References on the Microperfusion of Solid Tissue Using ALZET® Osmotic Pumps

R0213 Duan,M.L., Ulfendahl,M., Laurell,G., Counter,A.S, Pyykko,I., Borg,E., Rosenhall,U. Protection and treatment of sensorineural hearing disorders caused by exogenous factors: experimental findings and potential clinical application. Hearing Research 2002; 169(--):169-178. >>> Liposomes, cationic; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; ; Gene therapy; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

R0183 Lalwani,A.K., Jero,J., Mhatre,A.N. Developments in cochlear gene therapy. GENETIC HEARING IMPAIRMENT: ITS CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS 2002; 61(-;-):28-33. >>> ; Ear; ; Gene therapy; review of gene vectors and routes of delivery for cochlear gene therapy; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

R0164 Lalwani,A.K., Jero,J., Mhatre,A.N. Current issues in cochlear gene transfer. Audiol.Neurootol. 2002/5; 7(-3-):146-151. >>> Gene vectors; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 1007D; ; Gene therapy; review of various cochlear gene delivery methods; diagram of the various delivery methods (p. 147); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

R0146 Wanamaker,H.H. Perfusion of the inner ear; basic science considerations. Curent Opinion in Otolarynology&Head and Neck Surgery 2001; 9(--):329-332. >>> ; ear; ; IntraEar catheter used; review article describing ear delivery, dose response; ALZET and IntraEAR catheter mentioned p. 330; tissue perfusion.

P9200 Doerr,M.D., Goravanahally,M.P., Rhinehart,J.D., Inskeep,E.K., Flores,J.A. Effects of endothelin receptor type-A and type-B antagonists on prostaglandin F2alpha-induced luteolysis of the sheep corpus luteum. Biology of Reproduction 2008; 78(-4-):688-696. >>> BQ123; BQ610; BQ788; Methanol; saline; Intraovarian (corpus luteum); Sheep; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (corpus luteum); good methods (pg. 689); post op. care (penicillin); animal info (female); pumps were primed overnight prior to surgery; vinyl catheter tubing (0007760) used; catheter stabilized to connective tissue capsule and ovarian tunica albuginea using nylon monofilament; all compounds are EDNRA type-A endothelin antagonists.

P9110 Banaszak,S., Brudney,A., Donnelly,K., Chai,D., Chwalisz,K., Fazleabas,A.T. Modulation of the action of chorionic gonadotropin in the baboon (Papio anubis) uterus by a progesterone receptor antagonist (ZK 137. 316). Biol.Reprod. 2000/9; 63(-3-):820-825. >>> Gonadotrophin, human chorionic; Intraovarian; Monkey (baboon); 4 days; Animal info (ovariectomized).

P9057 Masunaga,S., Sakurai,Y., Nagata,K., Suzuki,M., Maruhashi,A., Kinashi,Y., Nagasawa,H., Uto,Y., Hori,H., Ono,K. The usefulness of a continuous administration of tirapazamine combined with reduced dose-rate irradiation using gamma-rays or reactor thermal neutrons. British Journal of Radiology 2006; 79(-948-):991-998. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; tirapazamine; Saline; SC; Mice; 2001D; 5 days; 24 hours; Tissue perfusion (tumor); comparison of IP injections vs. mp; cancer; animal info (8-11 wks old, female, syngenic C3H, He); tirapazamine, also known as TP2, is a lead compound as a bioreactive hypoxic cytotoxin; labing of P cells; cancer.

P8930 Abbaspour,A., Takata,S., Sairyo,K., Katoh,S., Yukata,K., Yasul,N. Continuous local infusion of fibroblast growth factor-2 enhances consolidation of the bone segment lengthened by distraction osteogenesis in rabbit experiment. Bone 2008; 42(-1-):98-106. >>> Fibroblast growth factor-2, recomb. human; Bone (tibia); Rabbit; 2ML4; 14 days; half-life (p. 104) "relatively short"; animal info (male, 1.8-2.2 kg., osteotomized); polyvinyl catheter tubing used; pump image fig. 1e.

P8729 Masunaga,S., Takahashi,A., Ohnishi,K., Nagata,K., Suzuki,M., Kashino,G., Kinashi,Y., Ohnishi,T., Ono,K. Dependency of repair of radiation-induced damage on p53 status and efficient inhibition of the repair with wortmannin treatment in vivo, with reference to the effect on intratumor quiescent cell population. Oncology Reports 2007; 18(-6-):1589-1596. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; Saline; SC; Mice (nude); 2001; 7 days; Tissue perfusion (tumor); cancer; animal info (Balb/cA, nude); labeling of tumor cells.

P8724 Hori,R., Nakagawa,T., Sakamoto,T., Matsuoka,Y., Takebayashi,S., Ito,J. Pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling in the mature guinea pig cochlea. NeuroReport 2007; 18(-18-):1911-1914. >>> MDL 28170; DMSO; PBS; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 1002; 14 days; Tissue perfusion (cochlea); enzyme inhibitor (gamma secretase); peptides; animal info (Hartley strain, 350-400g); MDL 28170 is a gamma-secretase inhibitor; 0.3% DMSO used; "a silicon tube (180 micron OD) connected to a micro-osmotic minipump...".

P8680 Joyce,M.M., Burghardt,R.C., Geisert,R.D., Burghardt,J.R., Hooper,R.N., Ross,J.W., Ashworth,M.D., Johnson,G.A. Pig conceptuses secrete estrogen and interferons to differentially regulate uterine STAT1 in a temporal and cell type-specific manner. Endocrinology 2007; 148(-9-):4420-4431. >>> Conceptus secretory proteins, porcine; Intrauterine; Pig; 2ML1; ; Controls received mp w/ albumin, porcine serum; tissue perfusion (uterus); good methods p. 4421; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female).

P8536 Joyce,M.M., Burghardt,J.R., Burghardt,R.C., Hooper,R.N., Jaeger,L.A., Spencer,T.E., Bazer,F.W., Johnson,G.A. Pig conceptuses increase uterine interferon-regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), but restrict expression to stroma through estrogen- induced IRF2 in luminal epithelium. Biology of Reproduction 2007; 77(-2-):292-302. >>> Conceptus secretory proteins, porcine; Albumin, porcine serum; dye, india ink; PBS; Intrauterine (uterine horn); Pig; 2ML1; 4 days; Controls received mp w/ PSA; peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2); animal info (female, pseudopregnant); india ink used to confirm agent distribution in uterus; tissue perfusion (uterine horn).

P8496 Sun,Z.Y., Rafferty,K.L., Egbert,M.A., Herring,S.W. Masticatory mechanics of a mandibular distraction osteogenesis site: Interfragmentary micromovement. Bone 2007; 41(-2-):188-196. >>> Amikacin; Sub-masseteric tunnel; Pig; 2ML2; 14 days; Bone healing; x-ray image showing pump adjacent to mandible bone (p. 189); pump positioned near mandible bone to deliver antibiotics for infection control; tissue perfusion (sub-masseteric tunnel).

P8478 Ma,T., Gutnick,J., Salazar,B., Larsen,M.D., Suenaga,E., Zilber,S., Huang,Z., Huddleston,J., Smith,R.L., Goodman,S. Modulation of allograft incorporation by growth factors over a prolonged continuous infusion of duration in vivo. Bone 2007; 41(-3-):386-392. >>> Fibroblast growth factor-2; osteogenic protein-1, recomb. human; Water, distilled; acetate buffer; Bone (tibia); Rabbit; 2004; 4,36 weeks; Controls received no treatment to contralateral side; long-term study; pumps replaced every 4 weeks, with 4 week rest periods between 4 week infusion periods; animal info (New Zealand white, 6-12 months old, 3.5-4.2 kg); peptides; OP-1 also known as bone morphogenic protein-7 (BMP-7); unique drug test chamber and bone harvest chamber used in conjunction with mp.

