References on the Administration of Neurotrophic Factors
Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

1. Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor

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2. Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor

R0239 Richardson,R.T., Noushi,F., O'Leary,S. Inner ear therapy for neural preservation. AUDIOLOGY AND NEURO-OTOLOGY 2006; 11(-6-):343-356. >>> Nerve groth factor; NT-3; adenovirus; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; perilymph, artificial; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; fibroblast growth factor, acidic; fibroblast growth factor-1; fibroblast growth factor-2; fibroblast growth factor, basic; Ear (cochlea); ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 1,2,4,8 weeks; 15-60, 11-12, 26 days; Comparison of polymers, hydrogels, gene therapy, cell-based therapy, and injections vs. mp; long-term study; pumps replaced; no stress (see pg. 350); half-life (p. 344), short in blood; gene therapy; peptides; animal info (deafened); Table 2; "The mini-osmotic pump device is ideally suited to studying the effects of neurotrophic factors in the cochlea experimentally." (p. 350).

P7860 Pun,S., Santos,A.F., Saxena,S., Xu,L., Caroni,P. Selective vulnerability and pruning of phasic motoneuron axons in motoneuron disease alleviated by CNTF. Nature Neuroscience 2006; 9(-3-):408-419. >>> Ciliary neurotrophic factor, recomb. rat; glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; BSA; IM (triceps surae); Mice (transgenic); 1002; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; peptides; neurodegenerative (motoneuron disease); animal info (Tg G93A SoD1, G85R S0D1).

P7558 Kelleher,M.O., Myles,L.M., Al-Abri,R.K., Glasby,M.A. The use of ciliary neurotrophic factor to promote recovery after peripheral nerve injury by delivering it at the site of the cell body. Acta Neurochirurgica 2006; 148(-1-):55-61. >>> Ciliary neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Sheep; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ physiological saline; no stress (see pg. 57); half-life (pg. 59) 3 minutes in serum; peptides; post op. care (cefuroxime); median nerve transected and repaired; "The adverse cytokine-like side-effects associated with systemic administration of CNTF, namely cough, asthenia, nausea, anorexia and weight loss, aphthous stomatitis and fever were not observed in any of our animals". (pg. 57).

P7339 Yokota,H., Yoshikawa,M., Hirabayashi,H., Nakase,H., Uranishi,R., Nishimura,F., Sugie,Y., Ishizaka,S., Sakaki,T. Expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), CNTF receptor alpha (CNTFR-alpha;) following experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Neuroscience Letters 2005; 377(-3-):170-175. >>> Ciliary neurotrophic factor; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; good methods p. 171; ALZET brain infusion kit.

P6761 McCallister,W.V., McCallister,E.L., Dubois,B., Trumble,T.E. Regeneration along intact nerves using nerve growth factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor. Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 2004; 20(-6-):473-481. >>> Nerve growth factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (peroneal nerve); Rat; 2ML4; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ isotonic saline; peptides; mp primed 24 hours in 37 degrees Celsius saline.

P6458 Olivius,P., Alexandrov,L., Miller,J.M., Ulfendahl,M., Bagger-Sjoebaeck,D., Kozlova,E.N. A model for implanting neuronal tissue into the cochlea. BRAIN RESEARCH PROTOCOLS 2004; 12(-3-):152-156. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor Ax1, human; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 21-22 days; Pump replaced on days 11-12; post op. care (cyclosporine, doxycycline); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P5990 Ramirez,B.U., Retamal,L., Vergara,C. Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) affects the excitable and contractile properties of innervated skeletal muscles. Biological Research 2003; 36(-3-4-):303-312. >>> Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; Forskolin; PBS; BSA; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; control group pumps were implanted and contained saline; experimental groups had either CNTF or forskolin.

P5983 Zou,J., Bretlau,P., Pyykkoe,I., Toppila,E., Olovius,N.P., Stephanson,N., Beck,O., Miller,J.M. Comparison of the protective efficacy of Neurotrophins and antioxidants for vibration-induced trauma. ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2003; 65(-3-):155-161. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; tissue perfusion (cochlea); comparison of RWM injections vs. mp; peptides.

P5009 Shinohara,T., Bredberg,G., Ulfendahl,M., Pyykko,I., Olivius,N.P, Kaksonen,R., Lindstrom,B., Altschuler,R., Miller,J.M. Neurotrophic factor intervention restores auditory function in deafened animals. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2002; 99(-3-):1657-1660. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ciliary neurotrophic factor; Neomycin;; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 26 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea, scala tympani); pumps replaced at day 15; peptides; catheter filled with perilymph and 10% neomycin; pump filled with vehicle or neurotrophic factor solution; 48-hr infusion of neomycin to cause deafness followed by 12 or 26 day infusion of neurotrophic factor pump reservoir..

