References on the Administration of Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine
Using ALZET^® Osmotic Pumps

R0102 Lechan,R.M., Kakucska,I. Feedback regulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone gene expression by thyroid hormone in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. In "Functional Anatomy of the Neuroendocrine Hypothalamus," Wiley, Chichester (Ciba Foundation Symposium 168) 1992; (--):144-164. >>> Triiodothyronine; IP; 7 days; replacement therapy (hypothyroidism); functionality verified by measuring plasma levels of TSH.

P9022 Medina-Gomez,G., Calvo,R.M., Obregon,M.J. Thermogenic effect of triiodothyroacetic acid at low doses in rat adipose tissue without adverse side effects in the thyroid axis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 1999; 67(-4-):E688-E697. >>> Triiodothyronine; triiodothyroacetic acid; NaOH; saline; BSA; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 12 days; Controls received mp w/ placebo; animal info (female, Sprague Dawley).

P8764 Klieverik,L.P., Sauerwein,H.P., Ackermans,M.T., Boelen,A., Kalsbeek,A., Fliers,E. Effects of thyrotoxicosis and selective hepatic autonomic denervation on hepatic glucose metabolism in rats. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2008; 294(-3-):E513-E520. >>> Thyroxine, L-; Propylene glycol; NaOH; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 10 days; Functionality of mp verified by T4 plasma concentrations; dose-response (Fig. 1); no stress (see pg. E515); post op. care (Temgesic); animal info (male, Wistar, 325-375g.); hepatic sympathetic or parasympathetic denervation.

P8585 Fava,G., Ueno,Y., Glaser,S., Francis,H., Demorrow,S., Marucci,L., Marzioni,M., Benedetti,A., Venter,J., Vaculin,B., Vaculin,S., Alpini,G. Thyroid hormone inhibits biliary growth in bile duct-ligated rats by PLC/IP3/Ca2+-dependent downregulation of SRC/ERK1/2. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2007/4; 292(-4-):C1467-C1475. >>> Triiodothyronine, 2,3',5 L-; NaOH; BSA; IP; Rat; 1 week; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum T3 levels; animal info (male, Fisher 344, 150-175g, bile duct ligation).

P8314 Short,K.R., Nygren,J., Nair,K.S. Effect of T3-induced hyperthyroidism on mitochondrial and cytoplasmic protein synthesis rates in oxidative and glycolytic tissues in rats. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2007; 292(-2-):E642-E647. >>> Triiodothyronine; Saline; Na2CO3; NaOH; BSA; SC; Rat; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by serum T3 levels; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley, 325-350g.); endocrinology.

P7879 Lu,H., Klaassen,C. Tissue distribution and thyroid hormone regulation of Pept1 and Pept2 mRNA in rodents. Peptides 2006; 27(-4-):850-857. >>> Triiodothyromine; thyroxine, L-; Saline; NaOH; SC; Rat; 2002; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, or no treatment; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); animal info (Sprague-Dawley, 5 wk old, male).

P7595 Danzi,S., Dubon,P., Klein,I. Effect of serum triiodothyronine on regulation of cardiac gene expression: role of histone acetylation. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 2005; 289(-4-):H1506-H1511. >>> Triiodothyronine; NaOH; saline; SC; Rat; 1002; 3, 12 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle or euthyroid; functionality of mp verified by serum T3 levels; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); dose-response (fig. 1); comparison of IM injections vs. mp; half-life (pg. H1506, H1508) 7 hours in vivo in rat; cardiovascular; animal info (male, Sprague-Dawley 200 g); mp primed 24 hrs in 37 C saline; "constant infusions leads to stable serum levels by 72 h." (p. H1508; "Bolus injection was not sufficient to normalize serum T3" (p. H1510).

P7160 Cettour-Rose,P., Theander-Carrillo,C., Asensio,C., Klein,M., Visser,T.J., Burger,A.G., Meier,C.A., Rohner-Jeanrenaud,F. Hypothyroidism in rats decreases peripheral glucose utilisation, a defect partially corrected by central leptin infusion. Diabetologia 2005; 48(-4-):624-633. >>> Thyroxine; leptin, human analog; triiodothyronine, reverse; Saline, isotonic; SC; Rat; 2001; 3, 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle, functionality of mp verified by plasma levels, replacement therapy (hypothyroidism), enzyme inhibitor (deiodinase), peptides, multiple pumps per animal (2), agents are also known as T3 and T4.

P6657 Gevers,E.F., Van Der Eerden,B.C.J., Karperien,M., Raap,A.K., Robinson,I.C.A.F., Wit,J.M. Localization and regulation of the growth hormone receptor and growth hormone-binding protein in the rat growth plate. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 2002; 17(-8-):1408-1419. >>> Growth hormone, recomb. human; thyroxine; triiodothyronine; SC; Rat; 2 weeks; Controls received teflon rods; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy).

P6569 Lutz,S., Mura,R.A., Hippe,H.J., Tiefenbacher,C., Niroomand,F. Plasma membrane-associated nucleoside diphosphate kinase (nm23) in the heart is regulated by beta-adrenergic signaling. British Journal of Pharmacology 2003; 140(-6-):1019-1026. >>> Isoproterenol; triiodothyronine; propranolol; SC; Rat; 2ML2; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ saline; cardiovascular.