P8429 Frederiksen,B.L., Caye-Thomasen,P., Lund,S.P., Wagner,N., Asal,K., Olsen,N.V., Thomsen,J. Does erythropoietin augment noise induced hearing loss?. Hearing Research 2007; 223(-1-2-):129-137. >>> Erythropoietin; Ear (round window); Guinea-Pig; 1007D; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ saline; replacement therapy (noise-induced hearing impairment); comparison of acute admin. vs. mp; peptides; animal info (male, Dunkin-Hartley); mp primed 6 hours in 37 Celsius saline; correct catheter placement confirmed; tissue perfusion (round window).

P8402 Maruyama,J., Yamagata,T., Ulfendahl,M., Bredberg,G., Altschuler,R.A., Miller,J.M. Effects of antioxidants on auditory nerve function and survival in deafened guinea pigs. NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2007; 25(-2-):309-318. >>> Trolox; neomycin; ascorbic acid; Perilymph, artificial; sodium bicarbonate; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-Pig; 2002; 26 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 14 days; post op. care (doxycycline); animal info (male, pigmented, 250-400g., neomycin deafening); cannula primed with 10% neomycin solution followed by a small air bubble spacer to allow neomycin infusion for first 2 days; trolox, a vitamin F analogue, and ascorbic acid delivered together in 1 mp; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P8388 Sendowski,I., Abaamrane,L., Raffin,F., Cros,A., Clarencon,D. Therapeutic efficacy of intra-cochlear administration of methylprednisolone after acoustic trauma caused by gunshot noise in guinea pigs. Hearing Research 2006; 221(-1-2-):119-127. >>> Methylprednisolone; perilymph, artificial; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2001; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or non-implanted ear; dose-response (fig. 1); pumps replaced after 7 days of artifical perilymph; animal info (pigmented, 400-500g., acoustic trauma, gunshot); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P8368 Wang,J., Ruel,J., Ladrech,S., Bonny,C., Van de Water,T.R., Puel,J.L. Inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase-mediated mitochondrial cell death pathway restores auditory function in sound-exposed animals. MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY 2007; 71(-3-):654-666. >>> Jun, c-, N-Terminal kinase Inhibitor-1, D-; peptide, D-TAT; Jun, c-, N-Terminal kinase Inhibitor-1-mutant; Perilymph, artificial; PBS; Ear (round window membrane); Guinea-Pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or inactive JNKI-1-mutant or TAT-empt peptide or contralateral untreated ear; dose-response (fig 6); comparison of acute infusion vs. hyaluronic acid gel vs.; enzyme inhibitor (c-Jun N-terminal kinase); peptides; animal info (pigmented, 250-300g.; sound trauma); D-JNKI-1 peptide contains a 10-amino acid HIV-TAT transporter sequece to facilitate its entry into cells; tissue perfusion (round window membrane).

P8287 Manabe,T., Okino,H., Maeyama,R., Mizumoto,K., Tanaka,M., Matsuda,T. New infusion device for trans-tissue, sustained local delivery of anticancer agent to surgically resected tissue: Potential use for suppression of local recurrence of pancreatic cancer. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS 2005; 73B(-1-):203-207. >>> Gemcitabine; SC; Mice (nude); 1007D; 7 days; Tissue perfusion (intratumoral); comparison of IP injections; cancer (pancreatic); animal info (five week old); pump used as part of a novel infusion device; pictures of device p. 205; PE tubing used to connect pump to perfusion device; continuous infusion resulted in macroscopically undetectable tumors after day 6.

P8176 Radeloff,A., Smolders,J.W.T. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor treatment does not improve functional recovery after hair cell regeneration in the pigeon. Acta Oto-laryngologica 2006; 126(-5-):452-459. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; PBS; albumin, chicken; Hank's solution; Ear (scala tympani); Bird (pigeon); 2002; 8 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or no treatment to contralateral ear; long-term study; pumps replaced every 14 days; ALZET brain infusion kit used; peptides; animal info (Columba livia, 6 months old, 320-580 grams); deafening of both ears; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P8163 Boodhwani,M., Mieno,S., Voisine,P., Feng,J., Sodha,N., Li,J., Sellke,F.W. High-dose atorvastatin is associated with impaired myocardial angiogenesis in response to vascular endothelial growth factor in hypercholesterolemic swine. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2006; 132(-6-):1299-1306. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor 165, recomb. human; Heparin; Perivascular (circumflex coronary artery); Mini-pig; 2ML4; 4 weeks; Cardiovascular; peptides; ischemia (cardiac); animal info (male, female, yucatan, 20-30 kg, 23 weeks old).

P8059 Hara,H., Takeno,K., Shimogori,H., Yamashita,H. CGRP expression in the vestibular periphery after transient blockage of bilateral vestibular input. ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2005; 67(-5-):259-265. >>> Tetrodotoxin; Ear (cochlea perilymphatic space); Guinea-pig; 2002; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ sterile saline; post op. care (piperacillin sodium); animal info (male, Hartley, 600g.); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P8058 Wahl,E.C., Perrien,D.S., Aronson,J., Liu,Z.D., Fletcher,T.W., Skinner,R.A., Feige,U., Suva,L.J., Badger,T.M., Lumpkin,CK Jr  ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2005; 29(-8-):1466-1472. >>> Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; tumor necrosis factor-a, recomb. rat; interleukin-1, recomb. rat; PBS; BSA; SC; bone (tibia); Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig 3); no stress (see p. 1467, 1468, 1469); peptides; post op. care (buprenex); animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley).

P8020 Ma,T., Nelson,E.R., Mawatari,T., Oh,K.J., Larsen,D.M., Smith,R.L., Goodman,S.B. Effects of local infusion of OP-1 on particle-induced and NSAID-induced inhibition of bone ingrowth in vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A 2006; 79A(-3-):740-746. >>> OP-1, recomb. human; Acetate buffer; Bone (tibia); Rabbit; 2004; 6, 24 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; long-term study; pumps replaced every 4-6 weeks; stress/adverse reaction (see pg. 742) implant (DTC and mp) infection in one animal [manufacturer note: pumps are provided sterile]; peptides; post op. care (cephalosporin); animal info (male, New Zealand white, 6-12 months old, 3.5-4.2 kg); agent also know as bone morphogenic protein-7; mp implanted with a titanium drug test chamber (DTC).

P7971 Sosenko,I.R.S., Kallapur,S.G., Nitsos,I., Moss,T.J.M., Newnham,J.P., Ikegami,M., Jobe,A.H. IL-1 alpha causes lung inflammation and maturation by direct effects on preterm fetal lamb lungs. PEDIATRIC RESEARCH 2006; 60(-3-):294-298. >>> Interleukin-1, alpha, recomb. ovine; Intratracheal; Sheep (fetus); 2001D; ; Controls received mp w/ saline; animal info (merino, ewes + fetuses); silicone tubing used to collect lung fluid; vinyl tubing for intratracheal infusion; tissue perfusion (trachea).

P7938 Bartlett,C.S., Rapuano,B.E., Lorich,D.G., Wu,T., Anderson,R.C., Tomin,E., Hsu,J.F., Lane,J.M., Helfet,D.L. Early changes in prostaglandins precede bone formation in a rabbit model of heterotopic ossification. Bone 2006; 38(-3-):322-332. >>> AH 6809; cyclic AMP, Rp-; IM (vastus intermedius); Rabbit; 2ML2; 14 days; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume; no stress (see pg. 326); animal info (New Zealand); plain and high resolution (Faxitron) radiographs; fig 7 and 9; tissue perfusion (vastus intermedius); agent is a PGE2/PGD receptor antagonist.