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3. Glial-derived Neurotrophic Factor

R0239 Richardson,R.T., Noushi,F., O'Leary,S. Inner ear therapy for neural preservation. AUDIOLOGY AND NEURO-OTOLOGY 2006; 11(-6-):343-356. >>> Nerve groth factor; NT-3; adenovirus; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; perilymph, artificial; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; fibroblast growth factor, acidic; fibroblast growth factor-1; fibroblast growth factor-2; fibroblast growth factor, basic; Ear (cochlea); ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 1,2,4,8 weeks; 15-60, 11-12, 26 days; Comparison of polymers, hydrogels, gene therapy, cell-based therapy, and injections vs. mp; long-term study; pumps replaced; no stress (see pg. 350); half-life (p. 344), short in blood; gene therapy; peptides; animal info (deafened); Table 2; "The mini-osmotic pump device is ideally suited to studying the effects of neurotrophic factors in the cochlea experimentally." (p. 350).

P7860 Pun,S., Santos,A.F., Saxena,S., Xu,L., Caroni,P. Selective vulnerability and pruning of phasic motoneuron axons in motoneuron disease alleviated by CNTF. Nature Neuroscience 2006; 9(-3-):408-419. >>> Ciliary neurotrophic factor, recomb. rat; glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; BSA; IM (triceps surae); Mice (transgenic); 1002; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; peptides; neurodegenerative (motoneuron disease); animal info (Tg G93A SoD1, G85R S0D1).

P7483 Chen,Y., Ai,Y., Slevin,J.R., Maley,B.E., Gash,D.M. Progenitor proliferation in the adult hippocampus and substantia nigra induced by glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. Experimental Neurology 2005; 196(-1-):87-95. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human methionyl; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (striatum); Rat; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; brain tissue distribution; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 2 month old).

P6801 Iannotti,C., Zhang,Y.P., Shields,C.B., Han,Y.C., Burke,D.A., Xu,X.M. A neuroprotective role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor following moderate spinal cord contusion injury. Experimental Neurology 2004; 189(-2-):317-332. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; glial-derived neurotrophic factor, alexa S94 dye-conjugated; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2004; 3 weeks; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume and cannula patency; good methods p. 318; brain tissue distribution; spinal cord injury.

P6644 Bergerot,A., Shortland,P.J., Anand,P., Hunt,S.P., Carlstedt,T. Co-treatment with riluzole and GDNF is necessary for functional recovery after ventral root avulsion injury. Experimental Neurology 2004; 187(-2-):359-366. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, isr-met human; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received no treatment to contralateral side.

R0227 Gordon,T., Sulaiman,O., Boyd,J.G. Experimental strategies to promote functional recovery after peripheral nerve injuries. JOURNAL OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 2003; 8(-4-):236-250. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (peripheral nerve); Mice; 1 month; dose-response.

P6602 Tolbert,D.L., Clark,B.R. GDNF and IGF-I trophic factors delay hereditary Purkinje cell degeneration and the progression of gait ataxia. Experimental Neurology 2003; 183(-1-):205-219. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; insulin-like growth factor I; SC; Rat; 2004; 4,8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline; long-term study; pumps replaced at 4 weeks; peptides.

P6592 Dempsey,R.J., Sailor,K.A., Bowen,K.K., Tuereyen,K., Vemuganti,R. Stroke-induced progenitor cell proliferation in adult spontaneously hypertensive rat brain: effect of exogenous IGF-1 and GDNF. Journal of Neurochemistry 2003; 87(-3-):586-597. >>> Insulin-like growth factor-I; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS; Rat; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; ischemia (cerebral).

P6506 Nagano,M., Sakai,A., Takahashi,N., Umino,M., Yoshioka,K., Suzuki,H. Decreased expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in rat models of neuropathic pain. British Journal of Pharmacology 2003; 140(-7-):1252-1260. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 9 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (spinal nerve ligation axotomy); post op. care (IP kanamycin sulfate).

P6343 Wang,R., Guo,W., Ossipov,M.H., Vanderah,T.W., Porreca,F., Lai,J. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor normalized neurochemical chances in injured dorsal root ganglion neurons and prevents the expression of experimental neuropathic pain. Neuroscience 2003; 121(-3-):815-824. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; Saline; albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; spinal nerve ligation injury.

