic acid; SC; pig (neonate); 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by plasma assays; peptides; recomb. human IGF-I used.

P3917 Hutson,J.M., Watts,L.M., Farmer,P.J. Congenital undescended testes in neonatal pigs and the effect of exogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide. J.Urol. 1998; 159(--):1025-1028. >>> Calcitonin gene-related peptide; scrotal; pig (neonate); 2002; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/PBS; tissue perfusion (undescended testes); replacement therapy (cryptorchidism); dose-response; peptides; "Injection of excess CGRP into the scrotum may delay descent...the pig model has overcome some of these difficulties as the osmotic pump allowed precise, continuous release of low levels of CGRP." (pg. 1027);"Inguinal testes moved closer to the osmotic pumps containing CGRP...(while) CGRP injections into the scrotum in neonatal mice actually inhibited descent rather than promoting it." (pg. 1027).

P3811 Hong,M.K., Kent,K.M., Tio,F.O., Foegh,M., Kornowski,R., Bramwell,O., Cathapermal,S.S., Leon,M.B. Single-dose intramuscular administration of sustained-release angiopeptin reduces neointimal hyperplasia in a porcine coronary in-stent restenosis model. Coronary Artery Disease 1997; 8(--):101-104. >>> Angiopeptin; SC; pig; 1 week; functionality of mp verified by plasma angiopeptin levels; comparison of im sustained release injections vs mp; cardiovascular.

P3782 Prelusky,D.B. Effect of intraperitoneal infusion of deoxynivalenol on feed consumption and weight gain in the pig. Natural Toxins 1997; 5(--):121-125. >>> Deoxynivalenol; IP; pig; 1007D; 7 days; controls received mp w/saline; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; dose-response; agent also called vomitoxin.

P3670 Brussow,K-P., Torner,H., Ratky,J., Schneider,F., Kanitz,W., Kochling,W. Aspects of follicular development and intrafollicular oocyte maturation in gilts. Reprod.Dom.Anim. 1996; 31(--):555-563. >>> Follicle stimulating hormone, porcine; pig; 2ML1; 7 days; controls received mp w/ saline.

P3458 Lopez,J.J., Simons,M. Local extravascular growth factor delivery in myocardial ischemia. Drug Delivery 1996; 3(--):143-147. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor; Heparin; Saline, sterile;; perivascular (circumflex artery adventitia); pig; 2ML2; 4 weeks; tissue perfusion (adventitia); peptides; pumps placed inside chest wall; cardiovascular; ischemia (cardiac).

P3411 Harada,K., Friedman,M., Lopez,J.J., Wang,S.Y., Li,J., Prasad,P.V., Pearlman,J.D., Edelman,E.R., Sellke,F.W., Simons,M. Vascular endothelial growth factor administration in chronic myocardial ischemia. Am.J.Physiol.(Heart Circ.Physiol.39) 1996; 270(--):H1791-H1802. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor; Saline; Heparin; perivascular (circumflex coronary artery); pig; 2ML4; 4 weeks; controls received vehicle infusion; tissue perfusion (adventitia of coronary artery); peptides; ischemia (cardiac); 250 U/ml of heparin.

P3143 Lee,K.J., Andrejuk,T., Dziuban Jr,S.W., Goldfarb,R.D. Deleterious effects of buthionine sulfoximine on cardiac function during continuous endotoxemia. P.S.E.B.M. 1995; 209(--):178-184. >>> Endotoxin, s. enteritidis; IV (jugular); pig; 2ML1; no duration posted; controls received mp with saline; immunology.

P3119 Sellke,F.W., Wang,S.Y., Friedman,M., Dai,H.B., Harada,K., Lopez,J.J., Simons,M. B-adrenergic modulation of the collateral-dependent coronary microcirculation. J.Surg.Res. 1995; 59(--):185-190. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor; Saline; Heparin; perivascular (circumflex coronary artery); pig; 2ML4; no duration posted; controls received occluder&mp with vehicle; peptides; ameroid occluder placed around LCX coronary artery; pump catheter placed distal to this; pump sutured to chest wall; tissue perfusion (perivascular); 25 U/ml of heparin.

P2957 Sangild,P.T., Hilsted,L., Nexo,E., Fowden,A.L., Silver,M. Secretion of acid, gastrin, and cobalamin-binding proteins by the fetal pig stomach: developmental regulation by cortisol. Exp.Physiology 1994; 79(--):135-146. >>> Cortisol; SC; pig (fetus); 2001; 6 days; controls received mp with saline or no operation; mp implanted just behind ribs; ampicillin given via amniotic fluid.

