References on the Administration of Endotoxin Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

Q0734 Basselin,M., Ramadan,E., Chen,M., Rapoport,S.I. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Chronic Aspirin on Brain Arachidonic Acid Metabolites. Neurochemical Research 2011; 36(-1-):139-145. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2002; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Fischer 344); post op. care (triple antibiotic ointment, sterile isotonic saline).

Q0868 Park,H.K., Qatanani,M., Briggs,E.R., Ahima,R.S., Lazar,M.A. Inflammatory Induction of Human Resistin Causes Insulin Resistance in Endotoxemic Mice. Diabetes 2011; 60(-3-):775-783. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; SC; Mice; 1002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (10-12 wks old, male, Rko BAC-Retn).

Q0879 Reisenauer,C.J., Bhatt,D.P., Mitteness,D.J., Slanczka,E.R., Gienger,H.M., Watt,J.A., Rosenberger,T.A. Acetate supplementation attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. Journal of Neurochemistry 2011; 117(-2-):264-274. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ aCSF; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 160-180 g); Plastics One cannula used (Model 3280PM).

Q0020 Kramer,B.W., Kallapur,S.G., Moss,T.J.M., Nitsos,I., Polglase,G.P., Newnham,J.P., Jobe,A.H. Modulation of fetal inflammatory response on exposure to lipopolysaccharide by chorioamnion, lung, or gut in sheep. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2010; 202(-1-):U177-U185. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Saline; Lung (trachea); uterus (amniotic fluid); Sheep (pregnant); 2ML1; 2, 7 days; Controls received mp w/vehicle; teratology; no stress (see pg. 77e2, 77e4); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, time-mated pregnant).

Q0164 liu,T.T., Kao,C.C., Chung,C.F., Hsieh,P.S. Chronic Hepatic Inflammation Induced by Mild portal endotoxemia Is Not Associated with systemic insulin resistance in rats. J Med Sci 2010; 30(-1-):15-20. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Saline; IV (portal vein); Rat; 1004; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (250-300 g, Sprague Dawley, 5-6 wks old).

Q0284 Lambert,M.P., Wang,Y.H., Bdeir,K.H., Nguyen,Y., Kowalska,M.A., Poncz,M. Platelet factor 4 regulates megakaryopoiesis through low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) on megakaryocytes. Blood 2009; 114(-11-):2290-2298. >>> Protein, receptor associated, endotoxin free; PBS; SC; Mice; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (8-12 wks old, hPF4High, mPF4-/-).

P9845 Min,S.S., Quan,H.Y., Ma,J.H., Han,J.S., Jeon,B.H., Seol,G.H. Chronic brain inflammation impairs two forms of long-term potentiation in the rat hippocampal CA1 area. Neuroscience Letters 2009; 456(-1-):20-24. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ artificial CSF; animal info (male, Fischer-344); neuroinflammation; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's Disease).

P9356 Min,S.S., Quan,H.Y., Ma,J., Lee,K.H., Back,S.K., Na,H.S., Han,S.H., Yee,J.Y., Kim,C., Han,J.S., Seol,G.H. Impairment of long-term depression induced by chronic brain inflammation in rats. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2009; 383(-1-):93-97. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Animal info (male, Fisher 344); behavioral testing (Morris water maze).

Q0286 Rosi,S., Ramirez-Amaya,V., Vazdarjanova,A., Esparza,E.E., Larkin,P.B., Fike,J.R., Wenk,G.L., Barnes,C.A. Accuracy of hippocampal network activity is disrupted by neuroinflammation: rescue by memantine. Brain 2009; 132(-;-):2464-2477. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; memantine; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); SC; Rat; 2004; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ aCSF; animal info (3-month-old, male, F-344, Sprague Dawley); multiple pumps per animal (2); no stress (see pg 2468) "No adverse neurological signs were observed..."; behavioral testing (exploration).

P9339 Cui,C.A., Jin,D.Q., Hwang,Y.K., Lee,I.S., Hwang,J.K., Ha,I., Han,J.S. Macelignan attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and reduces LPS-induced spatial learning impairments in rats. Neuroscience Letters 2008; 448(-1-):110-114. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Fisher 344); behavioral testing (Morris water maze); composition of aCSF on pg 111.

P8858 Jin,D.Q., Sung,J.Y., Hwang,Y.K., Kwon,K.J., Han,S.H., Min,S.S., Han,J.S. Dexibuprofen (S+-isomer ibuprofen) reduces microglial activation and impairments of spatial working memory induced by chronic lipopolysaccharide infusion. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 2008; 89(-3-):404-411. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Animal info (male, Wistar, 300-350g.); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); "Chronic infusions of LPS into rat brains produces many of the inflammatory symptoms, pathological changes, and memory impairments associated w/ AD".

P9069 Zhou,M., Jacob,A., Ho,N., Miksa,M., Wu,R.Q., Maitra,S.R., Wang,P. Downregulation of protein disulfide isomerase in sepsis and its role in tumor necrosis factor-alpha release. CRITICAL CARE 2008; 12(-4-):U133-U140. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Saline; IM (abdominal); Rat; 2001D; 20 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 275-325 g.); incorrectly stated 200 ul pump as 2ML1; pumps implanted SC with silastic catheter inserted intra abdominal cavity (ip catheter); pumps primed for 2 hours at 37 degrees Celsius.