P6221 Hess,B.H., Krewet,J.A., Tolbert,D.L. Olivocerebellar projections are necessary for exogenous trophic factors to delay heredo-Purkinje cell degeneration. Brain Research 2003; 986(-1-2-):54-62. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; insulin-like growth factor I; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ saline or no treatment; ALZET brain infusion kit used.

P5967 Boyd,J.G., Gordon,T. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor sustain the axonal regeneration of chronically axotomized motoneurons in vivo. Experimental Neurology 2003; 183(-2-):610-619. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Saline; CSF/CNS (tibial nerve); Rat; 2001; 2ML4; 7,28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (nerve repair site); good methods (p. 611,612); silastic cuff used; pumps used for a 1 week and 4 week study.

R0198 Brundin,P. GDNF treatment in Parkinson's disease: time for controlled clinical trials?. Brain 2002; 125(--):2149-2151. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF/CNS (dorsal putamen); CSF/CNS; Monkey; ; Neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease).

P5837 Li,S.L., Xu,B., Martin,D., Racine,R.J., Fahnestock,M. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor modulates kindling and activation-induced sprouting in hippocampus of adult rats. Experimental Neurology 2002; 178(-1-):49-58. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Cytochrome C; Citrate butter; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 11 days; Peptides; 7 day recovery from surgery.

P5588 Leffler,A., Cummins,T.R., Dib-Hajj,S.D., Hormuzdiar,W.N., Black,J.A., Waxman,S.G. GDNF and NGF reverse changes in repriming of TTX-sensitive Na+ currents following axotomy of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology 2002; 88(-2-):650-658. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Nerve growth factor; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, lumbar); rat; 7 days; controls received mp with vehicle; peptides; some animals received both agents infused simultaneously by the same pump; delivery was to the lumbar enlargement.

P5858 Ramer,M.S., Bradbury,E.J., McMahon,S.B. Nerve growth factor induces P2X(3) expression in sensory neurons. J Neurochem 2001; 77(-3-):864-875. >>> Nerve growth factor; Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Saline; rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2001; 1 week; Peptides.

P5845 Akkina,S.K., Patterson,C.L., Wright,D.E. GDNF rescues nonpeptidergic unmyelinated primary afferents in streptozotocin-treated diabetic mice. Exp Neurol 2001; 167(-1-):173-182. >>> Nerve growth factor; Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of intrathecal injections vs. mp; stress/adverse reaction (see pg. 178, surgical complications); peptides; PE-10 attached to PE-60 tubing; catheter placement verified at sacrifice.

P4887 Issa,P.C., Lever,I.J., Michael,G.J., Bradbury,E.J., Malcangio,M. Intrathecally delivered glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor produces electrically evoked release of somatostatin in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Journal of Neurochemistry 2001; 78(--):221-229. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recombinant human; Saline; Albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); rat; 2001; 11-13 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; vehicle was saline w/ 0.1% rat serum albumin; neuroprotection; no mention of pump replacement for 11-13 day delivery..

P4798 Kirik,D., Georgievska,B., Rosenblad,C., Bjorklund,A. Delayed infusion of GDNF promotes recovery of motor function in the partial lesion model of Parkinson's disease.. European Journal of Neuroscience 2001; 13(--):1589-1599. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor;; Saline; Serum, rat; Gentamycin;; CSF/CNS (striatum); CSF/CNS;; rat;; 2002;; 4 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 2 weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; neurodegenerative (Parkinson's disease); neuroprotection;.

P4850 Tolbert,D.L., Bradley,M.W., Tolod,E.G., Torres-Aleman,I., Clark,B.R. Chronic intraventricular infusion of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) rescues some cerebellar Purkinje cells from heredodegeneration. Experimental Neurology 2000; 170(--):375-379. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor; Saline; CSF/CNS; rat; 2004; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; brain distribution; aging; neuroprotection..

P4769 Ramer,M.S, Priestley,J.V., McMahon,S.B. Functional regeneration of sensory axons into the adult spinal cord.. Nature 2000; 403(--):312-316. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; Brain- derived neurotrophic factor; Glial-derived neurotrophic factor;; Albumin, rat serum; Saline, sterile;; CSF/CNS (intrathecal);; rat;; 7 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; rats had received complete crush injuries of 2-3 cervical dorsal roots (rhizotomized);.