P2956 Sangild,P.T., Silver,M., Fowden,A.L., Turvey,A., Foltmann,B. Adrenocortical stimulation of stomach development in the prenatal pig. Biol.Neonate 1994; 65(--):378-389. >>> Cortisol; ACTH(1-24); Saline; SC; pig (fetus); 2001; 6 days; controls received mp with saline; peptides.

P2955 Sangild,P.T., Westrom,B.R., Fowden,A.L., Silver,M. Developmental regulation of the porcine exocrine pancreas by glucocorticoids. J.Pediatr.Gastroenterology and Nutrition 1994; 19(--):204-212. >>> Cortisol; ACTH; Saline; SC; pig (fetus); 2001; 6 days; controls received mp with saline; peptides; no stress: mp was generally well tolerated; the cortisol used was hydrocortisone hemisuccinate.

P2851 Sangild,P.T., Sjostrom,H., Noren,O., Fowden,A.L., Silver,M. The prenatal development and glucocorticoid control of brush-border hydrolases in the pig small intestine. Pediatr.Res. 1995; 37(-2-):207-212. >>> Cortisol; Saline; SC; pig (fetus); 2001; 6 days; controls received mp with saline; after surgery fetuses received 50 mg of ampicillin into the amniotic cavity; sows maintained on antibiotics 3-4 days after surgery.

P2566 Carroll,S.M., White,F.C., Roth,D.M., Bloor,C.M. Heparin accelerates coronary collateral development in a porcine model of coronary artery occlusion. Circulation 1993; 88(-1-):198-207. >>> Heparin, porcine intestinal; PBS; IV (jugular); mini-pig; 2ML2; 28-29 days; functionality of mp verified indirectly by APPT; pumps replaced after 14 days; multiple pumps per animal (2) were used concurrently.

P2490 Soubrane,G., Cohen,S.Y., Delayre,T., Tassin,J., Hartmann,M.-P., Coscas,G.J., Courtois,Y., Jeanny,J.-C. Basic fibroblast growth factor experimentally induced choroidal angiogenesis in the minipig. Curr.Eye Res. 1994; 13(--):183-195. >>> Fibroblast growth factor; PBS; Eye (suprachoroidal space); mini-pig; 2001; no duration posted; stability verified by biological activity assay (p 185-6) after 4 days; peptides; spatial distribution of exogenous FGF examined (p 188); basic FGF used.

P2043 Kibblewhite,D., Larrabee Jr,W.F., Sutton,D. The effect of relaxin on tissue expansion. Arch Otolaryngol.Head Neck Surg. 1992; 118(--):153-156. >>> Relaxin; Saline; SC; pig; 2ML4; 10.5 weeks; long-term study; stress/adverse reaction: one animal extruded osmotic pump during tissue expansion procedure (p. 154); peptides; half-life (p. 155); wound healing.

P1715 Kingsnorth,A.N., Vowles,R., Nash,J.R.G. Epidermal growth factor increases tensile strength in intestinal wounds in pigs. Br.J.Surg. 1990; 77(--):409-412. >>> Epidermal growth factor; Saline; IP; pig; 5 days; paper incorrectly describes a 4ml capacity pump; wound healing.

P1697 Mukai,S., Mori,Y., Nagashima,H., Hasegawa,Y., Hoshino,K. Changes in plasma gonadotropins, ovarian steroids and inhibin concentrations in gilts following progesterone treatment with implantable osmotic pumps. Anim.Reprod.Sci. 1989; 20(--):287-297. >>> Progesterone; Ethanol; propylene glycol; SC; Pig; 2ML1; 7 days; Multiple pumps per animal (12); "implanted pumps effectively suppressed follicular growth" (p. 296).

P1685 Goldfarb,R.D., Lee,K.J., Andrejuk,T., Dziuban,S.W. End-systolic elastance as an evaluation of myocardial function in shock. Circ.Shock 1990; 30(-1-):15-26. >>> Endotoxin, s. enteritidis; IV; pig; 2, 3 days; pump connected to saline-filled teflon tube, the length of which provided 12-14 hr delay prior to endotoxin delivery according to authors (p. 19).

P1586 Goldfarb,R.D., Lee,K.L., Dzuiban Jr,S.W. Variation in end-systolic pressure-diameter relationship using dP/dtmin or P/Dmax as a definition of end-systole in chronic endotoxemic pigs. Circ.Shock 1989; 28(--):109-119. >>> Endotoxin, s. enteritidis; IV (jugular); pig; 2 days; no comment posted.

P1310 Lee,K.J., Dziuban,S.W., van der Zee,H., Goldfarb,R.D. Cardiac function and coronary flow in chronic endotoxemic pigs. Proc.Soc.Exp.Biol.Med. 1988; 189(--):245-252. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IV (jugular); pig; 2ML1; 2 days; catheter allowed 16 hour recovery period after surgery.