P9066 Zhou,M., Wu,R.Q., Dong,W.F., Jacob,A., Wang,P. Endotoxin downregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma via the increase in TNF-alpha release. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology 2008; 294(-1-):R84-R92. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; IP; Rat; 2001D; 20 hours; Controls received mp w/ saline; post op. care (fluid therapy, saline, 2 ml/100 g.); animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 280-320 g.).

P8628 Basselin,M., Villacreses,N.E., Lee,H.J., Bell,J.M., Rapoport,S.I. Chronic lithium administration attenuates up-regulated brain arachidonic acid metabolism in a rat model of neuroinflammation. Journal of Neurochemistry 2007; 102(-3-):761-772. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 763); animal info (male, Fischer, CDF (f-344)/Crl BR, 2 months old).

P8420 Jang,S., Lee,J.H., Choi,K.R., Kim,D., Yoo,H.S., Oh,S. Cytochemical alterations in the rat retina by LPS administration. Neurochemical Research 2007; 32(-1-):1-10. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; sphingosine-1-phosphate; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2ML1; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; cyanoacrylate adhesive; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 260-280g).

P8403 Marchalant,Y., Rosi,S., Wenk,G.L. Anti-inflammatory property of the cannabinoid agonist WIN-55212-2 in a rodent model of chronic brain inflammation. Neuroscience 2007; 144(-4-):1516-1522. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 21 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 1518); animal info (male, F-344, 3 months old); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, MS); Neuroinflammation; "Chronic infusion of LPS and WIN-55212-2 injections was well tolerated by all rats: they gained weight normally for the duration of the study." (pg. 1518); plastics one cannula used.

Q0055 Qian,M.X., Bai,S.A., Brogdon,B., Wu,J.T., Liu,R.Q., Covington,M.B., Vaddi,K., Newton,R.C., Fossler,M.J., Garner,C.E., Deng,Y.Z., Maduskuie,T., Trzaskos,J., Duan,J.J.W., Decicco,C.P., Christ,D.D. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of DPC 333 ((2R)-2-((3R)-3-amino-3{4-[2-methyl-4-quinolinyl) methoxy] phenyl}-2-oxopyrrolidinyl)-N-hydroxy-4-methylpentanamide)), a potent and selective inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha-converting enzyme in rodents, dogs, chimpanzees, and humans. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 2007; 35(-10-):1916-1925. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Saline, isotonic; IP; Mice; rat; ; Animal info (BALB/c, 18-20 g; male, female, Sprague-Dawley, Dark Agouti, Lewis, 225-350 g; female, CD, 150-200g).

P7782 Glezer,I., Lapointe,A., Rivest,S. Innate immunity triggers oligodendrocyte progenitor reactivity and confines damages to brain injuries. FASEB Journal 2006; 20(-2-):U405-U430. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; MK-801; Saline, sterile; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 3, 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 250g.).

P8195 Mccoy,M.K., Martinez,T.N., Ruhn,K.A., Szymkowski,D.E., Smith,C.G., Botterman,B.R., Tansey,K.E., Tansey,M.G. Blocking soluble tumor necrosis factor signaling with dominant-negative tumor necrosis factor inhibitor attenuates loss of dopaminergic neurons in models of Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neuroscience 2006; 26(-37-):9365-9375. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; XENP345; Saline, sterile; CSF/CNS (striatum); Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, 200-225 grams, male, CDF, 200-240 grams); neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease); dominant-negative TNF inhibitor; tissue perfusion (striatum).

P8297 Nitsos,I., Rees,S.M., Duncan,J., Kramer,B.W., Harding,R., Newnham,J.P., Moss,T.J.M. Chronic exposure to intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide affects the ovine fetal brain. JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR GYNECOLOGIC INVESTIGATION 2006; 13(-4-):239-247. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Intra-amniotic; Sheep (pregnant); 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; no stress (see pg. 240,242); teratology; post op. care (Penicillin); animal info (female, gestation days 80-108); mp attached to fetal forelimb using 3/0 braided silk ligature to ensure mp remained in amniotic fluid; "Intra-amniotic LPS infusion caused histological chorioamnionitis...but did not cause fetal death, preterm birth or abortion." (p. 242).

P8258 Rosi,S., Vazdarjanova,A., Ramirez-Amaya,V., Worley,P.F., Barnes,C.A., Wenk,G.L. Memantine protects against LPS-induced neuroinflammation, restores behaviorally-induced gene expression and spatial learning in the rat. Neuroscience 2006; 142(-4-):1303-1315. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; memantine; CSF, artificial; SC; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 1308); multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (male, F-344, 3 months old); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, etc.).

P8238 du Plessis,I., Mitchell,D., Laburn,H.P., Cartmell,T. Fever and lethargy induced by subcutaneous pyrogen infusion in unrestrained rats. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 2005; 83(-11-):1007-1014. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; muramyl dipeptide; Saline, sterile; SC; Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by weight; peptides; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 250-350 grams).