P6209 Evans,I.M., Pickard,M.R., Sinha,A.K., Leonard,A.J., Sampson,D.C., Ekins,R.P. Influence of maternal hyperthyroidism in the rat on the expression of neuronal and astrocytic cytoskeletal proteins in fetal brain. Journal of Endocrinology 2002; 175(-3-):597-604. >>> Thyroxine; PBS; BSA; NaOH; SC; Rat (pregnant); 2004; 23 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by tail bleed for TH levels; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); teratology.

P5986 Yoshimura,T., Yasuo,S., Watanabe,M., Iigo,M., Yamamura,T., Hirunagi,K., Ebihara,S. Light-induced hormone conversion of T(4) to T(3) regulates photoperiodic response of gonads in birds. Nature 2003; 426(-6963-):178-181. >>> Thyroxine; Iopanoic Acid; Triiodothyronine; NACL; NAOH (sodium hydroxide); HCL; CSF/CNS; Bird (quail); 2002; 2 weeks; ALZET brain infusion kit used; placement&patency of canula verified by injecting evans blue dye.

P5951 Comeau,L.A., Campana,S.E. Modifying thyroidal status in Atlantic cod by osmotic pump delivery of thyroid and antithyroid agents. TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY 2003; 132(-5-):1021-1026. >>> Triiodothyronine; iodide, potassium; methimazole; Estradiol, 17B-; testosterone; thiourea; Saline; IP; Fish (cod); 2ML1; 17 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; drug plasma levels taken; potassium iodide, methimazole and thiourea are thyroid inhibitors; sex hormones were in a separate study where the ALZET pump model was not listed; "this study demonstrates the value of osmotic pumps as effective delivery vehicles for drugs in wild demersal fish." p. 1024.

P5898 Levine,J.A., Nygren,J., Short,K.R., Nair,K.S. Effect of hyperthyroidism on spontaneous physical activity and energy expenditure in rats. Journal of Applied Physiology 2003; 94(-1-):165-170. >>> Triiodothyronine; BSA; NaOH (sodium hydroxide); sodium bicarbonate; SC; Rat; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; pump model not stated.

P5761 Short,K.R., Nygren,J., Barazzoni,R., Levine,J., Nair,K.S  Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 280(-5-):E761-E769. >>> Triiodothyronine; Saline; BSA; Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH); Sodium Carbonate; SC; Rat; 14 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; 5% BSA used.

P5553 Cettour-Rose,P., Burger,A.G., Meier,C.A., Visser,T.J., Rohner-Jeanrenaud,F. Central stimulatory effect of leptin on T-3 production is mediated by brown adipose tissue type II deiodinase. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2002; 283(-5-):E980-E987. >>> Leptin; thyroxine; triiodothyronine; Saline; SC; CSF/CNS; Rat; 2001; 6 days; Controls received mp w/ vehicle; peptides.

P5155 Haberkorn,V., Heydel,J.M., Mounie,J., Artur,Y., Goudonnet,H. Vitamin A modulates the effects of thyroid hormone on UDP-glucuronosyl transferase expression and activity in rat liver. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY 2002; 190(--):167-175. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Saline; Sodium hydroxide; SC; rat; 2002; 15 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy, p. 168); functionality of mp verified by thyroxine plasma levels.

P5142 Kim,I.S., Ariyaratne,H.B., Mendis-Handagama,S.M. Changes in the testis interstitium of Brown Norway rats with aging and effects of luteinizing and thyroid hormones on the aged testes in enhancing the steroidogenic potential. Biol Reprod. 2002/5; 66(--):1359-1366. >>> Luteinizing hormone; Thyroxine; Saline; SC; rat; 2ML4; 4 weeks; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by residual volume and plasma levels of LH&T4 via radioimmunoassay; dose-response (table, p. 1364); multiple pumps per animal (1-2): one for T4 and one for LH.

P5104 Kobori,H., Ichihara,A., Miyashita,Y, Hayashi,M, Saruta,T. Local Renin-angiotensin system contributes to hyperthyroidism-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Journal of Endocrinology 1999; 160(--):43-47. >>> Angiotensin II; Thyroxine; Saline; SC; rat; 2004; 28 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; cardiovascular; peptides; one group received Ang II and T4 in same pump; functionality of mp verified by plasma Ang II levels.

P4799 Chapital,A.D., Hendrick,S.R., Lloyd,L., Pieper,D. The effects of triiodothyronine augmentation on antithrombin III levels in sepsis.. American Surgeon 2001; 67(--):253-256. >>> Triiodothyronine;; Saline;; SC;; rat;; 24 hours;; Controls received sham surgery; functionality of mp verified by T3 plasma levels by direct chemoluinescence assay; dose-response (graph p. 254); immunology;.

P4766 Minami,H., Tada,K., Chowdhury,N.R., Chowdhury,J.R., Onji,M. Enhancement of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer to rat liver in vivo by infusion of hepatocyte growth factor and triiodothyronine. Journal of Hepatology 2000; 33(--):183-188. >>> Hepatocyte growth factor; Triiodothyronine;; Saline; Heparin, sodium;; IV (portal vein);; rat;; 24 hours;; Comparison of portal vein injections vs. mp; cancer; immunology; peptides; HGH used was recombinant human..