P1259 Lee,K., van der Zee,H., Dziuban,S.W., Luhmann,K., Goldfarb,R.D. Left ventricular function during chronic endotoxemia in swine. Am.J.Physiol. 1988; 254(--):H324-H330. >>> Endotoxin, s. enteritidis; IV (jugular); pig; 2ML1; 7 days; mp connected to teflon tubing.

P1061 Ramade,F., Bayle,J.D. Persistence of the acquisition of an endocrine response.... C.R.Soc.Biol. 1986; 180(-5-):538-544. >>> Muscimol; Saline; CSF/CNS; bird (pigeon); no duration posted; Pump model not stated; controls received mp w/saline; paper written in French w/English summary.

P1028 Ramade,F., Bayle,J.-D. Effects of chronic intracerebroventricular GABAergic treatment on basal and chronic or acute stress-induced adrenocortical activities in the thalamic pigeon. Neuroendocrinology 1986; 44(--):408-414. >>> Muscimol; Saline; CSF/CNS; bird (pigeon); 2ML4; 28 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; mp connected to cannula inserted in ventricle; comparison of iv injection vs. mp infusion.

P0639 Mick,C.C.W., Nicoll,C.S. Prolactin directly stimulates the liver in vivo to secrete a factor (synlactin) which acts synergistically with the hormone. Endocrinology 1985; 116(-5-):2049-2053. >>> Growth hormone, ovine; Prolactin, ovine; Citric acid; Glycerol; IV (hepatic portal); IV (jugular); bird (pigeon); 2001; 1 week; comparison of agents effects; citric acid added to solvent for bacteriostatic effects; pulsed delivery of hormone or solvent (intermittent w/ air); peptides; tissue perfusion.

P0417 Garssen,G.J., Spencer,G.S.G., Colenbrander,B., Macdonald,A.A., Hill,D.J. Lack of effect of chronic hyperinsulinaemia on growth and body composition in the fetal pig. Biol.Neonate 1983; 44(-4-):234-242. >>> Insulin; Saline; SC; pig (fetus); 2002; 2 weeks; implant operation on fetus suspected of causing stress - growth retardation p. 237, 240; pump functionality verified by measuring residual insulin; peptides.

P0308 Spencer,G.S.G., Hill,D.J., Garssen,G.J., Macdonald,A.A., Colenbrander,B. Somatomedin activity and growth hormone levels in body fluids of the fetal pig: effect of chronic hyperinsulinaemia. J.Endocrinol. 1983; 96(--):107-114. >>> Insulin; SC; pig (fetus); 2002; 2 weeks; peptides.

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4. Sheep

R0220 Huszenicza,Gy, Kulcsar,M, Rudas,P. Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants. Vet.Med-Czech 2002; 47(-7-):199-210. >>> Thyrotropin-rel. factor; SC; Sheep; 11 days; ALZET pumps mentioned on pg. 203.

R0171 Lofthouse,S. Immunological aspects of controlled antigen delivery. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 2002; 54(-6-):863-870. >>> Antigens; Mice; sheep; ; Immunology; ALZET pumps mentioned on pgs. 865, 866.

R0165 Pecina,M., Jelic,M., Martinovic,S., Haspl,M., Vukicevic,S. Articular cartilage repair: the role of bone morphogenetic proteins. International Orthopaedics 2002; 26(-3-):131-136. >>> Osteogenic protein-1; Acetate buffer; Knee (articular cavity); Sheep; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; OP-I also called BMP-7.

P9200 Doerr,M.D., Goravanahally,M.P., Rhinehart,J.D., Inskeep,E.K., Flores,J.A. Effects of endothelin receptor type-A and type-B antagonists on prostaglandin F2alpha-induced luteolysis of the sheep corpus luteum. Biology of Reproduction 2008; 78(-4-):688-696. >>> BQ123; BQ610; BQ788; Methanol; saline; Intraovarian (corpus luteum); Sheep; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (corpus luteum); good methods (pg. 689); post op. care (penicillin); animal info (female); pumps were primed overnight prior to surgery; vinyl catheter tubing (0007760) used; catheter stabilized to connective tissue capsule and ovarian tunica albuginea using nylon monofilament; all compounds are EDNRA type-A endothelin antagonists.

P9189 Gersting,J., Schaub,C.E., Keller-Wood,M., Wood,C.E. Inhibition of brain prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 prevents the preparturient increase in fetal adrenocorticotropin secretion in the sheep fetus. Endocrinology 2008; 149(-8-):4128-4136. >>> Nimesulide; DMSO; water; CSF/CNS; Sheep; 2ML2; 2ML4; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; post op. care (ampicillin); animal info (ewe, fetus, 119-125 d gestation); nimesulide is a COX-2 selective NSAID; incisions were sutured; 50% DMSO used.