P7220 Iwaki,T., Cruz,D.T., Martin,J.A., Castellino,F.J. A cardioprotective role for the endothelial protein C receptor in lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in the mouse. Blood 2005; 105(-6-):2364-2371. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; hirudin; Saline, isotonic; IP; Mice; 1003D; 24-72 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; "In order to mimic the conditions of endotoxin shock more closely than the usual bolus LPS injection methods, we used a continual intraperitoneal exposure model in mice with t.

P7193 Kallapur,S.G., Nitsos,I., Moss,T.J.M., Kramer,B.W., Newnham,J.P., Ikegami,M., Jobe,A.H. Chronic endotoxin exposure does not cause sustained structural abnormalities in the fetal sheep lungs. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2005; 288(-5-):L966-L974. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; Intra-amniotic; Sheep (pregnant); 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by amniotic fluid endotoxin levels; comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; no stress (see pg. L969); teratology.

P8191 Kramer,B.W., Jobe,A.H. The clever fetus: Responding to inflammation to minimize lung injury. Biology of the Neonate 2005; 88(-3-):202-207. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Intra-amniotic; Sheep (pregnant); 28 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; half-life (p. 204) 35 hours in amniotic fluid; teratology; animal info (gestational day 80-108, female).

P7711 Lindros,K.O., Jaervelaeinen,H.A. Chronic systemic endotoxin exposure: An animal model in experimental hepatic encephalopathy. METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE 2005; 20(-4-):393-398. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; IV (jugular); Rat; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Functionality of mp verified by plasma endotoxin levels; tolerance; tubing contains pyrogen-free saline to delay agent delivery by 36 h..

P7521 Ophir,G., Amariglio,N., Jacob-Hirsch,J., Elkon,R., Rechavi,G., Michaelson,D.M. Apolipoprotein E4 enhances brain inflammation by modulation of the NF-kappaB signaling cascade. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2005; 20(-3-):709-718. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF/CNS; Mice (transgenic); ; Controls received PBS; Alzet brain infusion kit used; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); animal info (male, 4 month old, ApoE3, ApoE4 transgenic); 5 min infusion with syringe pump and BIK, no mp used.

P8184 Richardson,R.L., Kim,E.M., Gardiner,T., O'Hare,E. Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of lipopolysaccharide: effects of ibuprofen treatment and behavioural and histopathological correlates. Behavioural Pharmacology 2005; 16(-7-):531-541. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Wistar, 220-250 g); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease).

R0236 Sadikot,R.T., Blackwell,T.S. Bioluminescence imaging. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2005; 2(-6-):537-540. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; IP; Mice; 2001D; 24 hours; Comparison of IP injections vs. mp; ALZET see pg. 538; BLI (bioluminescence).

P6976 Gerashchenko,D., Shiromani,P.J. Effects of inflammation produced by chronic lipopolysaccharide administration on the survival of hypocretin neurons and sleep. Brain Research 2004; 1019(-1-2-):162-169. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; PBS; CSF/CNS (hypothalamus); Rat; 2004; 30 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle into contralateral side of the brain; comparison of ICV injections vs. mp; multiple pumps per animal (2); EEG and EMG electrodes implanted recordings collected throughout infusion.

P6386 Kohno,M., Ishizaka,A., Sawafuji,M., Koh,H., Hirayama,Y., Ikeda,E., Shiomi,T., Ohashi,A., Okada,Y., Kobayashi,K. Hyperoxia-induced emphysematous changes in subacute phase of endotoxin-induced lung injury in rats. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2004; 287(-1-):L184-L190. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); Rat; 2002; 10 days; 24 hour recovery period achieved by filling catheter with saline.

P7079 Lee,H., Villacreses,N.E., Rapoport,S.I., Rosenberger,T.A. In vivo imaging detects a transient increase in brain arachidonic acid metabolism: a potential marker of neuroinflammation. Journal of Neurochemistry 2004; 91(-4-):936-945. >>> Endotoxin, LPS, bacterial; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 6,28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle.

P6399 Rosenberger,T.A., Villacreses,N.E., Hovda,J.T., Bosetti,F., Weerasinghe,G., Wine,R.N., Harry,G.J., Rapoport,S.I. Rat brain arachidonic acid metabolism is increased by a 6-day intracerebral ventricular infusion of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Journal of Neurochemistry 2004; 88(-5-):1168-1178. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2002; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; post op. care (1% lidocaine); Plastics One cannula used.

P9498 Wenk,G.L. Attenuation of chronic neuroinflammation by a nitric oxide-releasing derivative of the antioxidant ferulic acid. Journal of Neurochemistry 2004; (-89-):484-493. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; post op. care (betadine on wound and saline injection (SC)); animal info (male, 3 months old, F-344); neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's Disease).

P6047 Ekdahl,C.T., Claasen,J.H., Bonde,S., Kokaia,Z., Lindvall,O. Inflammation is detrimental for neurogenesis in adult brain. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2003; 100(-23-):13632-13637. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; tissue perfusion (cerebral tissue); endotoxin was from e. coli (serotype 055:B5).

P6363 Glezer,I., Zekki,H., Scavone,C., Rivest,S. Modulation of the innate immune response by NMDA receptors has neuropathological consequences. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-35-):11094-11103. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; MK-801; Saline; CSF/CNS (parenchyma); Rat; 2004; 72 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; 28 g, Plastics One cannula used.