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4. NT-3

R0239 Richardson,R.T., Noushi,F., O'Leary,S. Inner ear therapy for neural preservation. AUDIOLOGY AND NEURO-OTOLOGY 2006; 11(-6-):343-356. >>> Nerve groth factor; NT-3; adenovirus; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; perilymph, artificial; glial-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; fibroblast growth factor, acidic; fibroblast growth factor-1; fibroblast growth factor-2; fibroblast growth factor, basic; Ear (cochlea); ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 1,2,4,8 weeks; 15-60, 11-12, 26 days; Comparison of polymers, hydrogels, gene therapy, cell-based therapy, and injections vs. mp; long-term study; pumps replaced; no stress (see pg. 350); half-life (p. 344), short in blood; gene therapy; peptides; animal info (deafened); Table 2; "The mini-osmotic pump device is ideally suited to studying the effects of neurotrophic factors in the cochlea experimentally." (p. 350).

P8038 Wilson-Gerwing,T.D., Verge,V.M.K. Neurotrophin-3 attenuates galanin expression in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain. Neuroscience 2006; 141(-4-):2075-2085. >>> NT-3; PBS; albumin, rat serum; streptomycin; penicillin; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, lumbar); Rat; 2001; 7 days; Post op. care (buprenorphine); animal info (adult, male, wistar, 250-300 grams).

P7994 Vavrek,R., Girgis,J., Tetzlaff,W., Hebert,G.W., Fouad,K. BDNF promotes connections of corticospinal neurons onto spared descending interneurons in spinal cord injured rats. Brain 2006; 129(--):1534-1545. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NT-3; Albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (left motor cortex, intrathecal, cisterna magna); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; SCI (spinal cord injury); dental cement used to secure cannula; NT-3 delivered intrathecally; tissue perfusion (left motor cortex).

P7765 Richardson,R.T., O'Leary,S., Wise,A., Hardman,J., Clark,G. A single dose of neurotrophin-3 to the cochlea surrounds spiral ganglion neurons and provides trophic support. Hearing Research 2005; 204(-1-2-):37-47. >>> NT-3, recomb. human; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ringer's solution; Ear (scalatympani); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Comparison of bolus infusion vs. mp; peptides; animal info (adult, pigmented Dunkin-Hartley, 455g.); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7470 Plantman,S., Novikova,L., Novikov,L., Hammarberg,H., Wallquist,W., Kellerth,J.O., Cullheim,S. Integrin messenger RNAs in the red nucleus after axotomy and neurotrophic administration. NeuroReport 2005; 16(-7-):709-713. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb human; NT-3; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Rat; 1, 3 weeks; Controls recieved no treatment; peptides; animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley); spinal hemisection (peripheral axotomy).

P7331 Wise,A.K., Richardson,R., Hardman,J., Clark,G., O'Leary,S. Resprouting and survival of guinea pig cochlear neurons in response to the administration of the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2005; 487(-2-):147-165. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; NT-3; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ Ringer's solution; cannula patency ascertained by visual inspection; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P6930 Gillespie,L.N., Clark,G.M., Marzella,P.L. Delayed neurotrophin treatment supports auditory neuron survival in deaf guinea pigs. NeuroReport 2004; 15(-7-):1121-1125. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; nerve growth factor; NT-3; NT-4/5; Ear (scala tympani, cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Tissue perfusion.

P6706 Paula-Barbosa,M.M., Pereira,P.A., Cadete-Leite,A., Madeira,M.D. NGF and NT-3 exert differential effects on the expression of neuropeptides in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of rats withdrawn from ethanol treatment. Brain Research 2003; 983(-1-2-):64-73. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; CSF, artificial; BSA; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; dependence; post op. care (local antiseptic); agent was placed in catheter, tubing had an air-oil spacer at pump end, mp contained methylene blue (p.66).

R0194 Mendell,L.M., Arvanian,V.L. Diversity of neurotrophin action in the postnatal spinal cord. BRAIN RESEARCH REVIEWS 2002; 40(-1-3-):230-239. >>> NT-3; CSF/CNS (nerve); Cat; .

P5854 Xu,B., Michalski,B., Racine,R.J., Fahnestock,M. Continuous infusion of neurotrophin-3 triggers sprouting, decreases the levels of TrkA and TrkC and inhibits epileptogenesis and activity-dependent axonal growth in adult rats. Neuroscience 2002; 115(-4-):1295-1308. >>> NT-3; cytochrome C; PBS; histidine buffer; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Peptides; histidine buffer is composed of 4.5% mannitol, 0.5% sucrose, 10mM histidine; 7 day recovery period.