P4701 Ojamaa,K, Kenessey,A, Klein,I  Endocrinology 2000; 141(-6-):2139-2144. >>> Triiodothyronine;; SC;; rat;; 7 days;; Functionality of mp verified by T3 plasma levels via chemiluminescent assay; cardiovascular;.

P4140 Christenson,W.R., Becker,B.D., Hoang,H.D., Wahle,B.S., Moore,K.D., Dass,P.D., Lake,S.G., Stuart,B.P., van Goethem,D.L., Sangha,G.K., Thyssen,J.H. Extrathyroidally mediated changes in circulating thyroid hormone concentrations in the male rat following administration of an experimental oxyacetamide (FOE 5043). Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol. 1995; 132(--):253-262. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Saline; Serum, rat; NaOH; SC; rat; 2ML4; 28 days; controls received sham surgery; functionality of mp verified by serum hormone levels; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); toxicology.

P3963 Pampori,N.A., Shapiro,B.H. Feminization of hepatic cytochrome P450s by nominal levels of growth hormone in the feminine plasma profile. Mol.Pharmacol. 1996; 50(--):1148-1156. >>> Growth hormone, rat; Thyroxine; SC; IP; rat; 6 days; functionality of mp verified by residual volume; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy); peptides; multiple pumps per animal (2) (1 with each agent).

P3936 Schuur,A.G., Tacken,P.J., Visser,T.J., Brouwer,A. Modulating effects of thyroid state on the induction of biotransformation enzymes by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Environ.Toxicol.Pharmacol. 1998; 5(--):7-16. >>> Triiodothyronine, 3,3',5'-; Thyroxine; NaOH; Saline; IP; rat; 2002; 10 days; controls received mp w/vehicle or no surgery; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); toxicology.

P3689 Rudling,M., Olivecrona,H., Eggertsen,G., Angelin,B. Regulation of rat hepatic low density lipoprotein receptors. J.Clin.Invest. 1996; 97(-2-):292-299. >>> Growth hormone, recomb. human; Insulin-like growth factor I; Dexamethasone; Thyroxine, L-; rat; 2001; 2ML2; 6 days; controls received sham operation; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy); agent infusion rates given in ug/h; recomb. human IGF-I used.

P3633 Schuur,A.G., Boekhorst,F.M., Brouwer,A., Visser,T.J. Extrathyroidal effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on thyroid hormone turnover in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Endocrinology 1997; 138(-9-):3727-3734. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; NaOH; saline; IP; Rat; 2002; 10 days; Triiodothyronine (T3)&thyroxine (T4) were dissolved in 0.1M NaOH&0.9% NaCL.

P3138 Nguyen,T.T., DiStefano III,J.D., Yamada,H., Yen,Y.-M. Steady state organ distribution and metabolism of thyroxine and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in intestines, liver, kidneys, blood, and residual carcass of the rat in vivo. Endocrinology 1993; 133(-6-):2973-2983. >>> Triiodothyronine; Thyroxine; 125I tracer; Radio-isotopes; Albumin, bovine serum; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; functionality of mp verified in pilot studies.

P3097 Wilcox,H.G., Frank,R.A., Heimberg,M. Effects of thyroid status and fasting on hepatic metabolism of apolipoprotein A-1. J.Lipid Res. 1991; 32(--):395-405. >>> Triiodothyronine; Thyroxine, l-; Butanol, n-; Propylene glycol; IP; rat; 2001; 2002; 7,14 days; controls received no treatment or mp with vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; replacement therapy (thyroparathyroidectomy); comparison of SC T3 injections vs. mp.

P3088 Wu,S.-Y., Huang,W.-S., Chopra,I.J., Jordan,M., Alvarez,D., Santini,F. Sulfation pathway of thyroid hormone metabolism in selenium-deficient male rats. Am.J.Physiol.(Endocrinol.Metab.) 1995; 31(--):E572-E579. >>> Thyroxine sulfate; Triiodothyronine sulfate, 3,3',5'-; Triiodothyronine sulfate, reverse; NaOH; PBS; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 2001; 48-96 hours; controls received mp with saline; functionality of mp verified by serum levels.

P3063 Yen,Y.-M., Distefano III,J.J., Yamada,H., Nguyen,T.T. Direct measurement of whole body thyroid hormone pool sizes and interconversion rates in fasted rats: hormone regulation implications. Endocrinology 1994; 134(-4-):1700-1709. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; Radio-isotopes; Albumin, bovine serum; NaOH; Sodium carbonate; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; functionality of mp verified in pilot studies; topical and im antibiotics used.

P3019 Vidal,H., Geloen,A., Minaire,Y., Riou,J.-P. Effect of growth hormone deficiency on hormonal control of hepatic glycogenolysis in hypophysectomized rat. Metabolism 1993; 42(-5-):631-637. >>> Triiodothyronine; Corticotropin; NaOH; IP; rat; 2002; 8-10 days; peptides.