P5881 Hauss-Wegrzyniak,B., Willard,L.B., Del Soldato,P., Pepeu,G., Wenk,G.L. Peripheral administration of novel anti-inflammatories can attenuate the effects of chronic inflammation within the CNS. Brain Res 2003; 815(-1-):36-43. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 30 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; post op. care (chloramphenicol lidocaine) p.38.

P6046 Michetti,C., Coimbra,R., Hoyt,D.B., Loomis,W., Junger,W., Wolf,P. Pentoxifylline reduces acute lung injury in chronic endotoxemia. Journal of Surgical Research 2003; 115(-1-):92-99. >>> Pentoxifylline; endotoxin, e. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); Rat; 4,48 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (phospodiesterase); silastic catheter used; pump model not stated.

P5906 Nadeau,S., Rivest,S. Glucocorticoids play a fundamental role in protecting the brain during innate immune response. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-13-):5536-5544. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; L-NAME; endotoxin, LPS; Saline; BSA; ascorbic acid; PIPES; DMSO; CSF/CNS (cortex, dorsal basal ganglia); Rat; 2004; 3,7,14,21 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cerebral tissue&dorsal ganglia); enzyme inhibitor (nitric oxide); brain tissue distribution; guid cannula used; TNF-a was dissolved in saline + 0.1% BSA + 0.01% ascorbic acid; L-NAME was dissolved in PIPES&10% DMSO&infused into the dorsal basal ganglia.

P5647 Ophir,G., Meilin,S., Efrati,M., Chapman,J., Karussis,D., Roses,A., Michaelson,D.M. Human apoE3 but not apoE4 rescues impaired astrocyte activation in apo E null mice. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2003; 12(-1-):56-64. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; PBS; CSF/CNS; Mice (transgenic); ; No pump used in study; ALZET Brain Infusion Kit used.

P5070 Gao,H.M., Jiang,J., Wilson,B., Zhang,W., Hong,J.S., Liu,B. Microglial activation-mediated delayed and progressive degeneration of rat nigral dopaminergic neurons: relevance to Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neurochemistry 2002; 81(--):1285-1297. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; PBS; CSF/CNS (substantia nigra); rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease); controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual aspiration.

P5050 Hauss-Wegrzyniak,B., Wenk,G.L. Beta-amyloid deposition in the brains of rats chronically infused with thiorphan or lipopolysaccharide: the role of ascorbic acid in the vehicle. Neurosci.Lett. 2002/4/5; 322(--):75-78. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Thiorphan, DL-; CSF, artificial; Ascorbic acid; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); rat; 2004; 37 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); ascorbic acid in vehicle examined; some controls received vehicle without ascorbic acid.

P5427 Hauss-Wegrzyniak,B., Lynch,M.A., Vraniak,P.D., Wenk,G.L. Chronic brain inflammation results in cell loss in the entorhinal cortex and impaired LTP in perforant path-granule cell synapses. Experimental Neurology 2002; 176(-2-):336-341. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle.

P5439 Kawakami,K., Husain,S.R., Kawakami,M., Puri,R.K. Improved anti-tumor activity and safety of interleukin-13 receptor targeted cytotoxin by systemic continuous administration in head and neck cancer xenograft model. MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2002; 8(-8-):487-494. >>> Interleukin-13 endotoxin; PBS; IP; Mice (nude); 7 days; Comparison of IV injections vs mp; cancer (head and neck); IL-13 endotoxin, also called IL13-PE38QQR, is composed of IL-13 and a mutated form of a Pseudomonas endotoxin; compared to IV injections, continuous infusion decreased the toxicity and increased the efficacy of IL-13 cytotoxin.

P5332 Marriott,L.K., Hauss-Wegrzyniak,B., Benton,R.S., Vraniak,P.D., Wenk,G.L. Long-term estrogen therapy worsens the behavioral and neuropathological consequences of chronic brain inflammation. Behavioral Neuroscience 2002; 116(-5-):902-911. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); "A change in volume to the CSF space was discounted because the 0.25 ul/hr infusion rate contributed only to about 0.4% of the CSF volume produced by the rat each hour and was only 0.25% of the rat's total CSF volume." (p. 903); 2-day surgery recovery period by CSF infusion.

P5440 Moss,T.J.M., Nitsos,I., Kramer,B.W., Ikegami,M., Newnham,J.P., Jobe,A.H. Intra-amniotic endotoxin induces lung maturation by direct effects on the developing respiratory tract in preterm sheep. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2002; 187(-4-):1059-1065. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; Intra-amniotic; intratracheal; Sheep (lamb, pregnant); sheep (fetus); 2001D; 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; teratology.

P5061 Moss,T.J.M., Newnham,J.P., Willett,K.E., Kramer,B.W., Jobe,A.H., Ikegami,M. Early gestational intra-amniotic endotoxin - Lung function, surfactant, and morphometry. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2002; 165(--):805-811. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; Amniotic sac; sheep (lamb, fetus); 2ML4; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (amniotic sac); comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; immunology; teratology; pre-natal lung development.