P5467 Novikova,L.N., Novikov,L.N., Kellerth,J.O. Differential effects of neurotrophins on neuronal survival and axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury in adult rats. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2002; 452(-3-):255-263. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NT-3; PBS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 2 or 5-8 weeks; Peptides.

P5395 Karchewski,L.A., Gratto,K.A., Wetmore,C., Verge,V.M.K. Dynamic patterns of BDNF expression in injured sensory neurons: differential modulation by NGF and NT-3. European Journal of Neuroscience 2002; 16(-8-):1449-1462. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; PBS; albumin, rat serum; streptomycin; penicillin; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 7 days; Mouse B-NGF and human recomb. NT-3 used.

P5125 Sayer,F.T., Oudega,M., Hagg,T. Neurotrophins reduce degeneration of injured ascending sensory and corticospinal motor axons in adult rat spinal cord. Experimental Neurology 2002; 175(--):282-296. >>> NT-3; PBS; Dye, toluidine blue; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); rat; 2002; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; comparison of IT injections vs. mp; pulsed delivery; peptides; pump partially coated w/ paraffin to reduce release rate to 0.2 ul/hr; Lynch coil used to separate agent from dye for verifying cannula patency (p. 285); diagram of pump, catheter and infusion location (p. 284); pump filled with dye vehicle, tubing filled with vehicle or NT-3, mineral oil spacer separated solution in pump from solution in catheter.

R0204 Mendell,L.M., Munson,J.B., Arvanian,V.L. Neurotrophins and synaptic plasticity in the mammalian spinal cord. Journal of Physiology 2001; 533.1(--):91-97. >>> NT-3; CSF/CNS (nerve); Cat; 5 weeks.

P6311 Coumans,J.V., Lin,T.T-S., Dai,H.N., Macarthur,L., McAtee,M., Nash,C., Bregman,B.S. Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery after Complete Spinal Cord Transection in Rats by Delayed Treatment with Transplants and Neurotropins. The Journal of Neuroscience 2001; 21(-23-):9334-9344. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, human recomb.; NT-3, human recomb.; CSF/CNS (spinal cord, intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; tissue perfusion (fetal spinal cord transplant tissue); good methods p.9335; post op. care (sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim).

P5190 Young,C., Miller,E., Nicklous,D.M., Hoffman,J.R. Nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 affect functional recovery foll owing peripheral nerve injury differently. RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2001; 18(--):167-175. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; Saline; acetate; CSF/CNS (Sciatic nerve); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (sciatic nerve); peptides;.

P4857 Wallin,H.J., Danielsen,N., Johnston,J.M., Gratto,K.A., Karchewski,L.A., Verge,V.M.K. Exogenous NT-3 and NGF differentially modulate PACAP expression in adult sensory neurons, suggesting distinct roles in injury and inflammation. European Journal of Neuroscience 2001; 14(--):267-282. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; PBS; Rat serum albumin; Streptomycin; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, lumbar); rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (lumbosacral junction); peptides; Vehicle contained PBS, RSA (1mg/ml), streptomycin (100ug/ml); mouse B-NGF used..

P5537 Lodovichi,C., Berardi,N., Pizzorusso,T., Maffei,L. Effects of neurotrophins on cortical plasticity: same or different?. J.Neurosci. 2000/3/15; 20(-6-):2155-2165. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; NT-4; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; cytochrome C; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 1007D; 1 week; Functionality of mp verified by detection of neurotrophins by immunohistochemistry; peptides; brain tissue distribution; mouse NGF, human recomb. NT-3 AND NT-4, and human recomb. BDNF used.

P5005 Shoji,F., Miller,A.L., Mitchell,A., Yamasoba,T., Altschuler,R.A., Miller,J.M. Differential protective effects of neurotrophins in the attenuation of noise-induced hair cell loss. Hearing Research 2000; 146(--):134-142. >>> NT-3; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 12 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); functinality of mp verified by residual volume assessment; peptides; in-house catheter created for tissue perfusion;.

P4769 Ramer,M.S, Priestley,J.V., McMahon,S.B. Functional regeneration of sensory axons into the adult spinal cord.. Nature 2000; 403(--):312-316. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-3; Brain- derived neurotrophic factor; Glial-derived neurotrophic factor;; Albumin, rat serum; Saline, sterile;; CSF/CNS (intrathecal);; rat;; 7 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides; rats had received complete crush injuries of 2-3 cervical dorsal roots (rhizotomized);.