P7937 Bartoli,M.A., Parodi,F.E., Chu,J., Pagano,M.B., Mao,D.L., Baxter,B.T., Buckley,C., Ennis,T.L., Thompson,R.W. Localized administration of doxycycline suppresses aortic dilatation in an experimental mouse model of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Annals of Vascular Surgery 2006; 20(-2-):228-236. >>> Doxycycline hydrochloride; Saline; SC; IP; aorta; Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (aorta); dose-response (table 1); comparison of oral vs. mp; half-life (p. 234), 26.5 hours; cardiovascular; animal info (C57BL/6J, male, 8-10 weeks old, 20-35 grams); catheter secured to a polyvinyl alcohol sponge positioned over the anterior surface of the aorta and secured to retroperitoneal tissues; (quote p. 233).

P7905 Shir,A., Ogris,M., Wagner,E., Levitzki,A. EGF receptor-targeted synthetic double-stranded RNA eliminates glioblastoma, breast cancer, and adenocarcinoma tumors in mice. PLOS MEDICINE 2006; 3(-1-):125-135. >>> RNA, double stranded; polyinosine-cytosine (poly IC) dsRNA; Non-viral vector; SC; Mice; 2001D; 2 days; Per communication with author on 8/11/07, "We did not have any particular problems with the anesthesia exposure. For the pump replacement procedure Ketamine/Xylazine 2% (0.85ml/0.15ml), 40-50 ul IP per mouse (25 gram) was used. Replacing of the pump was not problematic either. The skin was closed with a surgical clips which are less traumatic to the mice and are easily applied and removed." 2001D pump replaced every day for two days total duration; synthetic dsRNA was attached to a non-viral vector (PEI-PEG-EGF beta PEI-Mel complexes) with specificity to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); controls received vector only (no poly IC); tissue perfusion (intratumoral); cancer (glioblastoma, breast, adenocarcinoma).

P7849 Sanada,H., Yatabe,J., Midorikawa,S., Katoh,T., Hashimoto,S., Watanabe,T., Xu,J., Luo,Y.J., Wang,X.Y., Zeng,C.Y., Armando,I., Felder,R.A., Jose,P.A. Amelioration of genetic hypertension by suppression of renal G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 4 expression. Hypertension 2006; 47(-6-):1131-1139. >>> Oligodeoxynucleotide, phosphorothioate antisense; oligodeoxy nucleotide, missense; Ringer's solution, lactated; Kidney; Rat; 2001; 2004; 5 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or missense oligos; tissue perfusion (kidney); pumps replaced after 1 week of vehicle; no stress (see pg. 1135); antisense (GRK4); cardiovascular; animal info (male, Wistar-Kyoto, SHR, 4 wk. old).

P7765 Richardson,R.T., O'Leary,S., Wise,A., Hardman,J., Clark,G. A single dose of neurotrophin-3 to the cochlea surrounds spiral ganglion neurons and provides trophic support. Hearing Research 2005; 204(-1-2-):37-47. >>> NT-3, recomb. human; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ringer's solution; Ear (scalatympani); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Comparison of bolus infusion vs. mp; peptides; animal info (adult, pigmented Dunkin-Hartley, 455g.); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7647 Barber,M.N., Gaspari,T.A., Kairuz,E.M., Dusting,G.J., Woods,R.L. Atrial natriuretic peptide preserves endothelial function during intimal hyperplasia. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH 2005; 42(-2-):101-110. >>> Atrial natriuretic peptide; C-type natriuretic peptide; Saline, sterile; IA (carotid); perivascular (arterial collar); Rabbit; 2001; 7 days; Cardiovascular; animal info (New Zealand white, 3-4 kg).

P7629 Li,Y., Wo,J.M., Su,R.F.R., Ray,M.B., Jones,W., Martin,R.C.G. Esophageal injury with external esophageal perfusion. Journal of Surgical Research 2005; 129(-1-):107-113. >>> Bile; Saline; Intra-esophageal; Rat; 2ML1; 2ML2; 2ML4; 1,2,4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 109 and 111); good methods (p. 108); animal info (8 weeks old, Sprague-Dawley); pump/catheter schematic (p. 108); pump used in a novel, external esophageal perfusion model to induce esophageal injury; PE-50 used to cannulate the esophageal wall and connect pumps; surgical technique described in detail (p. 108); 0.5% bovine bile, pH 7.4; tissue perfusion; pump implanted on back of neck and connected to the tubing.

P7529 Tanaka,K., Takemoto,T., Sugahara,K., Okuda,T., Mikuriya,T., Takeno,K., Hashimoto,M., Shimogori,H., Yamashita,H. Post-exposure administration of edaravone attenuates noise-induced hearing loss. European Journal of Pharmacology 2005; 522(-1-3-):116-121. >>> Edaravone; saline; Water; NaOH; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 12 hours; Controls received no treatment to left ear; pumps replaced, mp w/ saline used then replaced with mp with agent; stability verified for 24 hours; post op. care (antibiotic ointment); animal info (male, Hartley, 300-450 g); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P7331 Wise,A.K., Richardson,R., Hardman,J., Clark,G., O'Leary,S. Resprouting and survival of guinea pig cochlear neurons in response to the administration of the neurotrophins brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2005; 487(-2-):147-165. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; NT-3; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ Ringer's solution; cannula patency ascertained by visual inspection; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7306 Shepherd,R.K., Coco,A., Epp,S.B., Crook,J.M. Chronic depolarization enhances the trophic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rescuing auditory neurons following a sensorineural hearing loss. Journal of Comparative Neurology 2005; 486(-2-):145-158. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, recomb. human; perilymph, artificial; Ringer's solution; albumin, recomb. guinea-pig; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-Pig; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ artificial perilymph or untreated contralateral cochlea; functionality of mp verified by residual fluid, cannula connection and patency; no stress (see pg. 155); good methods; peptides; post op. care (carprofen, Baytril); mp primed 36-48 hours in 37 degrees celsius Ringer's solution; Electrode array also inserted into scala tympani; "We observed no evidence of mechanical trauma to cochlea following long-term implantation and AP or BDNF delivery." (p. 155); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7209 Wimmer,C., Mees,K., Stumpf,T., Welsch,U., Reichel,O., Suckfuell,M. Round window application of D-methionine, sodium thiosulfate, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and fibroblast growth factor-2 in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. OTOLOGY&NEUROTOLOGY 2004; 25(-1-):33-40. >>> Methionine, D-; filoblast growth factor 2; thiosulfate, sodium petahydrate; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Water; PBS; Ear (round window membrane); Guinea-Pig; 2001; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; mp primed > 12 hours in saline; tissue perfusion (round window membrane).

P7117 Luebke,A.E., Foster,P.K., Muller,C.D., Peel,A.L. Cochlear function and transgene expression in the guinea pig cochlea, using adenovirus and adeno-associated virus-directed gene transfer. Human Gene Therapy 2001; 12(--):773-781. >>> Adenovirus vector; virus, adeno-associated; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, and no treatment to contralateral ear; no stress (see pg. 778); good methods; gene therapy; cyanoacrylate adhesive; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7105 Roberson,D.W., Alosi,J.A., Cotanche,D.A. Direct transdifferentiation gives rise to the earliest new hair cells in regenerating avian auditory epithelium. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2004; 78(-4-):461-471. >>> Uridine, bromodeoxy-; Ear (cochlea); Bird (chicken); 2002; 3-11 days; Controls received untreated contralateral ear; functionality of mp verified by (epithelial immunohistochemistry); stability verified by epithelial immunohistochemistry; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P7104 Minami,S.B., Yamashita,D., Schacht,J., Miller,J.M. Calcineurin activation contributes to noise-induced hearing loss. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2004; 78(-3-):383-392. >>> FK-506; cyclosporin A; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or contralateral untreated cochlea; dose-response (fig. 3); stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 385) 4 of 43 animals developed middle ear infections; 4 of 43 animals had post surgical hearing loss; calcineurin inhibitors; "Systematic application may therefore have unwanted side effects that may be avoided by intracochlear perfusion by osmotic pump. The use of an osmotic pumps also allows relatively precise control over the timing and concertration of drugs applied to the tissues of the inner ear." (pg. 389); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P7101 Le Prell,C.G., Yagi,M., Kawamoto,K., Beyer,L.A., Atkin,G., Raphael,Y., Dolan,D.F., Bledsoe,SC Jr, Moody,D.B. Chronic excitotoxicity in the guinea pig cochlea induces temporary functional deficits without disrupting otoacoustic emissions. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2004; 116(-2-):1044-1056. >>> AMPA; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 2004; 14-56 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; dose-response (fig. 2); long-term study; pumps replaced at 14 or 28 day intervals; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg. 1045) middle ear infections; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P7069 Jing,W., Ladrech,S., Pujol,R., Brabet,P., Van de Water,T.R., Puel,J.L. Caspase inhibitors, but not c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase inhibitor treatment, prevent cisplatin-induced hearing loss. Cancer Research 2004; 64(-24-):9217-9224. >>> z-DEVD-fmk; z-IETD-fmk; z-LEHD-fmk; z-FA-fmk; JNKI-1, D-; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (caspases (-3,-8,-9), cathepsinB, JNK); peptides; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6930 Gillespie,L.N., Clark,G.M., Marzella,P.L. Delayed neurotrophin treatment supports auditory neuron survival in deaf guinea pigs. NeuroReport 2004; 15(-7-):1121-1125. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; nerve growth factor; NT-3; NT-4/5; Ear (scala tympani, cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2004; 28 days; Tissue perfusion.