P3008 Freyschuss,B., Sahlin,L., Masironi,B., Eriksson,H. The hormonal regulation of the oestrogen receptor in rat liver: an interplay involving growth hormone, thyroid hormones and glucocorticoids. J.Endocrinol. 1994; 142(--):285-298. >>> Growth hormone, human; Triiodothyronine, L-; Prolactin, ovine; Dexamethasone; SC; rat; 7 days; controls received hypophysectomy only w/ no mp; functionality of mp verified by checking pumps after usage; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy); comparison of single sc injections of GH&T3 vs. mp; agents given alone or in combination; growth hormone via mp partly restores liver estrogen receptor concentration while same dose in 2 single injections daily has no effect.

P2928 Rudling,M., Norstedt,G., Olivecrona,H., Reihner,E., Gustafsson,J.-A., Angelin,B. Importance of growth hormone for the induction of hepatic low density lipoprotein receptors. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 1992; 89(--):6983-6987. >>> Growth hormone, human; Dexamethasone; Thyroxine, l-; SC; rat; 2001; 5 days; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy); peptides; GH given solely, or GH/Dex, GH/Dex/T4, or Dex/T4.

P2693 Connors,J.M.,, Huffman,L.J., Michalkiewicz,M., Chang,B.S.H., Dey,R.D., Hedge,G.A. Thyroid vascular conductance: differential effects of elevated plasma thyrotropin (TSH) induced by treatment with thioamides or TSH-releasing hormone. Endocrinology 1991; 129(-1-):117-125. >>> Triiodothyronine; Thyroxine; Thyrotropin-rel. factor; Saline; Sodium hydroxide; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 6 days; controls received saline via injections or did not have drug-induced hypothyroidism; replacement therapy (propylthiouracil and methimazole-induced hypothyroidism); comparison of ip, iv&sc injections vs. mp; multiple pumps per animal (2) were used concurrently.

P2688 Chapa,F., Kunnecke,B., Calvo,R., Escobar del Rey,F., Morreale de Escobar,G., Cerdan,S. Adult-onset hypothyroidism and the cerebral metabolism of (1,2-13C2) acetate as detected by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. Endocrinology 1995; 136(-1-):296-305. >>> Thyroxine; SC; rat; 7, 13 days; controls received mp w/ saline; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P2679 Calvo,R., Obregon,M.J., Del Rey,F.E., De Escobar,G.M. The rat placenta and the transfer of thyroid hormones from the mother to the fetus. Effects of maternal thyroid status. Endocrinology 1992; 131(-1-):357-365. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; PBS; Serum, rat; Sodium hydroxide; rat (pregnant); 2ML2; no duration posted; controls received mp w/ saline; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; dose-response.

P2570 Kakucska,I., Rand,W., Lechan,R.M. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone gene expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus is dependent upon feedback regulation by both triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Endocrinology 1992; 130(-5-):2845-2850. >>> Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; Serum, rat; IP; rat; 2ML2; 7 days; controls received mp w/ vehicle; functionality of mp verified by plasma levels; replacement therapy (methimazole-induced hypothyroidism).

P2524 Liang,H., Morin,O., Burger,A.G. Effect of the antioxidant TK 12627 (Irganox) on monodeiodination and on the levels of messenger ribonucleic acid of 5'-deiodinase type I and spot 14. Acta Endocrinol. 1993; 128(--):451-458. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; 131I tracer; Radio-isotopes; Albumin, bovine serum; Saline; Sodium hydroxide; IP; rat; 1003D; 2002; 1 week; 24 hours; replacement therapy (MMI-perchlorate induced hypothyroidism).

P2383 Elam,M.B., Wilcox,H.G., Solomon,S.S., Heimberg,M. In vivo growth hormone treatment stimulates secretion of very low density lipoprotein by the isolated perfused rat liver. Endocrinology 1992; 131(-6-):2717-2722. >>> Hydrocortisone; Triiodothyronine; Growth hormone; PEG; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; SC; rat; no duration posted; peptides.

P2335 Katzeff,H.L., Selgrad,C. Impaired peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism in genetic obesity. Endocrinology 1993; 132(-3-):989-995. >>> Thyroxine; SC; rat; 2002; 21-24 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P2310 Hays,J.H., Eil,C., Smallridge,R.C. Sodium ipodate increases triiodothyronine action in vivo. J.Endocrinol.Invest. 1992; 15(--):507-512. >>> Triiodothyronine, L-; Sodium hydroxide; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 2002; 14 days; controls received thyroidectomy but no agent treatment; functionality of mp verified by in vitro testing; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P2243 Dulchavsky,S.A., Bailey,J. Triiodothyronine treatment maintains surfactant synthesis during sepsis. Surgery 1992; 112(--):475-479. >>> Triiodothyronine; Saline; SC; rat; no duration posted; controls received mp w/saline; functionality of mp verified seven levels.

P2241 DiStefano,J.J., Morris,W.L., Nguyen,T.T., van Herle,A.J., Florsheim,W. Enterohepatic regulation and metabolism of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in hypothyroid rats. Endocrinology 1993; 132(-4-):1665-1670. >>> Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; Sodium carbonate; Sodium hydroxide; Radio-isotopes; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P2176 Barter,R.A., Klaassen,C.D. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase inducers reduce thyroid hormone levels in rats by an extrathyroidal mechanism. Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol. 1992; 113(--):36-42. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Saline; Sodium hydroxide; SC; rat; 2002; 10 days; functionality of mp verified by serum levels (p. 38); replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); good methods.