P4730 Duan,M., Agerman,K, Ernfors,P., Canlon,B. Complementary roles of neurotrophin 3 and a N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in the protection of noise and aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity.. PNAS 2000; 97(-13-):7597-7602. >>> NT-3; Amikacin;; Perilymph, artificial;; Ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2ML2;; 15 days;; Antibiotic; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic; Group 1 received amikacin, Group 2 received vehicle, Group 3 received amikacin and NT-3; All treatment groups received drug for 1 day, followed by 2 weeks perilymph;.

P4714 Gillespie,D.C, Crair,M.C, Stryker,M.P. Neurotrophin-4/5 alters responses and blocks the effect of monocular deprivation in cat visual cortex during the critical period.. The Journal of Neuroscience 2000; 20(-24-):9174-9186. >>> NT-4/5; NT-3; Nerve growth factor;; PBS; BSA; Sodium acetate;; CSF/CNS (visual cortex);; cat; cat (kitten);; 1007D; 2001;; 7 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 9175) some cannulae were found to be obstructed at the end of experiment; peptides; cannulae patency verified at the end of experiment;.

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5. NT-4-5

P8676 Royo,N.C., LeBold,D., Magge,S.N., Chen,I., Hauspurg,A., Cohen,A.S., Watson,D.J. Neurotrophin-mediated neuroprotection of hippocampal neurons following traumatic brain injury is not associated with acute recovery of hippocampal function. Neuroscience 2007; 148(-2-):359-370. >>> NT-4/5, recomb. human; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS (somatosensory cortex); 1007D; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cortex); good methods (p. 360); ALZET brain infusion kit 2 used; brain tissue distribution; post op. care (recovery on heating pad); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 350-400g); 0.1% BSA.

P8389 Jabbar,S., Harada,F., Aita,M., Ohishi,M., Saito,I., Kawano,Y., Suzuki,A., Nozawa-Inoue,K., Maeda,T. Involvement of neurotrophin-4/5 in regeneration of the periodontal Ruffini endings at the early stage. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2007; 501(-3-):400-412. >>> NT-4/5, recomb.; Saline, physiological; SC; Mice; 1002; 7, 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or no treatment; replacement therapy (nt-4-5 knock out); peptides; animal info (12 wks old, 20-28g.); inferior alveolar nerve transection.

P6930 Gillespie,L.N., Clark,G.M., Marzella,P.L. Delayed neurotrophin treatment supports auditory neuron survival in deaf guinea pigs. NeuroReport 2004; 15(-7-):1121-1125. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; nerve growth factor; NT-3; NT-4/5; Ear (scala tympani, cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Tissue perfusion.

P5632 Wahle,P., Di Cristo,G., Schwerdtfeger,G., Engelhardt,M., Berardi,N., Maffei,L. Differential effects of cortical neurotrophic factors on development of lateral geniculate nucleus and superior colliculus neurons: anterograde and retrograde actions. Development 2003; 130(-3-):611-622. >>> Nerve growth factor; NT-4/5; brainderived neurotrophic factor; leukemia inhibitory factor; CSF/CNS (visual cortex); Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ cytochrome C; peptides..

P4747 Kernie,S.G, Liebl,D.J, Parada,L.F. BDNF regulates eating behavior and locomotor activity in mice.. The European Molecular Biology Organization Journal 2000; 19(-6-):1290-1300. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Nerve growth factor; NT-4/5;; PBS;; CSF/CNS (third ventricle);; mice;; 1002;; 14 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume after sacrifice; peptides; ALZET brain infusion kit used; brain cannula secured to skull by cyanoacrylate adhesive (Loctite 454); cannula patency verified by methlene blue injection after sacrifice; recomb. human BDNF used; all neurotrophins infused via same pump;.

P4714 Gillespie,D.C, Crair,M.C, Stryker,M.P. Neurotrophin-4/5 alters responses and blocks the effect of monocular deprivation in cat visual cortex during the critical period.. The Journal of Neuroscience 2000; 20(-24-):9174-9186. >>> NT-4/5; NT-3; Nerve growth factor;; PBS; BSA; Sodium acetate;; CSF/CNS (visual cortex);; cat; cat (kitten);; 1007D; 2001;; 7 days;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 9175) some cannulae were found to be obstructed at the end of experiment; peptides; cannulae patency verified at the end of experiment;.

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6. Nerve Growth Factor

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