P6921 Love,D.A., Lietman,S.A. The effect of osteogenic protein-1 dosing regimen on ectopic bone formation. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 2004; (-423-):264-267. >>> Osteogenic protein-1; Lactic acid; Bone (matrix); Rat; 1002; 14 days; comparison of bolus injections vs. mp; stability verified by in vitro incubation study; silastic tubing used to target the SC implanted bone matrix; tissue perfusion (bone matrix).

P6920 Aronson,J. The Nicolas Andry Award - Modulation of distraction osteogenesis in the aged rat by fibroblast growth factor. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 2004; (-425-):264-283. >>> Fibroblast growth factor, recomb. human; dihydrotestosterone; Sodium citrate; SC; bone (tibia); Rat; 1007D; 1002; 2002; 7, 14 days; Functionality of mp verified by residual volume; comparison of injections vs. mp; post op. care (heated cage/analgesics); pumps used for systemic or targeted delivery; silastic tubing used; "The pumps were well tolerated without inflammatory reaction, infection, or pain." (p. 273); picture of pump and catheter (radiograph image) p. 277, fig 10A-B; animal info (Sprague-Dawley).

P6918 Li,M., Ding,D.L., Zheng,X.Y., Salvi,R. Vestibular destruction by slow infusion of gentamicin into semicircular canals. Acta Oto-laryngologica 2004; 124(--):35-41. >>> Gentamicin; Hank's solution; Ear (semicircular canals); Chinchilla; 1007D; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; Meniere's disease; microcatheter used; 27 gauge tubing used for cannulation; tissue perfusion (semicircular canals).

P6793 Stocks,R.M.S., Gould,H.J., Bush,A.J., Dudney,BW Jr, Pousson,M., Thompson,J.W. Ototoxic protection of sodium thiosulfate: Daily vs constant infusion. OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2004; 131(-1-):115-119. >>> Thiosulfate, sodium; Ear (middle ear space); Guinea-pig; 2002; 18 days; Controls received no treatment to right ear; comparison of daily middle ear space injections vs. mp; pumps replaced after 7 days; multiple pumps per animal (2); "Continuous infusion of STS is the preferred method of administration." (p. 118) "STS continuously infused into the middle ear system provides a greater protective function than daily injection." (p. 119); tissue perfusion (middle ear space).

P6703 Wang,J., Faulconbridge,R.V.L., Fetoni,A., Guitton,M.J., Pujol,R., Puel,J.L. Local application of sodium thiosulfate prevents cisplatin-induced hearing loss in the guinea pig. Neuropharmacology 2003; 45(-3-):380-393. >>> Thiosulfate, sodium; Perilymph, artificial; water, sterile distilled; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; stress/adverse reaction: (see pg.381) "Seven animals died during the course of the CDDP treatment (probably from the toxic effects of CDDP)" (p.381); cancer; "Perfusion of STS into the cochlea via an osmotic minipump completely prevented CDDP-induced hearing loss" (p.391); pump/catheter schematic (p.381); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6666 Kawaminami,M., Shibata,Y., Yaji,A., Kurusu,S., Hashimoto,I. Prolactin inhibits annexin 5 expression and apoptosis in the corpus luteum of pseudopregnant rats: Involvement of local gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Endocrinology 2003; 144(-8-):3625-3631. >>> Cetrorelix; Intraovarian; Rat (psuedo pregnant); 1003D; 2 days; Tissue perfusion (hemilateral ovarian bursa); GnRH antagonist.

P6547 Aparicio,T., Guilmeau,S., Goiot,H., Tsocas,A., Laigneau,J.P., Bado,A., Sobhani,I., Lehy,T. Leptin reduces the development of the initial precancerous lesions induced by azoxymethane in the rat colonic mucosa. Gastroenterology 2004; 126(-2-):499-510. >>> Leptin, recomb. mouse; Saline; BSA; SC; IP; Intraluminal (colon); Rat; 2ML1; 7,23 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; animal info (male, Fisher 344, 280-300 g.); functionality of mp verified by plasma concentrations; comparison of 2 daily colonic lumen injections vs. mp; pumps replaced every 8 days to ensure peptide activity; cancer (colon); peptides.

P6543 Svetlecic,J., Molteni,A., Herndon,B. Bronchiolitis obliterans induced by intratracheal papaverine: A novel animal model. Lung 2004; 182(-2-):119-134. >>> Papaverine; Saline; Intratracheal; Rat; 2004; 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; no stress (see pg. 123); good methods p. 121; "All the rats survived for the length of the experiments. The intratracheal pump was well tolerated and the procedure produced no overt complications." p. 123; papaverine is an alkaloid in sauropus plants and is responsible for human toxicant-induced CBO (constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans); good picture showing the implantation/cannulation site p. 122; tissue perfusion (trachea).

P6536 Sugahara,K., Shimogori,H., Okuda,T., Takemoto,T., Hashimoto,M., Yamashita,H. Cochlear administration of adenosine triphosphate facilitates recovery from acoustic trauma (temporary threshold shift). ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2004; 66(-2-):80-84. >>> Adenosine triphosphate; PPADS; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; ; Post op. care (antibiotic ointment applied); PE-10 used to target the inner ear and fixed with dental cement; for recover period, pumps and catheters were filled with saline, then pumps replaced with reagent filled pumps; infusion of agents was 12 hours post pump replacement to allow for saline in catheter to be infused; PPADS is pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid solution; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6462 Takemoto,T., Sugahara,K., Okuda,T., Shimogori,H., Yamashita,H. The clinical free radical scavenger, edaravone, protects cochlear hair cells from acoustic trauma. European Journal of Pharmacology 2004; 487(-1-3-):113-116. >>> Edaravone; saline; NaOH; water; HCL; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 17 days; Controls received no treatment to contralateral ear; animals received mp w/saline for 3 days; then pumps replaced for mp w/edaravone; no stress (see pg. 115); post op. care (antibiotic ointment); edaravone is a free radical scavenger; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6458 Olivius,P., Alexandrov,L., Miller,J.M., Ulfendahl,M., Bagger-Sjoebaeck,D., Kozlova,E.N. A model for implanting neuronal tissue into the cochlea. BRAIN RESEARCH PROTOCOLS 2004; 12(-3-):152-156. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor Ax1, human; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 21-22 days; Pump replaced on days 11-12; post op. care (cyclosporine, doxycycline); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P6446 Ma,T., Miyanishi,K., Trindade,M.C.D., Genovese,M., Regula,D., Smith,R.L., Goodman,S.B. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist inhibits localized bone formation in vivo. Journal of Rheumatology 2003; 30(-12-):2547-2552. >>> Interleukin-1, receptor antagonist; Sodium citrate; polysorbate; sodium chloride; disodium EDTA; Bone (tibia); Rabbit; 2ML2; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ BSA and PBS; pumps replaced every two weeks; IL-1ra is human recomb.; drug test chamber (DTC) schematic p.2548.