P1855 Wilcox,H.G., Heimberg,M. Effects of hyperthyroidism on synthesis, secretion and metabolism of the VLDL apoproteins by the perfused rat liver. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 1991; 1081(--):246-252. >>> Triiodothyronine; IP; rat; 7, 28 days; no comment posted.

P1839 Morreale de Escobar,G., Calvo,R., Obregon,M.J., Escobar del Rey,F. Contribution of maternal thyroxine to fetal thyroxine pools in normal rats near term. Endocrinology 1990; 126(-5-):2765-2767. >>> Thyroxine; 125I tracer; Potassium iodide; Radio-isotopes; rat (pregnant); no duration posted; no comment posted.

P1778 Katzeff,H.L. Increasing age impairs the thyroid hormone response to overfeeding. Proc.Soc.Exp.Biol.Med. 1990; 194(--):198-203. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Albumin, bovine serum; Radio-isotopes; Saline; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; functionality of mp verified by serum hormone levels, measuring residual radioactivity.

P1708 Wu,S.Y., Merryfield,M.L., Polk,D.H., Fisher,D.A. Two pathways for thyroxine 5'-monodeiodination in brown adipose tissue in fetal sheep: ontogenesis and divergent responses to hypothyroidism and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine replacement. Endocrinology 1990; 126(-4-):1950-1958. >>> Triiodothyronine; sheep (fetus); 8 days; functionality of mp verified by serum levels; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P1609 Hupart,K.H., DeFesi,C.R., Katz,C.P., Shapiro,L.E., Surks,M.I. Differential response to L-triiodothyronine of anterior pituitary growth hormone messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and B-thyrotropin mRNA in a hypothyroid Walker 256 carcinoma-bearing rat model of nonthyroidal disease. Endocrinology 1990; 126(-1-):616-621. >>> Radio-isotopes; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; Sodium hydroxide; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 2001; 3 days; comparison of IP injections vs. mp infusion; cancer/immunology.

P1599 Comte,B., Vidal,H., Laville,M., Riou,J.-P. Influence of thyroid hormones on gluconeogenesis from glycerol in rat hepatocytes: a dose-response study. Metabolism 1990; 39(-3-):259-263. >>> Triiodothyronine; IP; rat; 7 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P1590 Lin,Z.W., Wenderoth,M.P., Eisenberg,B.A. Individual rabbit cardiac myocytes have different thresholds for alpha myosin heavy chain regulation by thyroid hormone. Am.J.Anat. 1989; 185(--):455-461. >>> Triiodothyronine, L-; SC; rabbit; 5 days; functionality of mp verified by daily blood LT3 levels using RIA; replacement therapy (propylthiouracil diet-induced hypothyroid); various LT3 doses infused.

P1468 Emerson,C.H., Lew,R., Braverman,L.E., DeVito,W.J. Serum thyrotropin concentrations are more highly correlated with serum triiodothyronine concentrations than with serum thyroxine concentrations in thyroid hormone-infused thyroidectomized rats. Endocrinology 1989; 124(--):2415-2418. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Serum, rat; Sodium hydroxide; Water; SC; rat; 14 days; dose-response; functionality of mp verified by serum levels; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P1440 Katzeff,H.L., Bovbjerg,D., Mark,D.A. Exercise regulation of triiodothyronine metabolism. Am.J.Physiol. 1988; 255(--):E824-E828. >>> Radio-isotopes; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; Albumin, bovine serum; Saline; SC; mice; 2001; 7 days; dose-response; funtionality of mp verified by serum levels.

P1331 Gavin,L.A., Moeller,M., McMahon,F.A., Castle,J.N., Gulli,R., Cavalieri,R.R. Carbohydrate feeding increases total body and specific tissue 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine neogenesis in the rat. Endocrinology 1988; 123(-2-):1075-1081. >>> Radio-isotopes; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; Albumin, human serum; Sodium hydroxide; Water; SC; rat; 2001; 14 days; dose-response (table); half-life; second and third pumps implanted at 7 days; third pump contained labelled T-4 to measure the MCR; functionality of mp verified by serum levels; pump replaced weekly; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); stability determin.

P1324 Anagnostou,A., Miller,M., Westenfelder,C., Clemons,G., Baranowski,R. Effects of triiodothyronine replacement on the anemia of chronic renal failure. Exp.Hematol. 1988; 16(--):159-162. >>> Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Serum, rat; Water; IP; rat; 2002; 14 days; dose-response (table); comparison of sc injections vs. mp infusion; functionality of mp verified.

P1323 Wilcox,H.G., Tso,P., Heimberg,M. Stimulation of intestinal secretion of apolipoprotein AI by triiodothyronine. Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun. 1988; 153(-2-):606-611. >>> Triiodothyronine; Butanol, n-; PEG; IP; rat; 2001; 7 days; no comment posted.

P1306 Dubuis,J.M., Dayer,J.M., Siegrist-Kaiser,C.A., Burger,A.G. Human recombinant interleukin-1B decreases plasma thyroid hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone levels in rats. Endocrinology 1988; 123(-5-):2175-2181. >>> Radio-isotopes; Thyroxine; 125I tracer; IP; rat; 2002; 7, 14 days; measured plasma clearance of T4; functionality of mp verified by serum levels; stability verified at 14 days.