P8297 Nitsos,I., Rees,S.M., Duncan,J., Kramer,B.W., Harding,R., Newnham,J.P., Moss,T.J.M. Chronic exposure to intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide affects the ovine fetal brain. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR GYNECOLOGIC INVESTIGATION 2006; 13(-4-):239-247. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Intra-amniotic; Sheep (pregnant); 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; no stress (see pg. 240,242); teratology; post op. care (Penicillin); animal info (female, gestation days 80-108); mp attached to fetal forelimb using 3/0 braided silk ligature to ensure mp remained in amniotic fluid; "Intra-amniotic LPS infusion caused histological chorioamnionitis...but did not cause fetal death, preterm birth or abortion." (p. 242).

P8191 Kramer,B.W., Jobe,A.H. The clever fetus: Responding to inflammation to minimize lung injury. Biology of the Neonate 2005; 88(-3-):202-207. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Intra-amniotic; Sheep (pregnant); 28 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; half-life (p. 204) 35 hours in amniotic fluid; teratology; animal info (gestational day 80-108, female).

P7971 Sosenko,I.R.S., Kallapur,S.G., Nitsos,I., Moss,T.J.M., Newnham,J.P., Ikegami,M., Jobe,A.H. IL-1 alpha causes lung inflammation and maturation by direct effects on preterm fetal lamb lungs. PEDIATRIC RESEARCH 2006; 60(-3-):294-298. >>> Interleukin-1, alpha, recomb. ovine; Intratracheal; Sheep (fetus); 2001D; ; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (merino, ewes + fetuses); silicone tubing used to collect lung fluid; vinyl tubing for intratracheal infusion; tissue perfusion (trachea).

P7558 Kelleher,M.O., Myles,L.M., Al-Abri,R.K., Glasby,M.A. The use of ciliary neurotrophic factor to promote recovery after peripheral nerve injury by delivering it at the site of the cell body. Acta Neurochirurgica 2006; 148(-1-):55-61. >>> Ciliary neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Sheep; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ physiological saline; no stress (see pg. 57); half-life (pg. 59) 3 minutes in serum; peptides; post op. care (cefuroxime); median nerve transected and repaired; "The adverse cytokine-like side-effects associated with systemic administration of CNTF, namely cough, asthenia, nausea, anorexia and weight loss, aphthous stomatitis and fever were not observed in any of our animals". (pg. 57).

P7533 Hafstrom,O., Milerad,J., Sandberg,K.L., Sundell,H.W. Cardiorespiratory effects of nicotine exposure during development. RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY&NEUROBIOLOGY 2005; 149(-1-3-):325-341. >>> Nicotine bitartrate; SC; Rat (pregnant); monkey (pregnant); mice (pregnant); sheep (pregnant); rat, mice, monkey, sheep (lamb); 28 days; Half-life (p. 327) 54 min in rats, 2-2.5 hours in humans, 5-7 min. in mice; teratology; "Most studies of prenatal nicotine exposure have been performed in rats using maternal continuous subcutaneous infusions by osmotic minipumps (ALZET) of nicotine bitartrate". (p. 326)..

P7193 Kallapur,S.G., Nitsos,I., Moss,T.J.M., Kramer,B.W., Newnham,J.P., Ikegami,M., Jobe,A.H. Chronic endotoxin exposure does not cause sustained structural abnormalities in the fetal sheep lungs. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2005; 288(-5-):L966-L974. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; Intra-amniotic; Sheep (pregnant); 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by amniotic fluid endotoxin levels; comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. L969); teratology.

P6659 Fray,M.D, Lamming,G.E, Haresign,W. Inter-Breed Variation in the Postpartum Ewe Response to Continuous Low Dose Infusion of GnRH. Theriogenology 1995; 45(--):1047-1064. >>> Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone; Saline; SC; Sheep; 2ML1; 96 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 1050); mp removed at 96 hours.

P6473 Hafstroem,O., Milerad,J., Sundell,H.W. Postnatal nicotine exposure does not further compromise hypoxia defense mechanisms in prenatally nicotine-exposed lambs. Acta Paediatrica 2004; 93(-4-):545-551. >>> Nicotine bitartrate; SC; Sheep (lamb); sheep (pregnant); 2ML4; 21,50 days; Pumps replaced after 28 days in pregnant sheep, after approx. 10 days in lambs; teratology.

P6302 Robinson,J.J., Aitken,R.P., Atkinson,T, Wallace,J.M., McNeilly,A.S. Effect of continuous infusion of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone on plasma prolactin and on ovarian activity in melatonin-treated ewes. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 1996; 107(--):17-22. >>> Thyrotropin-rel. factor; SC; Sheep; 2ML4; 3 months; Long-term study; new pumps implanted every 28 days; multiple pumps per animal (3).