P6405 Kirk,S.P., Oldham,J.M., Jeanplong,F., Bass,J.J. Insulin-like growth factor-II delays early but enhances late regeneration of skeletal muscle. JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY&CYTOCHEMISTRY 2003; 51(-12-):1611-1620. >>> Insulin-like growth factor II; Acetic acid; culture medium, RPMJ 1640; IM; Rat; 1007D; 7 days; Tissue perfusion (femoris muscle); peptides; IGF-II was recomb. human; vinyl catheter used for IM delivery.

P6392 Okuda,T., Sugahara,K., Shimogori,H., Yamashita,H. Inner ear changes with intracochlear gentamicin administration in guinea pigs. Laryngoscope 2004; 114(-4-):694-697. >>> Gentamicin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced at day 7; pump contained saline only for the first seven days ; PE-10 used; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6333 Li,G, Frenz,D.A, Brahmblatt,S., Feghali,J.G., Ruben,R.J., Berggren,D., Arezzo,J., Van De Water,T.R  Neurotoxicology 2000; 22(--):163-176. >>> Methionine, L-; PBS, sterile; Ear (round window membrane); Rat; 2002; 12 days; Controls received no treatment; comparison of IP injections vs. mp; cancer (breast); cyanoacrylate adhesive; tissue perfusion (round window membrane).

P6265 Tepel,J., Kruse,M.L., March,C., Fiedler,A., Kapischke,M., Ketterer,T., Sipos,B., Kremer,B., Kalthoff,H. Terminally modified oligodeoxynucleotides directed against p53 in an orthotopic xenograft model: A novel adjuvant treatment strategy for pancreatic ductal carcinoma. Pancreas 2004; 28(-1-):1-12. >>> Oligodeoxynucleotide, antisense; SC; Mice (SCID); 14 days; Tissue perfusion (intratumoral); comparison of IP injections vs. sc mp; cancer (pancreatic ductal carcinoma); transplantation; 200 ul pump used.

P6159 Ekborn,A., Laurell,G., Ehrsson,H., Miller,J. Intracochlear administration of thiourea protects against cisplatin-induced outer hair cell loss in the guinea pig. Hearing Research 2003; 181(-1-2-):109-115. >>> Thiourea; Perilymph, artificial; water, sterile; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; good methods p. 111; microtip catheter was held in place using cyanoacrylate glue at the bulla defect, which was then sealed with dental cement; cites a detailed cannulation method; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6130 Wang,J., Van de Water,T.R., Bonny,C., de Ribaupierre,F., Puel,J.L., Zine,A. A peptide inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase protects against both aminoglycoside and acoustic trauma-induced auditory hair cell death and hearing loss. Journal of Neuroscience 2003; 23(-24-):8596-8607. >>> D-JNKI-1; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; enzyme inhibitor (JNK); D-JNKI-1 is a C-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK); glass pipette was glued to PE-50 and pressed against cochlea; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P6098 Takeda,T., Sawada,S., Takeda,S., Kitano,H., Suzuki,M., Kakigi,A., Takeuchi,S. The effects of V(2) antagonist (OPC-31260) on endolymphatic hydrops. Hearing Research 2003; 182(-1-2-):9-18. >>> OPC-31260; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; OPC-31260 is a vasopressin type-2 antagonist; insertion site of the cannula was sealed with biobonde (biomedical adhesive); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6077 Lang,H., Schulte,B.A., Schmiedt,R.A. Effects of chronic furosemide treatment and age on cell division in the adult gerbil inner ear. JARO-JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY 2003; 4(-2-):164-175. >>> Furosemide; Ear (cochlea); Gerbil; 2004; 1 week; No stress (p. 165); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P6072 Goodman,S.B., Song,Y., Yoo,J.Y., Fox,N., Trindade,M.C.D., Kajiyama,G., Ma,T., Regula,D., Brown,J., Smith,R.L. Local infusion of FGF-2 enhances bone ingrowth in rabbit chambers in t he presence of polyethylene particles. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A 2003; 65A(-4-):454-461. >>> Fibroblast growth factor 2; Heparin; BSA; PBS; Bone (tibia); Rabbit; 2004; 3 weeks; Dose-response (p. 459); pumps replaced every 3 weeks to begin new studies; bone chamber; pump/chamber schematics (p. 455); 16.6 ug/ml of heparin.

P5991 Rubin,J.B., Kung,A.L., Klein,R.S., Chan,J.A., Sun,Y.P., Schmidt,K., Kieran,M.W., Luster,A.D., Segal,R.A. A small-molecule antagonist of CXCR4 inhibits intracranial growth of primary brain tumors. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2003; 100(-23-):13513-13518. >>> AMD 3100; PBS; SC; Mice; 21 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (intratumoral); comparison of 2x daily injections vs. mp; cancer (glioblastoma); CXCR4 antagonist; 0.5 ul/hr pumps used; In vivo tumor imaging performed with IVIS imaging system (Xenogen); bioluminescence imaging (BLI).

P5983 Zou,J., Bretlau,P., Pyykkoe,I., Toppila,E., Olovius,N.P., Stephanson,N., Beck,O., Miller,J.M. Comparison of the protective efficacy of Neurotrophins and antioxidants for vibration-induced trauma. ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2003; 65(-3-):155-161. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; ciliary neurotrophic factor; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; tissue perfusion (cochlea); comparison of RWM injections vs. mp; peptides.

P5966 Roguin,A., Avivi,A., Nitecki,S., Rubinstein,I., Levy,N.S., Abassi,Z.A., Resnick,M.B., Lache,O., Melamed-Frank,M., Joel,A., Hoffman,A., Nevo,E., Levy,A.P. Restoration of blood flow by using continuous perimuscular infiltration of plasmid DNA encoding subterranean mole rat Spalax ehrenbergi VEGF. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES O F AMERICA 2003; 100(-8-):4644-4648. >>> DNA, naked; vascular endothelial growth factor, DNA; Water; IM; Mice; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; tissue perfusion (quadriceps muscle); gene therapy; fenestrated catheter; pump implanted IP; "we have shown that when using plamid DNA, continuous administration is superior to multiple simultaneous IM injections." (p. 4647).

P5872 Wang,X.B., Truong,T., Billings,P.B., Harris,J.P., Keithley,E.M. Blockage of immune-mediated inner ear damage by etanercept. OTOLOGY&NEUROTOLOGY 2003; 24(-1-):52-57. >>> Etanercept; PBS; keyhole limpet hemocyanin; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS or KLH; Etanercept is a TNF receptor; keyhole limpet hemocyanin is (KLH); tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P5835 Svechnikova,I., Gray,S.G., Kundrotiene,J., Ponthan,F., Kogner,P., Ekstrom,T.J. Apoptosis and tumor remission in liver tumor xenografts by 4-phenylbutyrate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2003; 22(-3-):579-588. >>> Verapamil; Perilymph, artifical; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 7 days; Pumps replaced every two weeks; 2 week stability verified by high pressure liquid chromatography p. 220; good methods p.220; 3 day recovery post implant; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5811 Du,X.P., Yoo,T.J., Mora,R. Distribution of beta-tubulin in guinea pig inner ear. ORL-JOURNAL FOR OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATED SPECIALTIES 2003; 65(-1-):7-16. >>> Tubulin, beta; PBS; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); peptides.