P1304 DiStefano,J.J., Sternlicht,M., Harris,D.R. Rat enterohepatic circulation and intestinal distribution of enterally infused thyroid hormones. Endocrinology 1988; 123(-5-):2526-2539. >>> Radio-isotopes; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; Bile; Glycerol; Propanol; Propylene glycol; intestine (duodenum); rat; 2001; 7 days; catheter to duodenum; dose-response (text); functionality of mp verified by plasma levels.

P1269 Elam,M.B., Simkevich,C.P., Solomon,S.S., Wilcox,H.G., Heimberg,M. Stimulation of in vitro triglyceride synthesis in the rat hepatocyte by growth hormone treatment in vivo. Endocrinology 1988; 122(-4-):1397-1402. >>> Cortisol; Growth hormone, human; Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; SC; rat; 7, 14 days; pump model not stated; male rats infused for 7 days, females for 14; agents infused separately; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy); peptides.

P1262 Kaiser,C.A., Seydoux,J., Giacobino,J.-P., Girardier,L., Burger,A.G. Increased plasma clearance rate of thyroxine despite decreased 5'-monodeiodination: study with a peroxisome proliferator in the rat. Endocrinology 1988; 122(-3-):1087-1093. >>> Radio-isotopes; Thyroxine; 125I tracer; 131I tracer; IP; rat; 2001; 7 days; 4 exp., only 1 used mp; nafenopin pellets administered concomitantly in food; 2 doses of agent infused with different radio-isotopes.

P1240 Waggoner,P.R., Philp,N.J. Method for long term delivery of soluble agents to the chick chorioallantoic membrane. Experientia 1981; 37(-3-):321-322. >>> Thyroxine, l-; in vitro; chorioallantoic membrane; bird (chicken embryo); 2001; 7 days; mp placed in small test tube filled w/ water and then sealed w/ parafilm; mp connected to catheter that bathed the chorioallantoic membrane.

P1223 Conners,J.M., Huffman,L.J., Hedge,G.A. Effects of thyrotropin on the vascular conductance of the thyroid gland. Endocrinology 1988; 122(-3-):921-929. >>> Thyroid-stimulating hormone, bovine; Thyrotropin-rel. factor; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; IV (jugular); SC; rat; 2, 6 days; pump model not stated; mp connected to catheter; dose-response; separate and simultaneous infusion of T3 and T4; NaOH is vehicle for TRH, T3, and T4; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy); peptides.

P1173 Goldberg,J.R., Ehrmann,B., Katzeff,H.L. Altered triiodothyronine metabolism in zucker fatty rats. Endocrinology 1988; 122(-2-):689-693. >>> Radio-isotopes; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; SC; rat; 2001; 7 days; no comment posted.

P1127 Gavin,L.A., Cavalieri,R.R., Moeller,M., McMahon,F.A., Castle,J.N., Gulli,R. Brain lipoprotein lipase is responsive to nutritional and hormonal modulation. Metabolism 1987; 36(-10-):919-924. >>> Insulin; Triiodothyronine; SC; rat; 2001; 4, 7 days; dose-response; replacement therapy (streptozotocin induced diabetes, thyroidectomy); peptides.

P1063 Abraham,G., Falcou,R., Rozen,R., Mandenoff,A., Autissier,N., Apfelbaum,M. The effects of a constant T3 level and thermoneutrality in diet-induced hyperphagia. Horm.Metab.Res. 1987; 19(--):96-100. >>> Triiodothyronine; Saline; SC; rat; 2002; no duration posted; controls received sham operation w/placebo mp; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy) pumps replaced at day 14 and day 28; long-term study.

P1049 Lacour,B., Roullet,J.-B., Ricordel,Y., Drueke,T. Chronic triiodothyronine supplementation does not improve the lipoprotein disorders of mildly uremic rats. Nephron 1987; 45(--):129-134. >>> Triiodothyronine; IP; rat; 2002; 35 days; pumps replaced twice; some animals received contralateral nephrectomy; long-term study.

P1013 Smeds,S., Peter,H.J., Jortso,E., Gerber,H., Studer,H. Naturally occurring clones of cells with high intrinsic proliferation potential within the follicular epithelium of mouse thyroids. Cancer Res. 1987; 47(--):1646-1651. >>> Thyroxine; 3H tracer; IP; mice; 2001; 22 days; pumps replaced; replacement therapy (hemithyroidectomy); cancer.

P1009 DeVito,W.J., Connors,J.M., Hedge,G.A. The pituitary TSH response to TRH is inversely related to the plasma TSH concentration and directly related to the pituitary TSH content during hypothyroidism in the rat. Acta Endocrinol. 1987; 114(--):27-36. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 2002; 7/14 days; pumps replaced after 7 days; dose-response; intact euthyroid control rats were left untreated; replacement therapy (thyroparathyroidectomy).