P6298 Kennedy,A.D., Gilson,T.L., Posnikoff,J. Body and fat tail growth and carcass responses to clonidine in Karakul ram lambs. Small Ruminant Research 1995; 15(--):171-176. >>> Clonidine HCL; Saline, sterile; SC; Sheep (lamb); 2ML4; 84 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced at day 29 and day 57.

P5984 Kitano,Y., von Allmen,D., Kanai,M., Adzick,N.S., Flake,A.W. Epinephrine inhibits tracheal occlusion induced lung growth in fetal sheep. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 2003; 18(-5-):333-337. >>> Epinephrine; Saline; ascorbic acid; SC; Sheep (fetus); 2ML1; 4 days; Teratology.

P5886 Hafstrom,O., Milerad,J., Sundell,H.W. Prenatal nicotine exposure blunts the cardiorespiratory response to hypoxia in lambs. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2002; 166(-12-):1544-1549. >>> Nicotine bitartrate; SC; Sheep (pregnant); 2ML4; 49 days; Functionality of mp verified by plasma levels taken; pumps replaced once; teratology; cardiovascular; sudden infant death syndrome.

P5622 Sundell,H.W., Karmo,H., Milerad,J. Impaired cardiorespiratory recovery after laryngeal stimulation in nicotine-exposed young lambs. PEDIATRIC RESEARCH 2003; 53(-1-):104-112. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; Intra-amniotic; intratracheal; Sheep (lamb, pregnant); sheep (fetus); 2001D; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; teratology.

P5209 Newnham,J.P., Moss,T.J., Kramer,B.W., Nitsos,I., Ikegami,M., Jobe,A.H. The fetal maturational and inflammatory responses to different routes of endotoxin infusion in sheep. Am.J Obstet.Gynecol. 2002/5; 186(-5-):1062-1068. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IP; Intratracheal; intragastric, intra-amniotic; Sheep (lamb); Sheep (fetus);; 2001D; 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; immunology; teratology; description of fetal surgery (p.1063); correct pump placement confirmed by examining newborn lambs.

P5061 Moss,T.J.M., Newnham,J.P., Willett,K.E., Kramer,B.W., Jobe,A.H., Ikegami,M. Early gestational intra-amniotic endotoxin - Lung function, surfactant, and morphometry. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2002; 165(--):805-811. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; Amniotic sac; sheep (lamb, fetus); 2ML4; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (amniotic sac); comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; immunology; teratology; pre-natal lung development.

P4902 Jelic,M., Pecina,M., Haspl,M., Kos,J., Taylor,K, Maticic,D, McCartney,J, Yin,S., Rueger,D., Vukicevic,S. Regeneration of articular cartilage chondral defects by osteogenic protein-1 (bone morphogenetic protein-7) in sheep. Growth Factors 2001; 19(--):101-113. >>> Osteogenic protein-1; Acetate buffer; knee (articular cavity); sheep; 2002; 14 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (knee joint defect); functionality of mp verified by aspiration of residual volume after explant; stability verified by in vitro compatibility tests, ELISA, HPLC; good methods (in vitro bio-compatibility table 1 p. 106); OP-1 is also known as BMP-7. Pump was stapled to femoral shaft, PE-60 catheter tubing perfused knee joint; "Results of this study suggest that a recombinant BMP delivered via a mini-osmotic pump into the joint fluid stimulate the repair of articular cartilate defects in sheep." p. 106;.

P4771 Perez-Romero,A., De Lama,M.A.R., Granados,B., Vara,E., Gonzalez,I.V., Ariznavarreta,C., Tresguerres,J.A.F. Growth hormone response to long-term GH-RH administration in lambs. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry 2000; 56(-2-):107-115. >>> Growth homrone-rel. hormone;; Saline;; SC;; sheep (lambs);; 4 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of various methods of administration; stability verified by plasma growth hormone&insulin-like growth factor levels; peptides;.

P4516 McMahon,C.D, Buxton,D.F, Elsasser,T.H., Gunter,D.R, Sanders,L.G, Steele,B.P, Sartin,J.L. Neuropeptide Y restores appetite and alters concentrations of GH after central administration to endotoxic sheep.. Journal of Endocrinology 1999; 161(--):333-339. >>> Endotoxin;; Saline;; IV (jugular);; sheep;; 2ML1;; 72 hours; controls received mp w/vehicle;.

P4162 Chekanov,V.S., Tchekanov,G.V., Rieder,M.A., Silverstein,E.L., Cheng,Q., Smith,L.M., Zander,F.L., Jacobs,G.B., McConchie,S., Christensen,C.W., Schmidt,D.H. Force enhancement of skeletal muscle used for dynamic cardiomyoplasty and as a skeletal muscle ventricle. ASAIO Journal 1995; 41(--):M499-M507. >>> Nandrolone decanoate; Sesame oil; IM; sheep; 2ML4; 8 weeks; functionality of pump verified by residual volume; pumps replaced after 4 weeks; pump filled with saline, while agent diluted in sesame oil was loaded in coiled catheter 100 cm long; Lynch coil technique; cardiovascular; tissue perfusion (latissimus dorsi).