P5774 Torrente,Y., El Fahime,E., Caron,N.J., Del Bo,R., Belicchi,M., Pisati,F., Tremblay,J.P., Bresolin,N. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulates chemotactic response in mouse myogenic cells. CELL TRANSPLANTATION 2003; 12(-1-):91-100. >>> Tumor necrosis factor-a; Saline; IM; Mice; 2002; 5 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (tibialis anterior muscle); dose-response (p.95 fig M); perforated PE tubing used.

P5673 Wolters,F.L.C., Klis,S.F.L., de Groot,J.C.M.J., Hamers,F.P.T., Prieskorn,D.A., Miller,J.M., Smoorenburg,G.F. Systemic co-treatment with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone delays hearing loss caused by local cisplatin administration in guinea pigs. Hearing Research 2003; 179(-1-2-):53-61. >>> Cisplatin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 1 week; Tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5672 Chelikh,L., Teixeira,M., Martin,C., Sterkers,O., Ferrary,E., Couloigner,V. High variability of perilymphatic entry of neutral molecules through the round window. Acta Oto-laryngologica 2003; 123(-2-):199-202. >>> Mannitol; Inulin;; Radio-isotopes; 3H tracer; saline; ethanol; Ear (round window); Guinea-pig; 1007D; 7 days; Tissue perfusion (round window).

P5670 Eckardt,H., Bundgaard,K.G., Christensen,K.S., Lind,M., Hansen,E.S., Hvid,I. Effects of locally applied vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF-inhibitor to the rabbit tibia during distraction osteogenesis. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2003; 21(-2-):335-340. >>> Vascular endothelial growth factor; vascular endothelial growth factor R2/FC chimera; Phosphate buffer; BSA; Bone (tibia); Rabbit; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (osteotomy site); replacement therapy (distraction osteogenesis); stability verified by in vitro assay for 2 weeks at 37 C. (p. 336);.

P5669 Gillespie,L.N., Clark,G.M., Bartlett,P.F., Marzella,P.L. BDNF-induced survival of auditory neurons in vivo: Cessation of treatment leads to accelerated loss of survival effects. Journal of Neuroscience Research 2003; 71(-6-):785-790. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2004; 4 weeks; Peptides; BDNF was recombinant human; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5659 Horiike,O., Shimogori,H., Ikeda,T., Yamashita,H. Protective effect of edaravone against streptomycin-induced vestibulot oxicity in the guinea pig. European Journal of Pharmacology 2003; 464(-1-):75-78. >>> Streptomycin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 2002; 24 hours; tissue perfusion (round window).

P5587 Lefranc,F., Camby,I., Belot,N., Bruyneel,E., Chaboteaux,C., Brotchi,J., Mareel,M., Salmon,I., Kiss,R. Gastrin significantly modifies the migratory abilities of experimental glioma cells. Lab.Invest. 2002; 82(-9-):1241-1252. >>> Gastrin; SC; rat; 1002; 14 days; controls received mp with saline; tissue perfusion (tumor resection cavity); cancer.

P5579 Foster,P.K., Luebke,A.E. A model for perilymphatic fistula induced hearing loss in the guinea pig cochlea. Hearing Research 2002; 167(-1-2-):175-179. >>> Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; ; some animals also received an air bubble ~1.5-2 microliters infused into the scala tympani; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P5540 Lalwani,A.K., Han,J.J., Castelein,C.M., Carvalho,G.J., Mhatre,A.N. In vitro and in vivo assessment of the ability of adeno-associated virus-brain-derived neurotrophic factor to enhance spiral ganglion cell survival following ototoxic insult. Laryngoscope 2002; 112(-8-):1325-1334. >>> Virus, adeno-associated; Gene, green fluorescent protein; Gene, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; PBS; Ear (cochlea); Guinea-pig; 1007D; 1 week; Gene therapy; cochlea cannulated with PE10 attached to PE50; virus contained gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and/or green fluorescent protein; tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5531 Chen,Y., Lin,S.M., Lai,H.S., Tseng,S.H., Chen,W.J. Effects of irradiated tumor vaccine and continuous localized infusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on neuroblastomas in mice. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2002; 37(-9-):1298-1304. >>> Colony-stimulating factor, GM; PBS; BSA; SC (tumor vaccine injection site); Mice; 1002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ PBS; immunology; GM-CSF is recombinant murine; tissue perfusion.

P5481 Himeno,C., Komeda,M., Izumikawa,M., Takemura,K., Yagi,M., Yang,W.P., Doi,T., Kuriyama,H., Miller,J.M., Yamashita,T. Intra-cochlear administration of dexamethasone attenuates aminoglycoside ototoxicity in the guinea pig. Hearing Research 2002; 167(-1-2-):61-70. >>> Dexamethasone; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 14, 28 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 14 days; no stress (see pg. 67); "The current study indicates that intra-cochlear administration using osmotic pumps can provide a stable and continuous delivery of Dexamethasone without causing functional changes or tissue damage." (p. 67); tissue perfusion (cochlea).

P5473 Erami,C., Zhang,H., Ho,J.G., French,D.M., Faber,J.E. Alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulation directly induces growth of vascular wall in vivo. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2002; 283(-4-):H1577-H1587. >>> Norepinephrine; benoxathian; prazosin; KMD-3213; AH11110A; BMY-7378; propranolol; RX-821002; Ringer's, lactated; ascorbate; Perivascular; Rat; 2ML2; 14, 28 days; Tissue perfusion (left carotid wall); pumps replaced after 14 days for prazosin; catheter constructed from thin walled vinyl tubing and fenestrated at end placed near vessel; norepinephrine is a catecholamine; propranolol is a beta adrenoceptor antagonist; all other agents are antagonists alpha antagonists.

P5452 Matsuoka,H., Kwon,S.S., Yazawa,Y., Barbieri,M., Yoo,T.J. Induction of endolymphatic hydrops by directly infused monoclonal antibody against type II collagen CB11 peptide. Annals of Otology Rhinology and Laryngology 2002; 111(-7-):587-592. >>> Antibody, anti-CB11 monoclonal; Ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ mouse serum; tissue perfusion (scala tympani).

P5448 Schmiedt,R.A., Okamura,H.O., Lang,H., Schulte,B.A. Ouabain application to the round window of the gerbil cochlea: A model of auditory neuropathy and apoptosis. JARO 2002; 3(-3-):223-233. >>> Ouabain; Saline; Ear (round window); Gerbil; 2004; 2, 4, 8 days; 2, 24 hours; Tissue perfusion (round window).

P5370 Spiess,A.C., Lang,H.N., Schulte,B.A., Spicer,S.S., Schmiedt,R.A. Effects of gap junction uncoupling in the gerbil cochlea. Laryngoscope 2002; 112(-9-):1635-1641. >>> Proadifen; Ear (round window niche); Gerbil; 2001; 2002; 6-7 or 11-14 days; Tissue perfusion (bulla); no stress (see pg. 1637); Proadifen, also called SKF-525A, is a gap junction uncoupler; the pump and cannula were gas-sterilized prior to filling (note: manufacturer does not recommend sterilizatioin of pumps); "The animals experienced no long-term trauma from either the surgery or the extra bulk of the pump." (p. 1637).

P5357 Walker,T.L., Dass,C.R., Burton,M.A. Enhanced In Vivo tumour response from combination of carboplatin and low-dose c-myc antisense oligonucleotides. Anticancer Research 2002; 22(-4-):2237-2245. >>> Neomycin; Kanamycin; Furosenide; PBS; ear (scala tympani); Guinea-pig; 2004; 86 hours; Tissue perfusion (round window); functionality of mp verified by residual volume; diagram of pump and electrode assembly (p. 94); catheter patency assessed by passing fluid through the line at the end of the experiment; Neomycin infused in pilot study; Kanamycin and furosenide were co-infused in a second study.

P5178 Iwase,M., Kim,K.J., Kobayashi,Y., Itoh,M., Itoh,T. A novel bisphosphonate inhibits inflammatory bone resorption in a rat osteolysis model with continuous infusion of polyethylene particles. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2002; 20(--):499-505. >>> Polyethylene particles, HDPE; Knee (articular cavity); Rat; 2002; 4-8 weeks; Tissue perfusion (diagram p.501); Arthritis; functionality verified by residual volume; pumps replaced every 2 weeks.