P5209 Newnham,J.P., Moss,T.J., Kramer,B.W., Nitsos,I., Ikegami,M., Jobe,A.H. The fetal maturational and inflammatory responses to different routes of endotoxin infusion in sheep. Am.J Obstet.Gynecol. 2002/5; 186(-5-):1062-1068. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IP; Intratracheal; intragastric, intra-amniotic; Sheep (lamb); Sheep (fetus);; 2001D; 24 hours; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; immunology; teratology; description of fetal surgery (p.1063); correct pump placement confirmed by examining newborn lambs.

P5144 Pronko,P.S., Jarvelainen,H.A., Lindros,K.O. Acinar distribution of rat liver arylamine N-acetyltransferase: Effect of chronic ethanol and endotoxin exposure. PHARMACOLOGY&TOXICOLOGY 2002; 90(--):150-154. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; IV; rat; 4 weeks; toxicology.

P5363 Wenk,G.L., Rosi,S., McGann,K., Hauss-Wegrzyniak,B. A nitric oxide-donating flurbiprofen derivative reduces neuroinflammation without interacting with galantamine in the rat. European Journal of Pharmacology 2002; 453(-2-3-):319-324. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Galantamine; CSF, artificial; PBS; SC; CSF/CNS (fourth ventricle); Rat; 2004; 2ML4; ; Controls received mp w/ aCSF; neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease); LPS infused ICV using 2004 pumps; Galantamine infused SC in PBS vehicle using 2ML4 pumps.

P4712 Ayala,A., Song,G.Y, Chung,C.-S, Redmond,K.M, Chaudry,I.H. Immune depression in polymicrobial sepsis: The role of necrotic (injured) tissue and endotoxin.. Crit.Care Med. 2000; 28(--):2949-2955. >>> Endotoxin;; Saline;; IP;; mice;; 1003D;; 24 hours;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle;.

P4793 Ivanov,A.I., Kulchitsky,V.A., Sugimoto,N., Simons,C.T., Romanovsky,A.A. Does the formation of lipopolysaccharide tolerance require intact vagal innervation of the liver?. Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic&Clinical 2000; 85(--):111-118. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli;; Saline;; IV (jugular);; rat;; 2004;; 28 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by colonic temp in E. coli delivery; tolerance; silastic catheter used;.

P4595 Järveläinen,H.A, Fang,C, Ingelman-Sundberg,M., Lindros,K.O. Effect of chronic coadministration of endotoxin and ethanol on rat liver pathology and proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.. Hepatology 1999; 29(-5-):1503-1510. >>> Endotoxin;; Saline;; IV (jugular);; rat;; 2ML4;; 4 weeks;; controls received mp w/vehicle; immunology;.

P4516 McMahon,C.D, Buxton,D.F, Elsasser,T.H., Gunter,D.R, Sanders,L.G, Steele,B.P, Sartin,J.L  Journal of Endocrinology 1999; 161(--):333-339. >>> Endotoxin;; Saline;; IV (jugular);; sheep;; 2ML1;; 72 hours; controls received mp w/vehicle;.

P3499 Szczepanik,A.M., Fishkin,R.J., Rush,D.K., Wilmot,C.A. Effects of chronic intrahippocampal infusion of lipopolysaccharide in the rat. Neuroscience 1996; 70(-1-):57-65. >>> Endotoxin; Buffer, sodium phosphate; CSF/CNS (hippocampus); rat; 2002; 16 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by reservoir inspection; immunology.

P3624 Vaccaro,M.I., Dagrosa,M.A., Mora,M.I., Tiscornia,O.M., Sordelli,D.O. The effect of chronic intraperitoneal infusion of bacterial endotoxin on exocrine pancreas function in rats. Int.J.Pancreatology 1996; 19(-1-):49-54. >>> Endotoxin; IP; rat; 7 days; controls received mp w/ pyrogen-free saline; immunology; salmonella typhi LPS used.

P3377 Ayala,A., Deol,Z.K., Lehman,D.L., Herdon,C.D., Chaudry,I.H. Does endotoxin play a major role in inducing the depression of macrophage function during polymicrobial sepsis?. Arch Surg 1995; 130(--):1178-1185. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IP; mice; 1003D; no duration posted; controls received mp w/saline.

P3143 Lee,K.J., Andrejuk,T., Dziuban Jr,S.W., Goldfarb,R.D. Deleterious effects of buthionine sulfoximine on cardiac function during continuous endotoxemia. P.S.E.B.M. 1995; 209(--):178-184. >>> Endotoxin, s. enteritidis; IV (jugular); pig; 2ML1; no duration posted; controls received mp with saline; immunology.

P2604 Ayala,A., Deol,Z.K., Lehman,D.L., Herdon,C.D., Chaudry,I.H. Polymicrobial sepsis but not low-dose endotoxin infusion causes decreased splenocyte IL-2/IFN-gamma release while increasing IL-4/IL-10 production. J.Surg.Res. 1994; 56(--):579-585. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IP; mice; 1003D; 1, 24 hours; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by ELISA of blood samples; immunology.

P2911 Okuma,T., Kaneko,H., Chen,K., Ogawa,N., Torigoe,Y., Miyauchi,Y., Tosaka,M. Total parenteral nutrition supplemented with L-alanyl-L-glutamine and gut structure and protein metabolism in septic rats. Nutrition 1994; 10(-3-):241-245. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; IP; rat; 2001; no duration posted; no comment posted.