P1002 Goumaz,M.O., Kaiser,C.A., Burger,A.G. Brain cortex reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) and triiodothyronine concentrations under steady state infusions of thyroxine and rT3. Endocrinology 1987; 120(--):1590-1596. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine, reverse; 125I tracer; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; Serum, rat; Sodium carbonate; IP; rat; 2001; 3/7 days; pumps primed overnight in saline; T4 of low&high specific activity (SA) infused sep; T4 of low (SA) obtained by add. of unlabeled T4; replacement ther. (thyroidectomy).

P0862 Kaiser,C.A., Goumaz,M.O., Burger,A.G. In vivo inhibition of the 5'-deiodinase type II in brain cortex and pituitary by reverse triiodothyronine. Endocrinology 1986; 119(-2-):762-770. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine, reverse; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; Serum, hypothyroid rat; Sodium carbonate; IP; rat; 2001; 7 days; controls received mp w/vehicle; dose response data; pumps primed overnight in buffer; various doses of agents infused; functionality of mp verified by labelling agent (extensive serum level data); replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0727 Gavin,L.A., McMahon,F., Moeller,M. Modulation of adipose lipoprotein lipase by thyroid hormone and diabetes. Diabetes 1985; 34(--):1266-1271. >>> Insulin; Triiodothyronine; SC; rat; 2001; 72 hours; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy, streptozocin induced diabetes); peptides.

P0714 Olubadewo,J.O., Wilcox,H.G., Heimberg,M. Differential effects of alanine on ketogenesis and triacylglycerol formation by isolated perfused livers from euthyroid and hyperthyroid rats. Metabolism 1985; 34(-12-):1139-1145. >>> Triiodothyronine; Butanol, n-; Propylene glycol; IP; rat; 7 days; control group received mp w/ vehicle; mp infusion of T3 to induce hyperthyroidism in rats.

P0638 Simasko,S.M., Horita,A. Treatment of rats with the TRH analog MK-771. Neuropharmacology 1985; 24(-2-):157-165. >>> MK-771; Thyroxine; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; CSF/CNS; SC; rat; 1 week; 1 week; comparison of once daily each icv&ip injec vs. mp infusion vs. icv injec every 2 hr; T4 in saline&NaOH given sc, MK-771 in saline only given by icv route; stability of MK-771 verified; comparison of agent's effects; MK-771 is a TRH analog.

P0559 Shenker,Y., Villareal,J.Z., Sider,R.S., Grekin,R.J. a-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone stimulation of aldosterone secretion in hypophysectomized rats. Endocrinology 1985; 116(-1-):138-141. >>> ACTH(1-24); Dexamethasone disodium phosphate; Melanocyte-stimulating hormone, a-; Thyroxine, l-; SC; rat; 6 days; comparison of agents effects; replacement therapy (hypophysectomy); peptides.

P0539 Tibaldi,J.M., Sahnoun,N., Surks,M.I. Response of hepatic mitochondrial a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme to constant infusions of L-triiodothyronine in rats bearing the Walker 256 carcinoma. J.Clin.Invest. 1984; 74(-3-):705-714. >>> Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 3 days; 1.2 and 4.5 ug T3/100g body weight/day; dose-response data; cancer.

P0531 Jennings,A.S. Regulation of hepatic triiodothyronine production in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Am.J.Physiol. 1984; 247(--):E526-E533. >>> Thyroxine; Sodium hydroxide; SC; rat; 1 week; comparison of sc injec vs. mp infusion.

P0448 Glass,A.R., Vigersky,R.A., Rajatanavin,R., Pardridge,W., Smallridge,R.C., Wartofsky,L., Burman,K.D. Low serum thyroxine and high serum triiodothyronine in nephrotic rats: etiology and implications for bioavailability of protein-bound hormone. Endocrinology 1984; 114(-5-):1745-1753. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 2002; 12 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0436 Klein,A.H., Reviczky,A., Padbury,J.F. Thyroid hormones augment catecholamine-stimulated brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in the ovine fetus. Endocrinology 1984; 114(-4-):1065-1069. >>> Triiodothyronine; SC; sheep (fetus); 8 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); 25 ug/h and 50 ug/h infusions of T3.

P0392 Cavalieri,R.R., Castle,J.N., McMahon,F.A. Effects of dexamethasone on kinetics and distribution of triiodothyronine in the rat. Endocrinology 1984; 114(-1-):215-221. >>> Dexamethasone; Radio-isotopes; Thyroxine, l-; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; Albumin, human serum; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; IP; SC; rat; 2001; 2002; 5, 6, and 12 days; comparison of agents effects; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); no stress - see p. 220; T3 and T4 used w/ and w/o 125I tracer; T4 used in 2002 pump sc, T3 in 2001 sc, Dex. in 2001 ip or sc; 3 pumps/animal.

P0367 Ballard,P.L., Klein,A.H., Fisher,D.A. Thyroid hormones and plasma corticosteroid binding globulin capacity in fetal and newborn lambs. Endocrinology 1983; 113(-4-):1197-1200. >>> Triiodothyronine; sheep (fetus); sheep (lamb); 8 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy); doses of T3 were 8 ug/h, 25 ug/h, 50 ug/h.

P0358 Gavin,L.A., Moeller,M. Glucagon does not modulate the alterations in T3 metabolism consequent to dietary manipulation and diabetes. Diabetes 1983; 32(--):798-803. >>> Glucagon; Somatostatin; Thyroxine; SC; rat; 2001; 2-3 days; separate pumps delivering glucagon and somatostatin were implanted simultaneously in same rat; peptides.