P5102 Skovseth,D.K., Yamanaka,T., Brandtzaeg,P., Butcher,E.C., Haraldsen,G. Vascular morphogenesis and differentiation after adoptive transfer of human endothelial cells to immunodeficient mice. American Journal of Pathology 2002; 160(-5-):1629-1637. >>> Interferon-gamma; Abdominal wall; mice; 2004; ; tissue perfusion (abdominal wall); immunology; peptides; pump implanted SC, catheter tube perfused matrigel plug in abdominal wall..

P5087 Dufourcq,P., Couffinhal,T., Alzieu,P., Daret,D., Moreau,C., Duplaa,C., Bonnet,J. Vitronectin is up-regulated after vascular injury and vitronectin blockade prevents neointima formation. Cardiovascular Research 2002; 53(--):952-962. >>> Antibody, monoclonal anti-vitronectin; Antibody, monoclonal anti-B3 integrin; Antibody, monoclonal anti-avB5 integrin; PBS; Immunoglobulin G, non-immune; perivascular (carotid artery adventitia); rat; 7 days; controls received control immunoglobulin; tissue perfusion (corotid adventitia); cardiovascular; peptides.

P5065 Tanaka,H, Wakisaka,A, Ogasa,H, Kawai,S  Journal of Endocrinology 2002; 174(--):63-70. >>> Platelet-derived growth factor; Insulin-like growth factor I; SC; bone (femur); rat; 5 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (bone); functionality of mp verified by residual aspiration (p. 64); peptides; growth factors were human recombinant; agents infused separately or concomitantly;.

P5061 Moss,T.J.M., Newnham,J.P., Willett,K.E., Kramer,B.W., Jobe,A.H., Ikegami,M. Early gestational intra-amniotic endotoxin - Lung function, surfactant, and morphometry. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2002; 165(--):805-811. >>> Endotoxin, E. coli; Saline; Amniotic sac; sheep (lamb, fetus); 2ML4; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (amniotic sac); comparison of intra-amniotic injections vs. mp; immunology; teratology; pre-natal lung development.

P5051 Ahn,Y.M., Gajdusek,C., London,S., Moon,C.T., Oh,C.W., Mayberg,M.R. Sustained arterial narrowing after prolonged exposure to perivascular endothelin. Neurosurgery 2002; 50(--):843-848. >>> Endothelin-1; Saline; Perivascular (femoral artery adventitia); rat; 3 or 5 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (adventitia); cardiovascular; peptides; ET-1 is a vasoconstrictor peptide; Arteries perfused via a custom silastic artery cuff attached to catheter tube; pump placed sc.

P5044 Nakanishi,T., Kawasaki,K., Uchio,Y., Kataoka,H., Terashima,M., Ochi,M. AG-041R, a cholocystokinin-B/gastrin receptor antagonist, stimulates the repair of osteochondral defect in rabbit model. European Journal of Pharmacology 2002; 439(--):135-140. >>> AG-041R; DMSO; saline; knee (articular cavity); rabbit; 2002; 2 weeks; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (knee joint).

P5043 Wang,J., Dib,M., Lenoir,M., Vago,P., Eybalin,M., Hameg,A., Pujol,R., Puel,J.L. Riluzole rescues cochlear sensory cells from acoustic trauma in the guinea-pig. Neuroscience 2002; 111(-3-):635-648. >>> Riluzole; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); 2-day recovery period. Schematic of pump infusing to inner ear (p. 636). Riluzole is a neoroprotective agent (also called 1-amino-6-trifluoromethoxy benzothiazole). Paper states the use of 1003D, but specifications indicate model 2001 was used.

P5019 Moore,A.F., Heiderstadt,N.T., Huang,E., Howell,N.L., Wang,Z.Q., Siragy,H.M., Carey,R.M. Selective inhibition of the renal angiotensin type 2 receptor increases blood pressure in conscious rats. Hypertension 2001; 37(--):1285-1291. >>> Oligodeoxynucleotide, antisense; Oligodeoxynucleotide, sense;; Ringer's solution, lactated; Kidney (renal cortex); rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received sense ODN or vehicle w/ mp; tissue perfusion (left renal interstitial space); cardiovascular.

P5009 Shinohara,T., Bredberg,G., Ulfendahl,M., Pyykko,I., Olivius,N.P, Kaksonen,R., Lindstrom,B., Altschuler,R., Miller,J.M. Neurotrophic factor intervention restores auditory function in deafened animals. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2002; 99(-3-):1657-1660. >>> Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Ciliary neurotrophic factor; Neomycin;; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 26 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea, scala tympani); pumps replaced at day 15; peptides; catheter filled with perilymph and 10% neomycin; pump filled with vehicle or neurotrophic factor solution; 48-hr infusion of neomycin to cause deafness followed by 12 or 26 day infusion of neurotrophic factor pump reservoir..

P5006 Hiraki,Y., Shukunami,C., Iyama,K., Mizuta,H. Differentiation of chondrogenic precursor cells during the regeneration of articular cartilage. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE 2001; 9(--):S102-S108. >>> Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Antibody, beta-FM-1; Immunoglobulin G;; Saline; Knee (articular cavity); rabbit; 2002; 2 weeks; Arthritis; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (knee joint); peptides; Silastic tubing used; Pump placed SC in hind leg region; Antibody adminstered to block effects of FGF-2; IgG administered as antibody control;.

P5005 Shoji,F., Miller,A.L., Mitchell,A., Yamasoba,T., Altschuler,R.A., Miller,J.M. Differential protective effects of neurotrophins in the attenuation of noise-induced hair cell loss. Hearing Research 2000; 146(--):134-142. >>> NT-3; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; Perilymph, artificial; Ear (scala tympani); guinea-pig; 2002; 12 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (cochlea); functinality of mp verified by residual volume assessment; peptides; in-house catheter created for tissue perfusion;.

P4999 Tamada,H., Sakaguchi,H., Inaba,T., Kawate,N., Sawada,T. The effect of transforming growth factor-alpha on the progression of decidualization in rats. LIFE SCIENCES 2001; 69(--):1549-1558. >>> Transforming growth factor-a; PB1 medium; Intrauterine; rat; 2001; 2 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (uterine horn lumen); TGF-a was recombinnant human.

P4972 O'Leary,S.J., Klis,S.F.L., de Groot,J.C.M.J., Hamers,F.P.T., Smoorenburg,G.F. Perilymphatic application of cisplatin over several days in albino guinea pigs: dose-dependency of electrophysiological and morphological effects. Hearing Research 2001; 154(--):135-145. >>> Cisplatin; Saline; Ear (cochlea); guinea-pig; 2002; 7 days; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); dose-response (Fig. 1-8); ototoxicity; in-house cochlear cannula used (modified); hearing loss; "the pump model has several advantages: 1) there appears to be less inter-animal variability than via systemic administration; 2) cisplatin dosage can be studied parametrically; 3) the effects of systemic toxicity are avoided" (p. 144).

P4971 Orsini,G., Zalzal,Y., Nanci,A. Localized infusion of tunicamycin in rat hemimandibles: Alteration of the basal lamina associated with maturation stage ameloblasts. JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY&CYTOCHEMISTRY 2001; 49(--):165-176. >>> Tunicamycin; Saline; bone (mandible); rat; 2001; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (bony elevation over incisor);article incorrectly states use of 2001D pump, but states 7 day delivery period and pump; Tunicamycin is an antibiotic that interferes with N-glycosylation;.

P4930 Buffelli,M., Pasino,E., Cangiano,A. In vivo acetylcholine receptor expression induced by calcitonin gene-related peptide in rat soleus muscle. Neuroscience 2001; 104(-2-):561-567. >>> Calcitonin gene-related peptide; Saline; IM (soleus); rat; 2002; ; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (soleus muscle extrajunctional surface).