P2986 Etheredge,E.E., Spitzer,J.A. Chronic endotoxemia reversibly alters respiratory burst activity of circulating neutrophils. J.Surg.Res. 1993; 55(--):261-268. >>> Endotoxin; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 30 or 78 hours; controls received mp and coiled tubing w/ saline; coiled tubing filled w/ saline in both experimental and control groups to allow 42-hour recovery period after surgery; "loss of zymosan-stimulated chemiluminescence in both groups at 78 hours suggests a foreign-body effect from the minipump and may reflect arachidonic acid metabolism".

P3200 Hagar,A.F., DuSapin,K., Spitzer,J.A. Endotoxin infusion primes elicited neutrophils and kupffer cell for platelet-activating factor-induced and tripeptide formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine-induced basal free intracellular concentration responses. Crit.Care Med. 1993; 21(--):1750-1757. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; IV; rat; 2ML1; 72 hours; comparison of acute infusion vs. mp; immunology; saline infused for 42 hrs post-surgery (via external reservoir tubing).

P2275 Friedman,H., Newton,C., Widen,R., Klein,T.W., Spitzer,J.A. Continuous endotoxin infusion suppresses rat spleen cell production of cytokines. P.S.E.B.M. 1992; 199(-3-):360-364. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 7 days; functionality of mp verified by serum assay; comparison of sc injections vs. mp; immunology; toxicology; saline dispensed via catheter for 42 hours before endotoxin administration.

P2274 Friedman,H., Newton,C., Pross,S., Klein,T.W., Widen,R., Vial,L.J., Spitzer,J.A. Continuous infusion of endotoxin depresses splenic blastogenesis. Immunopharmacol.Immunotoxicol. 1992; 14(-3-):689-706. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 7 days; controls received mp w/saline or empty pumps; mp attached to catheter filled with saline to achieve a 42 hour delay before delivery of endotoxin; possible foreign body reaction to mp may have caused some immunosuppression.

P1988 Hagar,A.F., Spitzer,J.A. The effect of endotoxemia on concanavalin A induced alterations in cytoplasmic free calcium in rat spleen cells as determined with fluo-3. Cell Calcium 1992; 13(--):123-130. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; IV; rat; 30 hours; no comment posted.

P2136 Spitzer,J.A., Deaciuc,I.V. Protein kinase c activity and lipogenesis from glucose in isolated adipocytes of endotoxemic rats. Circ.Shock 1992; 37(--):111-116. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; SC; rat; 30 hours; comparison of IV injections vs. mp.

P2011 Trop,M., Schiffrin,E.J., Carter,E.A. Effect of acute and chronic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration on reticuloendothelial system (RES) phagocytic activity in vivo. Burns 1992; 18(-2-):107-108. >>> Endotoxin, LPS; Saline; IP; rat; 4 days; half-life of radiolabelled LPS p. 108.

P1929 Hagar,A.F., Rodriguez de Turco,E.B., Spitzer,J.A. Effect of chronic endotoxemia on concanavalin a-stimulated inositol lipid metabolism in rat splenocytes. J.Leukoc.Biol. 1991; 50(--):77-85. >>> Endotoxin; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 30 hours; first 42 hours only saline infused to allow post-surgical recovery.

P1857 Ogle,C.K., Wu,J.Z., Alexander,J.W., Fischer,J.E., Ogle,J.D. The effects of in vivo administration of endotoxin on the function and interaction of hepatocytes and kupffer cells. Prostaglandins 1991; 41(-2-):169-183. >>> Endotoxin; IP; guinea-pig; 4 days; no comment posted.

P2088 Pross,S., Newton,C., Widen,R., Klein,T.W., Friedman,H., Spitzer,J.A. Splenocyte blastogenesis supressed in rats implanted with an osmotic pump. Life Sci. 1991; 50(-2-):99-108. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 5-10 days; comparison of external peristaltic pump vs mp; stress/adverse reaction: splenocyte blastogenesis suppression.

P1828 Auclair,P., Tardif,D., Beauchamp,D., Gourde,P., Bergeron,M.G. Prolonged endotoxemia enhances the renal injuries induced by gentamicin in rats. Antimicrob.Agents Chemother. 1990; 34(-5-):889-895. >>> Endotoxin; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 7 days; stability verified in vitro at 37 degrees celsius for 7 days.

P1685 Goldfarb,R.D., Lee,K.J., Andrejuk,T., Dziuban,S.W. End-systolic elastance as an evaluation of myocardial function in shock. Circ.Shock 1990; 30(-1-):15-26. >>> Endotoxin, s. enteritidis; IV; pig; 2, 3 days; pump connected to saline-filled teflon tube, the length of which provided 12-14 hr delay prior to endotoxin delivery according to authors (p. 19).

P2375 Maki,E. Effect of lipopolysaccharide on biological properties and induction of alveolar bone resorption in rats. Aichi-Gakuin J.Dent.Sci. 1990; 28(--):283-294. >>> Endotoxin; bone (maxilla); rat; duration not posted; tissue perfusion (bone); japanese with english abstract.

P2515 Ngeleka,M., Beauchamp,D., Tardif,D., Auclair,P., Gourde,P., Bergeron,M.G. Endotoxin increases the nephrotoxic potential of gentamicin and vancomycin plus gentamicin. J.Infect.Dis. 1990; 161(--):721-727. >>> Endotoxin; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 7 days; no comment posted.

