References Where the ALZET® Osmotic Pumps Were Used In Various Animal Models for Spinal Cord Injury Research

R0251 McKerracher,L., Higuchi,H. Targeting Rho to stimulate repair after spinal cord injury. Journal of Neurotrauma 2006; 23(-3-4-):309-317. >>> C3 transferase; Y-27632; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; ; Enzyme inhibitor (Rho kinase); review, see p. 313-314, ref. Fournier et al; Ramer et al; spinal cord injury.

P9186 White,R.E., Yin,F.Q., Jakeman,L.B. TGF-alpha increases astrocyte invasion and promotes axonal growth into the lesion following spinal cord injury in mice. Experimental Neurology 2008; 214(-1-):10-24. >>> Transforming growth factor-alpha; Serum, mouse; PBS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Mice; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; post op. care (Baytril); animal info (female, adult, C57BL/6, 10 wks old, 17-20 g.); spinal cord injury; pumps were primed in saline at 37 degree Celsius for 24 hours; pumps were weighed before and after filling; good methods.

P9177 Holmberg,E., Zhang,S.X., Sarmiere,P.D., Kluge,B.R., White,J.T., Doolen,S. Statins decrease chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expression and acute astrocyte activation in central nervous system injury. Experimental Neurology 2008; 214(-1-):78-86. >>> Simvastatin; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2004; 4 weeks; Comparison of PO gavage vs. mp; ALZET brain infusion kit used; post op. care (buprenorphine); animal info (female, Long Evans, adult, 200-22 g.); cannula placement confirmed by preparing cryosections of the brain at the lateral ventricle and verifying the presence of a cavity created by the cannula; spinal cord injury.

P9168 Bao,F., Chen,Y.H., Schneider,K.A., Weaver,L.C. An integrin inhibiting molecule decreases oxidative damage and improves neurological function after spinal cord injury. Experimental Neurology 2008; 214(-2-):160-167. >>> BIO5192; Tris lactose; IV (jugular); Rat; 2001D; 1 day; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, female, Wistar, 200-220 g.); incorrectly stated 1003D pump has 200 ul reservoir; pumps were primed in 37 degree Celsius saline for 4 hours; BIO5192 is an alpha4beta1 inhibitor; spinal cord injury; PE10 connected to silastic medical grade tubing.

P9167 Bretzner,F., Liu,J., Currie,E., Roskams,A.J., Tetzlaff,W. Undesired effects of a combinatorial treatment for spinal cord injury - transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells and BDNF infusion to the red nucleus. European Journal of Neuroscience 2008; 28(-9-):1795-1807. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; PBS; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2002; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, adult, 300-400 g.); 28 gauge cannula, silastic tubing used; spinal cord injury; wound clips used.

P9132 Liu,S., Xu,G.Y., Johnson,K.M., Echetebu,C., Ye,Z.M., Hulsebosch,C.E., McAdoo,D.J. Regulation of interleukin-1beta by the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in the glutamate-injured spinal cord: Endogenous neuroprotection. Brain Research 2008; 1231(-;-):63-74. >>> Interleukin-1, beta-, recomb.; interleukin-1, receptor antagonist; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (subarachnoid space); Rat; 1003D; 3 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 200-250 g.); spinal cord injury.

P9090 Wannier-Morino,P., Schmidlin,E., Freund,P., Belhaj-Saif,A., Bloch,J., Mir,A., Schwab,M.E., Rouiller,E.M., Wannier,T. Fate of rubrospinal neurons after unilateral section of the cervical spinal cord in adult macaque monkeys: Effects of an antibody treatment neutralizing Nogo-A. Brain Research 2008; 1217(-;-):96-109. >>> Immunoglobulin G, monoclonal, mouse; antibody, anti-Nogo-A monoclonal, human; anitbody, anti-Nogo-A monoclonal, mouse; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Monkey; 2ML2; ; Control animals received mp w/ control antibodies; animal info (macaque, 3-8 years old); pumps replaced every 2 weeks; polyethylene tubing used; spinal cord injury.

P9079 Hurtado,A., Podinin,H., Oudega,M., Grimpe,B. Deoxyribozyme-mediated knockdown of xylosyltransferase-1 mRNA promotes axon growth in the adult rat spinal cord. Brain 2008; 131(-;-):2596-2605. >>> Deoxyribozyme, XT-1; CSF/CNS (spinal cord, intrathecal); Rat; 1007D; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ control deoxyribozyme or mp w/ saline; pumps replaced after 7 days; post op. care (gentamicin); animal info (female, Sprague Dawley, 200-225 g.); spinal cord injury; compound also known as DNAXTas; control also known as DNAXTmb; schematic w/ pump on fig. 1; custom cannula used.