P3558 Bernards,C.M., Cullen,B.F., Kern,C., Powers,K.M. Effect of chronic cocaine administration on the hemodynamic response to acute hemorrhage in awake and anesthetized sheep. J.Trauma: Injury, Infection and Crit.Care 1997; 42(-1-):42-48. >>> Cocaine HCl; SC; sheep; 2ML2; 15, 18 days; no comment posted.

P3283 McLaughlin,C.L., Rogan,G.J., Buonomo,F.C., Cole,W.J., Hartnell,G.F., Hudson,S., Kasser,T.R., Miller,M.A., Baile,C.A. Finishing lamb performance responses to bovine and porcine somatotropins administered by ALZET pumps. J.Anim.Sci. 1991; 69(--):4039-4048. >>> Growth hormone, bovine; Growth hormone, porcine; SC; sheep; 6 weeks; controls received no treatment; functionality of mp verified by in vitro testing; long-term study, pumps replaced every 2 weeks; peptides.

P3270 Mahone,P.R., Scott,K., Sleggs,G., D'Antoni,T., Woods,J.R. Cocaine and metabolites in amniotic fluid may prolong fetal drug exposure. Am.J.Obstet.Gynecol. 1994; 171(-2-):465-469. >>> Cocaine; sheep (fetus); no duration posted; functionality of mp verified by plasma, amniotic fluid, and meconium samples; stability verified by in vitro testing at 39 degrees; teratology; pump released drug into amniotic fluid; pump placed on fetal back; ampicillin added to amniotic fluid.

P3128 Tilbrook,A.J., Galloway,D.B., Williams,A.H., Clarke,I.J. Treatment of young rams with an agonist of GnRH delays reproductive development. Horm.Behav. 1993; 27(--):5-28. >>> Luteinizing HRH; SC; sheep; 2001; 28 days; 16 weeks; comparison of biocompatible implant vs. mp; long-term study, pumps replaced every 4 weeks; pumps placed in foreleg; pumps more effective than implants in suppressing LH and FSH secretion; D-Trp6-pro9N-ethyl amide-LHRH used.

P3044 Wathes,D.C., Ayad,V.J., Gilbert,C.L., McGoff,S.A., Wathes,C.M. Influence of oxytocin infusion during oestrus and the early luteal phase on progesterone secretion and the establishment of pregnancy in ewes. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1991; 92(--):383-391. >>> Oxytocin; Saline; Acetic acid; SC; sheep; 2001; 2ML2; 12 days; controls received mp with saline or no treatment; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; peptides.

P2983 Evans,G., Brooks,J., Struthers,W., McNeilly,A.S. Superovulation and embryo recovery in ewes treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist and purified follicle-stimulating hormone. Reprod.Fertil.Dev. 1994; 6(--):247-252. >>> Buserelin; SC; sheep; 2ML4; no duration posted; mp implanted in skin overlying ribs.

P2880 Robinson,J.J., Wallace,J.M., Aitken,R.P., McNeilly,A.S. Effect of chronic treatment with a GnRH agonist to suppress pulsatile LH secretion on the ability of exogenous melatonin to advance oestrous cyclicity in ewes. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1993; 99(--):601-608. >>> Buserelin; SC; sheep; 2ML4; 50 days; long-term study, pumps replaced on day 25; peptides.

P2646 Brooks,J., McNeilly,A.S. Regulation of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptor mRNA expression in the sheep. J.Endocrinol. 1994; 143(--):175-182. >>> Buserelin; SC; sheep; 2ML4; 42 days; long-term study, pumps replaced after 26 days; peptides; pumps inserted in the flank; buserelin is a synthetic GnRH agonist, [D-Ser(But)] GnRH(1-9) nonapeptide-ethylamide.

P2617 Baskin,D.S., Browning,J.L., Widmayer,M.A., Zhu,Z.-Q., Grossman,R.G. Development of a model for Parkinson's disease in sheep using unilateral intracarotid injection of MPTP via slow continuous infusion. Life Sci. 1994; 54(-7-):471-479. >>> MPTP HCl; IA (carotid); sheep; 2ML1; 1-7 weeks; Neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease); comparison of acute injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. 474); catheter placed in proximal occipital artery (w/ distal end of artery occluded); ". . .slow continuous infusion may be a useful alternative to repeated dosing in animal studies using MPTP. . .".