P4902 Jelic,M., Pecina,M., Haspl,M., Kos,J., Taylor,K, Maticic,D, McCartney,J, Yin,S., Rueger,D., Vukicevic,S. Regeneration of articular cartilage chondral defects by osteogenic protein-1 (bone morphogenetic protein-7) in sheep. Growth Factors 2001; 19(--):101-113. >>> Osteogenic protein-1; Acetate buffer; knee (articular cavity); sheep; 2002; 14 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (knee joint defect); functionality of mp verified by aspiration of residual volume after explant; stability verified by in vitro compatibility tests, ELISA, HPLC; good methods (in vitro bio-compatibility table 1 p. 106); OP-1 is also known as BMP-7. Pump was stapled to femoral shaft, PE-60 catheter tubing perfused knee joint; "Results of this study suggest that a recombinant BMP delivered via a mini-osmotic pump into the joint fluid stimulate the repair of articular cartilate defects in sheep." p. 106;.

P4856 Hoffer,M.E., Allen,K., Kopke,R.D., Weisskopf,P., Gottshall,K., Wester,D. Transtympanic versus sustained-release administration of gentamicin: Kinetics, morphology, and function. Laryngoscope 2001; 111(--):1343-1357. >>> Gentamicin sulfate; Water, sterile; Ear; Chinchilla; 2001; 7 days; Dose-response (graph, table p. 1349); comparison of transtympanic injections vs. mp/; IntraEar catheter used; Meniere's Disease; Vertigo; tinnitus; tissue perfusion.

P4838 Goodman,S., Song,Y., Chun,L., Aspenberg,P., Plouhar,P., Glancy,T., Regula,D., Smith,R.L. Effects of local infusion of TGFb on bone ingrowth in rabbit chambers.. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 2000; 53(--):475-479. >>> Transforming growth factor-B1;; Gelatin; Sodium acetate;; Bone (tibia);; rabbit;; 2001D; 2001;; 1 week; 1 day;; Peptides; growth factor treatment consisted of 1 day infusion with 2001D pumps or 1 week infusion with 2001 pumps, followed by carrier infusion for 3 weeks; carrier solution consisted of 1% gelatin, 20 mm sodium acetate; TGF infusion into drug test chamber implanted in the tibia;.

P4830 Yang,G.S.Y., Song,H.T., Keithley,E.M., Harris,J.P. Intratympanic immunosuppressives for prevention of immune-mediated sensorineural hearing loss.. American Journal of Otology 2000; 21(--):499-504. >>> Dexamethasone;; PBS;; Ear (round window membrane);; guinea-pig;; 2002;; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (bulla); comparison of IP injections vs. mp; multiple pumps per animal (2) (one containing dexamethasone for one ear, the other containing PBS for the other ear);.

P4828 Buffelli,M., Busetto,G., Cangiano,A. The use of in vivo direct drug application to assess neural regulation of muscle properties.. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 2001; 106(--):113-120. >>> Tetrodotoxin; potassium chloride; calcitonin gene-related peptide; Saline; Dye, methylene blue; IM (soleus); Rat; 2001; 2002; 3 - 8 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (soleus muscle); detailed methods for catheter construction and surgical procedures (p. 114 - 115); Lynch coil technique used; pump filled w/ saline and agents loaded in modified PE-100 tubing; solutions separated by oil drop; pumps w/ various flow rates were tested but model 2002 was chosed because its small flow rate permits to avoid excessive fluid accumulation on muscle surface; diagram of pump-catheter assembly and location (p. 114);.

P4821 Luebke,A.E., Steiger,J.D., Hodges,B.L., Amalfitano,A. A modified adenovirus can transfect cochlear hair cells in vivo without compromising cochlear function.. Gene Therapy 2001; 8(--):789-794. >>> Transforming growth factor-B1; Bone (tibia); Rabbit; 2ML4; ; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (osteotomy site via catheter); functionality of mp verified by aspirate residual volume after pump removal; no stress (see pg. 620); stability verified by fibroblast cell growth compared w/ fresh solution 7, 14, 21; peptides; dosage of TGF-b1 was 0, 10, 20, or 40 mg/day; delayed drug delivery for 7 days;.

P4743 Shimogori,H, Yamashita,H  Neuroscience 2000; 294(--):21-24. >>> Betamethasone;; Saline;; ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2002;; 2 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); glucocorticoids; local and systemic antibiotics given to prevent infection;.

P4742 Tang,W, Seidman,M.D, Henig,J.P, Shulman,A, Stracher,A  International Tinnitus Journal 2001; 7(-1-):4-12. >>> Leupeptin;; Hank's solution;; ear (round window);; guinea-pig;; 2002;; 8 weeks;; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (bulla); long-term study, pumps replaced every 13 days; IntraEAR catheter used; Leupeptin is a potent calpain inhibitor; neuroprotection; buprenorphine given as postoperative analgesic; chloramphenicol given as prophlactic antibiotic;.

P4739 Kopke,R.D, Jackson,R.L, Li,G, Rasmussen,M.D, Hoffer,M.E, Frenz,D.A, Costello,M, Schultheiss,P, Van De Water,T.R  PNAS 2001; 98(-10-):5886-5891. >>> Transforming growth factor; Insulin-like growth factor I; Retinoic acid; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor;; PBS; BSA;; Ear (vestibule); Guinea-pig; 2002; 4 weeks; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pumps replaced after 2 weeks; peptides; IntraEAR catheter used; GFI group pumps filled with TGF, IGF and Retinoic acid; GFII group pumps filled with TGF, IGF, BDNF and retinoic acid; tissue perfusion (vestibule).

P4733 Conlon,B.J, Smith,D.W  Acta Otolaryngol. 2000; 120(--):596-599. >>> Neomycin; lipoic acid, alpha; Saline; Ear (round window); Guinea-pig; 2ML4; 7 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (round window); no stress (see pg. 597); Neomycin antibiotic solution was 5%; micro polyurethane tubing used; the authors state that ALZET delivery system more closely approximates the clinical situation of repeated otic application, with minimal middle ear trauma..

P4730 Duan,M., Agerman,K, Ernfors,P., Canlon,B. Complementary roles of neurotrophin 3 and a N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in the protection of noise and aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity.. PNAS 2000; 97(-13-):7597-7602. >>> NT-3; Amikacin;; Perilymph, artificial;; Ear (cochlea);; guinea-pig;; 2ML2;; 15 days;; Antibiotic; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (scala tympani); Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic; Group 1 received amikacin, Group 2 received vehicle, Group 3 received amikacin and NT-3; All treatment groups received drug for 1 day, followed by 2 weeks perilymph;.

P4694 Gordon,S.E, Davis,B.S, Carlson,C.J, Booth,F.W  Am.J.Physiol.Endocrinol Metab. 2001; 280(--):150-159. >>> Angiotensin II; Saline; IM (soleus); Rat; 2ML2; 10 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; tissue perfusion (right soleus muscle); dose-response (to ACE inhibitor) p. E153; peptides; ACE is Angiotensin-converting enzyme; fenestrated silastic catheter used; diagram of pump and catheter surgical representation (p. E152)..

P4347 Lara,H.E., Dissen,G.A., Leyton,V., Paredes,A., Fuenzalida,H., Fiedler,J.L., Ojeda,S.R. An increased intraovarian synthesis of nerve growth factor and its low affinity receptor is a principal component of steroid-induced polycystic ovary in the rat. Endocrinology 2000; 141(-3-):1059-1072. >>> Antibody, nerve growth factor, polyclonal; Oligonucleotide, antisense phosphothionate;; Intraovarian;; rat;; 2ML4;; 56 days;; controls received mp with preimmune serum; tissue perfusion (bursa of ovary); long-term study, pumps replaced after 28 days; peptides; antisense; agents infused from same pump;.