P1495 Arnold,J., Little,R.A., Rothwell,N.J. Energy balance and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis during chronic endotoxemia in rats. J.Appl.Physiol. 1989; 66(-4-):1970-1975. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; no comment posted.

P1774 Choo,J.J., Horan,M.A., Little,R.A., Rothwell,N.J. Muscle wasting associated with endotoxemia in the rat: Modification by the B2-adrenoceptor agonist clenbuterol. Biosci.Rep. 1989; 9(-5-):615-621. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; rat; 5 days; no comment posted.

P1586 Goldfarb,R.D., Lee,K.L., Dzuiban Jr,S.W. Variation in end-systolic pressure-diameter relationship using dP/dtmin or P/Dmax as a definition of end-systole in chronic endotoxemic pigs. Circ.Shock 1989; 28(--):109-119. >>> Endotoxin, s. enteritidis; IV (jugular); pig; 2 days; no comment posted.

P2963 Sanchez-Cantu,L., Rode,H.N., Christou,N.V. Endotoxin tolerance is associated with reduced secretion of tumor necrosis factor. Arch Surg 1989; 124(--):1432-1436. >>> Endotoxin, LPS B; Saline; IP; rat; 2001; 7 days; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; tolerance.

P2614 Arita,H., Ogle,C.K., Alexander,J.W., Warden,G.D. Induction of hypermetabolism in guinea pigs by endotoxin infused through the portal vein. Arch Surg 1988; 123(--):1420-1424. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IP; IV (hepatic portal); guinea-pig; 5,7 days; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; comparison of ip injections vs. mp; 42 hour recovery period before LPS administration.

P1178 de Turco,E.B., Spitzer,J.A. Perturbation of glycerolipid content and biosynthesis in hepatocytes of rats continuously infused with escherichia coli endotoxin. Metabolism 1988; 37(-2-):164-170. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML1; 30 hours; controls received mp w/ saline.

P1337 Goran,M.I., Little,R.A., Frayn,K.N., Jones,R., Fozzard,G. Effects of chronic endotoxaemia on oxygen consumption at different ambient temperatures in the unanaesthetised rat. Circ.Shock 1988; 25(--):103-109. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IV (femoral); rat; 2ML1; 7 days; dose-response (text); functionality of mp verified by plasma levels.

P1272 Goran,M.I., Frayn,K.N., Little,R.A. Energy metabolism during chronic endotoxin infusion in the rat, with special reference to free fatty acid turnover. Circ.Shock 1988; 25(-1-):9-20. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (femoral); rat; 7 days; pump model not stated; controls received mp w/saline; functionality of mp verified.

P1259 Lee,K., van der Zee,H., Dziuban,S.W., Luhmann,K., Goldfarb,R.D. Left ventricular function during chronic endotoxemia in swine. Am.J.Physiol. 1988; 254(--):H324-H330. >>> Endotoxin, s. enteritidis; IV (jugular); pig; 2ML1; 7 days; mp connected to teflon tubing.

P1310 Lee,K.J., Dziuban,S.W., van der Zee,H., Goldfarb,R.D. Cardiac function and coronary flow in chronic endotoxemic pigs. Proc.Soc.Exp.Biol.Med. 1988; 189(--):245-252. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IV (jugular); pig; 2ML1; 2 days; catheter allowed 16 hour recovery period after surgery.

P1343 Rodriquez de Turco,E.B., Spitzer,J.A. Kinetics of diacylglycerol accumulation in response to vasopressin stimulation in hepatocytes of continuously endotoxaemic rats. Biochem.J. 1988; 253(--):73-79. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 72 hours; catheter filled with saline provided 30 hour recovery period.

P1093 de Turco,E.R., Spitzer,J.A. Impairments in hepatocyte phosphoinositide metabolism in endotoxemia. Metabolism 1987; 36(-8-):753-760. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 42 hours; controls received mp w/saline; mp connected to tubing in jugular vein.

P0989 Lang,C.H., Spitzer,J.A. Glucose kinetics and development of endotoxin tolerance during long-term continuous endotoxin infusion. Metabolism 1987; 36(-5-):469-474. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 54 hours; 2ML1, 54 hours; mp connected to cath. in jug. vein; mp connected to saline filled tubing to allow a surgical recovery period; functionality of mp verified in vitro prior to study.

P1055 Roth,B.L., Spitzer,J.A. Altered hepatic vasopressin and alpha 1-adrenergic receptors after chronic endotoxin infusion. Am.J.Physiol. 1987; 252(--):E699-E702. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 30 hours; controls received mp w/vehicle; mp connected to catheter in jugular vein.

P1250 Sakai,N., Ishii,Y., Shikita,M. Increase in macrophage progenitor cell number in femoral marrow of mice after continuous infusion or repeated injections of a macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J.Pharmaco.Biodyn. 1987; 10(-8-):404-407. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, GM; Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IP; mice; 2001; 6 days; controls received mp w/ LPS free isotonic saline; 2 exp.; comparison of ip injections vs. mp infusion; functionality of mp verified.