P2605 Ayad,V.J., Parkinson,T.J., Matthews,E.L., Wild,M.L. Effects of pregnancy and systemic or intrauterine oxytocin infusion on the distribution of endometrial oxytocin receptors in the ewe: an autoradiographic study. J.Endocrinol. 1993; 137(--):423-431. >>> Oxytocin; Sodium chloride; Acetic acid; SC; intrauterine; sheep; 2ML1; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (uterus); functionality of mp verified by in vitro analysis and RIA of plasma levels; peptides; intrauterine infusion less effective than systemic infusion in reduction of endometrial oxytocin receptor concentration.

P2337 Khalid,M., Haresign,W., Hunter,M.G. Regulation of pitiuary GnRH receptors by continuous infusion of GnRH in the seasonally anoestrous ewe: evidence of ovarian involvement. Anim.Reprod.Sci. 1991; 24(--):271-282. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; sheep; 2ML1; 20 hours; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels of LH and estradiol.

P1848 Khalid,M., Haresign,W., Hunter,M.G., McLeod,B.J. Pituitary responses of seasonally anoestrous ewes to long-term continuous infusion of low doses of GnRH. Anim.Prod. 1989; 49(--):95-102. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; sheep; 2ML4; 21 days; peptides.

P1743 Picton,H.M., Tsonis,C.G., McNeilly,A.S. The antagonistic effect of exogenous LH pulses on FSH-stimulated preovulatory follicle growth in ewes chronically treated with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist. J.Endocrinol. 1990; 127(--):273-283. >>> Buserelin; SC; sheep; 2ML4; 42 days; long-term study, pumps replaced once at 21 days.

P1742 Godfredson,J.A., Wheaton,J.E., Crooker,B.A., Wong,E.A., Campbell,R.M., Mowles,T.F. Growth performance and carcass composition of lambs infused for 28 days with a growth hormone-releasing factor analogue. J.Anim.Sci. 1990; 68(--):3624-3632. >>> Growth hormone-rel. factor analog; DMSO; Water; SC; sheep; 28 days; functionality of mp verified by measurement of residual volume; pumps replaced weekly; stability in vehicle verified at 37 degrees celsius for 7 days.

P1708 Wu,S.Y., Merryfield,M.L., Polk,D.H., Fisher,D.A. Two pathways for thyroxine 5'-monodeiodination in brown adipose tissue in fetal sheep: ontogenesis and divergent responses to hypothyroidism and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine replacement. Endocrinology 1990; 126(-4-):1950-1958. >>> Triiodothyronine; sheep (fetus); 8 days; functionality of mp verified by serum levels; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P1702 Keeler,R.F., Baker,D.C. Oral, osmotic minipump, and intramuscular administration to sheep of the veratrum alkaloid cyclopamine. Proc.Soc.Exp.Biol.Med. 1989; 192(--):153-156. >>> Cyclopamine; Ethanol; Propylene glycol; SC; sheep (pregnant); 2ML36S; no duration posted; toxicology; teratology; pumping rate incorrectly stated as 46 liter/hr rather than 46 microliter/hr, agent infused suspended in either PG or ETOH, pumps removed after one week, agent precipitated out of PG carrier resulting in poor delivery and absorption.

P1699 Follett,B.K., Potts,C. Hypothyroidism affects reproductive refractoriness and the seasonal oestrous period in welsh mountain ewes. J.Endocrinol. 1990; 127(--):103-109. >>> Methimazole; sheep; 11 weeks; long-term study.

P1492 Wheaton,J.E., Al-Raheem,S.N., Godfredson,J.A., Dorn,J.M., Wong,E.A., Vale,W., Rivier,J., Mowles,T.F., Heimer,E.P., Felix,A.M. Use of osmotic pumps for subcutaneous infusion of growth hormone-releasing factors in steers and wethers. J.Anim.Sci. 1988; 66(--):2876-2895. >>> 4SG-29; RO-23-7863; Growth hormone-rel. factor; DMSO; Water; SC; cattle; sheep; 2002; 2ML1; 7 days; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; peptides.

P1419 Kennedy,A.D., Tekpetey,F.R., Onischuk,L.A. Growth hormone, insulin, prolactin, glucose and mononuclear leukocyte insulin binding responses to clonidine in ram lambs. Can.J.Anim.Sci. 1988; 68(--):655-677. >>> Clonidine HCl; Water; SC; sheep; 72 days; pump replaced at day 29 and 57; antihypertensive.

P1296 Szeto,H.H., Zhu,Y.S., Amione,J., Clare,S. Prenatal morphine exposure and sleep-wake disturbances in the fetus. Sleep 1988; 11(-2-):121-130. >>> Morphine sulfate; IV (fetal vena cava); sheep (fetus); 2ML1; 7 days; mp connected to catheter to fetus; dose-response (text); functionality of mp verified by fetal plasma levels; toxicology/teratology.