P8873 Terayama,R., Omura,S., Fujisawa,N., Yamaai,T., Ichikawa,H., Sugimoto,T. Activation of microglia and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the dorsal column nucleus contributes to tactile allodynia following peripheral nerve injury. Neuroscience 2008; 153(-4-):1245-1255. >>> SB203580; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, cisterna magna); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (p38 MAP kinase); animal info (male, Sprague Dawley, 250-300g., spinal cord injury); PE10 tubing used; pump infusion schematic pg. 1246, Fig. 1.

P8706 Vavrek,R., Pearse,D.D., Fouad,K. Neuronal populations capable of regeneration following a combined treatment in rats with spinal cord transection. Journal of Neurotrauma 2007; 24(-10-):1667-1673. >>> Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 4 weeks; Animal info (female, Fischer, adult, spinal cord injury); chondroitinase ABC injected into IT catheter every other day for 4 weeks; saline mp used to keep catheters clear between injections.

P8458 Byrnes,K.R., Stoica,B.A., Fricke,S., Di Giovanni,S., Faden,A.I. Cell cycle activation contributes to post-mitotic cell death and secondary damage after spinal cord injury. Brain 2007; 130(--):2977-2992. >>> Flavopiridol; Saline; DMSO; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 275-325g); contusion spinal cord injury; 1% DMSO.

P7994 Vavrek,R., Girgis,J., Tetzlaff,W., Hebert,G.W., Fouad,K. BDNF promotes connections of corticospinal neurons onto spared descending interneurons in spinal cord injured rats. Brain 2006; 129(--):1534-1545. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NT-3; Albumin, rat serum; CSF/CNS (left motor cortex, intrathecal, cisterna magna); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; ALZET brain infusion kit used; SCI (spinal cord injury); dental cement used to secure cannula; NT-3 delivered intrathecally; tissue perfusion (left motor cortex).

P7808 Karimi-Abdolrezaee,S., Eftekharpour,E., Wang,J., Morshead,C.M., Fehlings,M.G. Delayed transplantation of adult neural precursor cells promotes remyelination and functional neurological recovery after spinal cord injury. Journal of Neuroscience 2006; 26(-13-):3377-3389. >>> Fibroblast growth factor, basic; epidermal growth factor; platelet-derived growth factor-AA; CSF, artificial; gentamycin; BSA; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Peptides; animal info (female, Wistar, 250g., spinal cord injury, neural precursor cells transplantation).

P7663 Kaplin,A.I., Deshpande,D.M., Scott,E., Krishnan,C., Carmen,J.S., Shats,I., Martinez,T., Drummond,J., Dike,S., Pletnikov,M., Keswani,S.C., Moran,T.H., Pardo,C.A., Calabresi,P.A., Kerr,D.A. IL-6 induces regionally selective spinal cord injury in patients with the neuroinflammatory disorder transverse myelitis. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2005; 115(-10-):2731-2741. >>> Interleukin 6, recomb. rat; PBS; BSA; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; immunology; neurodegenerative (transverse myelitis, spinal cord injury); animal info (Sprague-Dawley, adult); SCI.

P7652 bdel-Karim,A.M., Barthlow,H.G., Bialecki,R.A., Elhilali,M.M. Effects of M274773 a neurokinin-2 receptor antagonist, on bladder function in chronically spinalized rats. Journal of Urology 2005; 174(-4-):1488-1492. >>> M274773; PEG 400; saline; SC; Rat; 2004; 1, 2 weeks; Animal info (female, Sprague-Dawley, 200-250 g); spinal cord injury (SCI).

P7563 Ikegami,T., Nakamura,M., Yamane,J., Katoh,H., Okada,S., Iwanami,A., Watanabe,K., Ishii,K., Kato,F., Fujita,H., Takahashi,T., Okano,H.J., Toyama,Y., Okano,H. Chondroitinase ABC combined with neural stem/progenitor cell transplantation enhances graft cell migration and outgrowth of growth-associated protein-43-positive fibers after rat spinal cord injury. European Journal of Neuroscience 2005; 22(-12-):3036-3046. >>> Chondroitinase ABC; Saline, physiological; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Rat; 2001; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ heat inactivated agent; stability verified by ALZAID chemical compability test kit for 7 days; animal info (adult, female, Sprague-Dawley 230-250 g); mp primed overnight in 37 C saline; spinal cord injury.

P7265 Ji,B.X., Li,M.W., Budel,S., Pepinsky,R.B., Walus,L., Engber,T.M., Strittmatter,S.M., Relton,J.K. Effect of combined treatment with methylprednisolone and soluble Nogo-66 receptor after rat spinal cord injury. European Journal of Neuroscience 2005; 22(-3-):587-594. >>> Nogo-66 receptor (27-310) ecto-Fc; immunoglobulin G, rat; PBS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle rat IgG; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; stability verified by analysis of remaining mp contents; post op. care (buprenorphine/buprenex, ampicillin); spinal cord injury.