P1105 Spitzer,J.A., Friedman,H., Newton,C., Widen,R., Pross,S., Klein,T.W. Suppressed in vitro blastogenic responsiveness of rat spleen cells after continuous infusion of endotoxin by an implanted osmotic pump. Proc.Soc.Exp.Biol.Med. 1987; 186(--):21-26. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; up to 7 days; controls rec. mp w/saline; mp connected to tubing in jugular vein; mp infused saline for 42 hr. prior to infusion of agent to provide postsurgery recovery; immunology.

P1106 Spitzer,J.A., Deaciuc,I.V. IP3-dependent Ca2+ release in permeabilized hepatocytes of endotoxemic and septic rats. Am.J.Physiol. 1987; 253(--):E130-E134. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 1 week; controls received mp w/saline; mp connected to tubing in jugular vein; refer to paper P425 for methods.

P0939 Deaciuc,I.V., Spitzer,J.A. Rat liver free cytosolic Ca2+ and glycogen phosphorylase in endotoxicosis and sepsis. Am.J.Physiol. 1986; 251(--):R984-R995. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 6, 30, 78, 126 hours; controls received mp w/NaCl; see P425 for detailed methods.

P0819 Fish,R.E., Lang,C.H., Spitzer,J.A. Regional blood flow during continuous low-dose endotoxin infusion. Circ.Shock 1986; 18(-4-):267-276. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 6 and 30 hours; Lynch coil; mp connected to coiled 100 cm length of PE-60 tubing terminating in jugular vein; tubing provided 42 hour surgical recovery period.

P0804 Kindler,V., Thorens,B., de Kossodo,S., Allet,B., Eliason,J.F., Thatcher,D., Farber,N., Vassalli,P. Stimulation of hematopoiesis in vivo by recombinant bacterial murine interleukin 3. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. 1986; 83(--):1001-1005. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Interleukin-3, recomb. mouse; Penicillin; Streptomycin; Glycerol; PBS; SC; mice; 3 and 7 days; infusion supplemented w/ip injections; interleukin activity in blood varible - aggregation in pump? (see p. 1004); mp infusion in normal and irradiated mice; half-life; peptides; antibiotic.

P0810 Spitzer,J.A., Deaciuc,I.V. Effect of endotoxicosis and sepsis on intracellular calcium homeostasis in rat liver. Circ.Shock 1986; 18(-2-):81-93. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 6, 30 and 102 hours; comparison of acute iv administration vs. chronic mp infusion; controls received mp w/ saline; see ref. 26 (p425).

P0788 Spitzer,J.A., Fish,R.E. Lipolytic patterns in isolated adipocytes of continuously endotoxemic rats. Circ.Shock 1986; 18(-1-):21-29. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 6 and 30 hours; controls received mp w/ saline; mp connected to coiled polyethylene tubing in jugular vein; coil filled w/ saline to provide 42 hr. surgical recovery period; Lynch coil; dose-response.

P0724 Fish,R.E., Burns,A.H., Lang,C.H., Spitzer,J.A. Myocardial dysfunction in a nonlethal, nonshock model of chronic endotoxemia. Circ.Shock 1985; 16(--):241-252. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 6 and 30 hours; mp connected to saline filled tubing placed in jugular vein; coiled saline filled tubing provided 42 hr. surgical recovery period prior to endotoxin infusion; Lynch coil; controls received mp w/ saline.

P0637 Goran,M.I., Frayn,K.N., Little,R.A. Intravenous endotoxin infusion by osmotic mini-pump in the rat. Biochem.Soc.Trans., 609th Meeting, Leeds 1985; 13(--):528-. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; IV (femoral); rat; 1 week; no stress p. 528; cannulation of femoral vein done 3 days prior to mp implant&attachment; methods paper.

P0700 Spitzer,J.A., Nelson,K.M., Fish,R.E. Time course of changes in gluconeogenesis from various precursors in chronically endotoxemic rats. Metabolism 1985; 34(-9-):842-849. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 2-3 days; see ref. 8 (P425); tubing length provided a 42 hr delay to delivery of endotoxin-surgical recovery period.

P0425 Fish,R.E., Spitzer,J.A. Continuous infusion of endotoxin from an osmotic pump in the conscious unrestrained rat: a unique model of chronic endotoxemia. Circ.Shock 1984; 12(--):135-149. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); rat; 2ML1; 1 week; no stress p. 145; stability of endotoxin verified; delivery delayed by using saline-filled coil attached to mp; author praises advantages of mp p. 147.

P0524 Levy,M., Wexler,M.J. Subacute endotoxemia in dogs with experimental cirrhosis and ascites: effects on kidney function. Can.J.Physiol.Pharmacol. 1984; 32(-6-):673-677. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; IV (jugular); dog; 2001; 2ML1; 1 week; used diff. pumps in same animal to deliv. variable dosage; solubility of endotoxin in mp max. of 12-15 mg/ml; mp functionality verified.

P0404 Ema,M., Itami,T., Kanoh,S. Effects of continuous administration of endotoxin by osmotic minipump on pregnant dams and their offspring in rats and rabbits. Eisei Shikenjo Hokoku (Japanese, English abstract) 1982; 100(--):128-133. >>> Endotoxin; Saline; SC; rabbit (pregnant); rat (pregnant); 2001; 1 week; LPS endotoxin induced no fetal toxicities.