P1256 McNeilly,A.S., Fraser,H.M. Effect of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist-induced suppression of LH and FSH on follicle growth and corpus luteum function in the ewe. J.Endocrinol. 1987; 115(-2-):273-282. >>> Buserelin; SC; sheep; 2ML4; 29 days; controls left untreated; pumps primed 24 hours before implantation; 2 experiments using mp; peptides.

P1142 Kennedy,A.D., Belluk,B.M. Growth and carcass composition of ram lambs treated with clonidine. Can.J.Anim.Sci. 1987; 67(-2-):417-425. >>> Clonidine HCl; Water; SC; sheep (lamb); 2ML4; 85 days; controls rec'd mp w/ water; 2 doses of agent infused; stress/adverse reaction (mp expulsion); long-term study; mp replaced on days 29 and 57; antihypertensive.

P0891 Lincoln,G.A., Fraser,H.M., Abbott,M.P. Blockade of pulsatile LH, FSH and testosterone secretion in rams by constant infusion of an LHRH agonist. J.Reprod.Fertil. 1986; 77(--):587-597. >>> Buserelin; Saline; SC; sheep; 2ML4; 21 days; controls received mp w/saline; mp primed 24 hours prior to implantation; some rams also treated w/LHRH antiserum; peptide.

P0436 Klein,A.H., Reviczky,A., Padbury,J.F. Thyroid hormones augment catecholamine-stimulated brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in the ovine fetus. Endocrinology 1984; 114(-4-):1065-1069. >>> Triiodothyronine; SC; sheep (fetus); 8 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); 25 ug/h and 50 ug/h infusions of T3.

P0367 Ballard,P.L., Klein,A.H., Fisher,D.A. Thyroid hormones and plasma corticosteroid binding globulin capacity in fetal and newborn lambs. Endocrinology 1983; 113(-4-):1197-1200. >>> Triiodothyronine; sheep (fetus); sheep (lamb); 8 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); doses of T3 were 8 ug/h, 25 ug/h, 50 ug/h.

P0355 Klein,A.H., Reviczky,A., Padbury,J.F., Fisher,D.A. Effect of changes in thyroid status on tissue respiration in fetal and newborn sheep. Am.J.Physiol. 1983; 244(-6-):E603-E606. >>> Triiodothyronine; SC; sheep (fetus); sheep (lamb); 8 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0340 Wright,P.J., Clarke,I.J., Findlay,J.K. The induction of fertile oestrus in seasonally anoestrous ewes using a continuous low dose administration of gonadotrophin releasing hormone. Aust.Vet.J. 1983; 60(-8-):254-255. >>> Luteinizing HRH; SC; sheep; 2001; 1 week; ewes were pretreated w/ 3 progesterone-containing Sil-Estrus implants; peptides.

P0069 Lorijn,R.H.W., Nelson,J.C., Longo,L.D. Induced fetal hyperthyroidism: cardiac output and oxygen consumption. Am.J.Physiol. 1980; 239(-3-):H302-H307. >>> Triiodothyronine; PEG; SC; sheep (fetus); 5 days; no comment posted.

P0045 Lorijn,R.H.W., Longo,L.D. Clinical and physiologic implications of increased fetal oxygen consumption. Am.J.Obstet.Gynecol. 1980; 136(-4-):451-457. >>> Triiodothyronine; PEG; SC; sheep (fetus); 4-5 days; Harvard pump used to infuse NE during control period of 30-60 mins..

P0029 Amundson,B.C., Wheaton,J.E. Effects of chronic LHRH treatment on brain LHRH content, pituitary and plasma LH and ovarian follicular activity in the anestrous ewe. Biol.Reprod. 1979; 20(--):633-638. >>> Luteinizing HRH; Saline; SC; sheep; 3 weeks; pumps replaced each week; peptides.

P0026 Pratt,B.R., Butcher,R.L., Inskeep,E.K. Effect of continuous intrauterine administration of prostaglandin E2 on life-span of corpora lutea of nonpregnant ewes. J.Anim.Sci. 1979; 48(-6-):1441-1446. >>> Prostaglandin E2; Ethanol; Sodium phosphate; intrauterine; sheep; 1701; 6 and 7 days; replaced every 7 days until estrus or day 40; tissue perfusion (uterus).

P0022 Klindt,J., Davis,S.L., Ohlson,D.L. Plasma concentration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, thyrotropin, prolactin, and growth hormone during five-day osmotic pump infusion of thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Endocrinology 1979; 104(-1-):45-49. >>> Thyrotropin-rel. factor; Saline; SC; Sheep; 5 days; organ replacement therapy (ovariectomy); TRH plasma levels taken; "Osmotic minipumps can be used successfully for infusion of TRH." p. 49.

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