P6902 Fouad,K., Schnell,L., Bunge,M.B., Schwab,M.E., Liebscher,T., Pearse,D.D. Combining Schwann cell bridges and olfactory-ensheathing glia grafts with chondroitinase promotes locomotor recovery after complete transection of the spinal cord. Journal of Neuroscience 2005; 25(-5-):1169-1178. >>> Chondroitinase ABC; antibody, immunoglobulin G, recomb. mouse; galactosidase; Saline; PBS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, lumbar); Rat; 2002; 4 weeks; Comparison of IT injections vs. mp; pumps replaced at two weeks; post op. care (antibiotic); spinal cord injury; Recathco catheter used; behavioral study.

P6803 Colpaert,F.C., Wu,W.P., Hao,J.X., Royer,I., Sautel,F., Wiesenfeld-Hallin,Z., Xu,X.J. High-efficacy 5-HT1A receptor activation causes a curative-like action on allodynia in rats with spinal cord injury. European Journal of Pharmacology 2004; 497(-1-):29-33. >>> F13640; SC; Rat; 2ML4; 56 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; long-term study; pumps replaced at day 28; 5-HT1A receptor agonist; spinal cord injury; pain.

P6801 Iannotti,C., Zhang,Y.P., Shields,C.B., Han,Y.C., Burke,D.A., Xu,X.M. A neuroprotective role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor following moderate spinal cord contusion injury. Experimental Neurology 2004; 189(-2-):317-332. >>> Glial-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; glial-derived neurotrophic factor, alexa S94 dye-conjugated; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2004; 3 weeks; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume and cannula patency; good methods p. 318; brain tissue distribution; spinal cord injury.

P6538 Grimpe,B., Silver,J. A novel DNA enzyme reduces glycosaminoglycan chains in the glial scar and allows microtransplanted dorsal root ganglia axons to regenerate beyond lesions in the spinal cord. Journal of Neuroscience 2004; 24(-6-):1393-1397. >>> Oligodeoxyribonucleotide, phosphorothioated; CSF/CNS (intrathecal, subarachnoid space); Mice; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ control DNA enzyme; antisense (xylosyltransferase-1); spinal cord injury; PE-60 tubing connected to PE-10 tubing for IT delivery; DNA enzyme against xylosyltransferase-1 (XT-1).

P6451 Seki,S., Sasaki,K., Igawa,Y., Nishizawa,O., Chancellor,M.B., De Groat,W.C., Yoshimura,N. Suppression of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia by immunoneutralization of nerve growth factor in lumbosacral spinal cord in spinal cord injured rats. Journal of Urology 2004; 171(-1-):478-482. >>> Antibody, anti-nerve growth factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; spinal cord injury; PE-10 used for catheterization.

P6347 Kim,D.H., Jahng,T.A. Continuous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) infusion after methylprednisolone treatment in severe spinal cord injury. Journal of Korean Medical Science 2004; 19(-1-):113-122. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2004; 6 weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit; spinal cord injury; behavorial study.

P5597 Fournier,A.E., Takizawa,B.T., Strittmatter,S.M. Rho kinase inhibition enhances axonal regeneration in the injured CNS. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-4-):1416-1423. >>> C3 Transferase; Glutathione S-transferase; Y-27632; PBS; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 2-3 weeks; Enzyme inhibitor (protein kinase); peptides; spinal cord injury; Y-27632 is a Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor.

P4940 Jones,L.L., Tuszynski,M.H. Chronic intrathecal infusions after spinal cord injury cause scarring and compression. MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE 2001; 54(--):317-324. >>> Dye, Evans Blue; Saline; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); Rat; 2002; 5 or 12 days; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by infusion of dye; pumps replaced after 5 of 12 days of infusion with fresh pumps filled with Evans Blue dye; dye infusion was for 2 days; catheter patency verified by infusion of Evans Blue dye; spinal cord injury; PE-10 was connected to PE-60 tubing..

P3678 Krenz,N.R., Meakin,S.O., Krassioukov,A.V., Weaver,L.C. Neutralizing intraspinal nerve growth factor blocks autonomic dysreflexia caused by spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 2003; 19(-17-):7405-7414. >>> Antibody, anti-nerve growth factor; Antibody, Immunoglobulin G; CSF, artificial; CSF/CNS (intrathecal); knee (articular cavity); Rat; 2ML2; 2 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; spinal cord injury; PE-10 intrathecal catheter tubing was perforated along its length and tip was sealed; PE-100 catheter used for knee joint infusion.