P0355 Klein,A.H., Reviczky,A., Padbury,J.F., Fisher,D.A. Effect of changes in thyroid status on tissue respiration in fetal and newborn sheep. Am.J.Physiol. 1983; 244(-6-):E603-E606. >>> Triiodothyronine; SC; sheep (fetus); sheep (lamb); 8 days; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0350 Brown,J.G., Millward,D.J. Dose response of protein turnover in rat skeletal muscle to triiodothyronine treatment. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 1983; 757(--):182-190. >>> Triiodothyronine, 3,5,3'-; PEG 300; Water; IP; rat; 2001; 1 week; replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0312 Taylor,S.E. Additional evidence against universal modulation of B-adrenoceptor responses by excessive thyroxine. Br.J.Pharmacol. 1983; 78(--):639-644. >>> Thyroxine; DMSO; SC; guinea-pig; 2002; 13 days; no comment posted.

P0214 Senga,O., Pittman,C.S., Lindsay,R.H., Chambers Jr,J.B., Hill Jr,J.B. Comparison of peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism in normal rats and in rats receiving prolonged glucagon infusion. Endocrinology 1982; 110(-6-):2011-2017. >>> Glucagon; Radio-isotopes; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; 125I tracer; Sodium hydroxide; Saline; IP; IV (jugular); rat; 7-9 days; glucagon ip simultaneous infusion w/T3&T4 in vehicles iv; 2 pumps/animal.

P0213 Luciani,L., Michel,O., Jorgensen,E.C., Michel,R. Metabolic effects of 3,5-dimethyl-3'-isopropyl-L-thyronine (DIMIT) in constant infusion by osmotic minipump to hypothyroid rat. C.R.Acad.Sc.Paris (French, English abstract) 1982; 294(-3-):361-364. >>> Triiodothyronine analog (DIMIT); Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; SC; rat; 8 days; comparison of daily sc injection vs. infusion; organ replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0154 Gavin,L.A., McMahon,F.A., Moeller,M. The mechanism of impaired T3 production from T4 in diabetes. Diabetes 1981; 30(--):694-699. >>> Insulin; Thyroxine; Sodium hydroxide; SC; rat; 2001; 2-4 days; NaOH in T4 only; peptides.

P0150 Gavin,L.A., McMahon,F.A., Moeller,M. Carbohydrate in contrast to protein feeding increases the hepatic content of active thyroxine-5'-deiodinase in the rat. Endocrinology 1981; 109(-2-):530-536. >>> Thyroxine; Sodium hydroxide; SC; rat; 3 days; no comment posted.

P0135 El-Zaheri,M.M., Vagenakis,A.G., Hinerfeld,L., Emerson,C.H., Braverman,L.E. Maternal thyroid function is the major determinant of amniotic fluid 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine in the rat. J.Clin.Invest. 1981; 67(--):1126-1133. >>> Triiodothyronine, 3,3',5'-; Thyroxine; SC; rat; no duration posted; 2 days T4, 5 days rT3; comparison of injections vs. infusion.

P0130 Connors,J.M., Hedge,G.A. Effect of continuous thyroxine administration on thyrotropin secretion in thyroidectomized rats. Endocrinology 1981; 108(-6-):2098-2102. >>> Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Propanediol, 1,2-; Serum, rat; SC; rat; 4-6 days; organ replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0108 Connors,J.M., Hedge,G.A. Feedback regulation of thyrotropin by thyroxine under physiological conditions. Am.J.Physiol. 1981; 240(-3-):E308-E313. >>> Thyroxine; Sodium hydroxide; Propanediol, 1,2-; IP; SC; rat; 2 days; comparison of oral admin. vs. infusion; organ replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0069 Lorijn,R.H.W., Nelson,J.C., Longo,L.D. Induced fetal hyperthyroidism: cardiac output and oxygen consumption. Am.J.Physiol. 1980; 239(-3-):H302-H307. >>> Triiodothyronine; PEG; SC; sheep (fetus); 5 days; no comment posted.

P0059 Connors,J.M., Hedge,G.A. Feedback effectiveness of periodic versus constant triiodothyronine replacement. Endocrinology 1980; 106(-3-):911-917. >>> Triiodothyronine; Sodium hydroxide; Propanediol, 1,2-; SC; rat; no duration posted; Intermittent injections vs. infusion; organ replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0051 Clot,J.-P., Bouhnik,J., Baudry,M., Michel,R. Rat thyroxine metabolism studied by osmotic minipump infusion. C.R.Acad.Sc.Paris (French, English abstract) 1980; 290(-3-):235-237. >>> Radio-isotopes; Thyroxine; 125I tracer; Saline; SC; rat; 1701; no duration posted; organ replacement therapy (thyroidectomy).

P0045 Lorijn,R.H.W., Longo,L.D. Clinical and physiologic implications of increased fetal oxygen consumption. Am.J.Obstet.Gynecol. 1980; 136(-4-):451-457. >>> Triiodothyronine; PEG; SC; sheep (fetus); 4-5 days; Harvard pump used to infuse NE during control period of 30-60 mins..